1. (2011. Jining) Categorizing garbage for recycling not only saves resources but also prevents pollution, which is in line with the requirements of sustainable development. For example: broken iron pots, bad frame, waste cans, old wires and aluminum scraps can be classified as a class of recycling, they belong to ( )
A. Metal B. Oxide
C. Salt D. Organic
2. (2011. Nanchang City, Nanchang) Nanchang Metro Rail Line 1 will be completed to greatly improve the city's traffic conditions. Subway track is usually made of manganese steel, manganese steel belongs to ( )
A. metal materials B. composite materials C. synthetic materials D. inorganic non-metallic materials
3. (2011. Suqian City) the following applications in high-speed rail trains on the material, does not belong to the metal material is ( )
A. stainless steel B. glass C. aluminum alloy D. copper wire
4. >4. (2011.Loudi City) the following metal-related statements are correct ( )
A. pig iron and steel are iron alloys
B. used batteries can be discarded at will, will not pollute the environment
C. the conductivity of silver is stronger than copper, so the general use of silver for wires
D. iron ore in the earth's crust is the most abundant, and can be casually (2011.Quanzhou City) The following statements about iron and its compounds are wrong ( )
A. Pig iron and steel are iron alloys
B. Iron is easy to rust in moist air
C. The most abundant metallic element in the earth's crust is iron
D. Carbon monoxide reacts with iron oxide at high temperatures to (2011. Guilin) The following is not correct ( ）
A. Steel is pure iron B. The main component of rust is Fe2O3?xH2O
C. Insulating air and water prevents iron from rusting D. Corroded iron products should be recycled
7. (2011. Suzhou) The following statements are true of alloys A. Alloys are not gold materials B. Alloys are generally harder than the constituent metals
C. Alloys are metallic monomers D. Most alloys have a higher melting point than the constituent metals that make them up
8. (2011. Huangshi City) Aluminum foil is often used in food packaging bags.
A. conductivity B. corrosion resistance C. electrical conductivity D. ductility
9. (2011. Chengdu) A clean, shiny nail is more likely to rust in damp cotton than in the air. Carbon dioxide reaction
10. (2011. Binzhou City) in order to prevent the rust of bicycles, the following practices are unreasonable ( )
A. frame surface spray paint B. steel ring surface plating protective metal
C. chain surface coating oil D. open-air placement, sun and rain
11. (2011. Neijiang City) Anshan Iron and Steel Group fully support the Shanghai World Expo, for the Shanghai World Expo, and the Shanghai World Expo. Shanghai World Expo, for the construction of the Shanghai Hongqiao transportation hub to provide 47,000 tons of high-quality steel. The following about steel is wrong ( )
A. Steel is an iron alloy B. Steel has many properties better than pig iron
C. Steel contains more carbon than pig iron D. Steel is a mixture
12. (2011. Yibin City) the following statement is unreasonable ( )
A. "Iron deficiency anemia "
B. Aluminum pots and pans can be used to hold acidic food
C. The canisters in gas masks use activated charcoal to adsorb poisonous gases
D. Hydrochloric acid can be used to remove rust
13. (2011. Baise) Iron is the most widely used metal material in production and life. The following about iron is not correct ( )
A. iron rust when the generation of iron tetraoxide B. surface paint to prevent iron rust
C. iron products should be placed in a dry environment D. often sweep the surface of the iron dust can prevent rust
14. (2011.Huangshi) the following groups of experiments, can not illustrate the strength of the metal activity of iron and copper
14. (2011.Huangshi) the following groups of experiments, can not illustrate the iron and copper (2011.Huangshi) The following experiments do not show the strength of the metallic activity of iron and copper. ( ）
A. Iron and copper wires are inserted into dilute sulfuric acid. B. Iron and copper wires are inserted into sodium hydroxide solution. B. Iron reacts with dilute sulfuric acid to form Fe2(SO4)3 and H2
C. Iron buckets can be used to contain pesticide Bordeaux D. Dilute hydrochloric acid to remove iron rust to form FeCl2 and H2O
16. (2011. Baise City) The chemical equation for the reaction of a metal R with silver nitrate solution is: R + 2AgNO3 R(NO3)2 + 2AgR with copper nitrate solution does not react. copper nitrate solution does not react, the inference about R is correct ( )
A. R activity between copper, silver B. R can replace the hydrogen in the acid
C. R activity is stronger than copper D. R activity is stronger than copper, silver are weaker
15. (2011.Loudi City) A, B, C three metal activity of the experimental research process is as follows: ( ) (1) take three metal pieces of equal size, respectively, into the CuSO4 solution, after a period of time, A, C surface red material, B surface no phenomenon. (2) take equal size of A, C two kinds of metal pieces, were put into the same dilute hydrochloric acid, A, C surface are produced bubbles, but A produce bubbles faster than the speed of C obviously. The order of activity of the three metals A, B and C is ( )
A. A>C>B B. C>A>B C. C>B>A D. A>B>C
16. (2011. Jixi City) When metal X is put into Cu(NO3)2 solution, a red solid precipitates on the surface of X. If it is put into Mg(NO3)2 solution, there is no obvious phenomenon. Then X, Cu, Mg three metal activity from strong to weak order is correct ( )
A. Mg, X, Cu B. X, Mg, Cu
C. Mg, Cu, X D. Cu, X, Mg
17. (2011. Tianjin City) there are three kinds of metals, X, Y, Z, X can be reacted with oxygen at room temperature, Y, Z at room temperature X can react with oxygen at room temperature, and Y and Z hardly react with oxygen at room temperature. If Y and Z are put into dilute sulfuric acid, Y dissolves and produces hydrogen, and Z does not react. According to the above experimental facts, X, Y, Z three metal activity from strong to weak order is correct ( )
A. X Z Y B. X Y Z C. Y Z X D. Z Y X
18. (2011.Tai'an City) there are X, Y, Z three kinds of metal, three kinds of metals were immersed in dilute sulfuric acid, Y dissolved and release hydrogen, X, Z does not dissolve; X immersed in the sulfate solution of Z When X is immersed in a sulfate solution of Z, Z precipitates on the surface of X. The activity of the three metals varies from strong to weak. The activity of the three metals in the correct order from strong to weak is ( )
A. X>Y>Z B. Y>X>Z C. Y>Z>X D. X>Z>Y
19. (2011.Zhaoqing City) will be a, b, c three kinds of metal were put into the dilute hydrochloric acid, only b dissolved and produce Bubbles; a and c were put into copper sulfate solution, copper precipitated on the surface of a, c did not change. The order of activity of the metals a, b and c is ( )
A. c > b > a B. b > a > c C. a > c > b D. b > c > a
20. (2011. Ya'an City) Of the following metals, the one that has the weakest activity is ( )
A. Aluminum B. Copper C. Magnesium D. Iron
21. (2011. Fuzhou City) The order of activity of common metals is shown in Figure 4. The order of activity of common metals is shown in Figure 4:
The following groups of substances can react with each other ( )
A. Copper and sodium nitrate solution B. Iron and dilute hydrochloric acid C. Zinc and potassium chloride solution D. Silver and dilute sulfuric acid
22. (2011.Wuhan) In the laboratory, the process of reducing iron oxide with a device shown in the figure on the right, it may be generated tetraferric oxide, ferrous iron oxide or iron and other solid substances. About the experiment, the following statements are wrong ( )
A. experiment, the test tube in the clarified lime water becomes turbid, proving that the reaction of carbon dioxide
B. experiment at the end of the glass tube, the red powder of iron oxide turns black, the product is not necessarily iron
C. after the reaction, the mass of the solid material in the glass tube is reduced compared with the reaction, proving that the reaction of iron
C. after the reaction, the solid material in the glass tube, the mass of the solid material is reduced compared with the reaction before, proving that D. In order to reduce air pollution, the exhaust gas treatment device should be increased
23. (2011. Yantai City) Iron and its alloys are widely used in production and life. The following statements about iron and its alloys are correct ( )
A. Iron is the most abundant metal element in the earth's crust
B. Stainless steel is good corrosion resistance, can be used in the manufacture of medical equipment
C. Iron wire can be burned violently in oxygen, sparks, to produce iron oxide
D. Iron rust is the process of iron and oxygen in the air and water occurring slow Oxidation process
24. (2011. Chaohu City) Wuhu iron painting is a Chinese arts and crafts garden in a strange flower. It is made of steel as the main material, through forging, welding, pickling, painting and other processes. The following description of the iron painting is incorrect ( )
A. Iron painting should be hung in a dry environment
B. The rust on the materials used can be dilute hydrochloric acid to clean off
C. To beat the molding of the iron painting paint can be both beautiful and rust corrosion
D. The main material used - - mild steel, has a better forging and rolling properties, which does not belong to the iron alloy
D. The main material used - - mild steel, has better forging and rolling properties, it is not an iron alloy
D. The main material used - - mild steel, has better forging and rolling properties, it is not an iron alloy
D. /p>
25. (2011. Rizhao City) the following chart is to explore the conditions of rusting iron products do five experiments (nails in different environments), the experiment after a period of time, the conclusion is wrong ( )
A. A, B, E in the order of rusting nails fast and slow: B> A> E. B. C in the iron nails do not rust
C. Iron rust is the main condition of direct contact with air and water. D. The iron nail in D rusts the most seriously
26. (2011. Meishan City) in the balance on the two plates of the beaker, each into the same mass of dilute sulfuric acid, adjust the balance to equilibrium. To the two sides of the beaker were added 5g of magnesium and 5g of iron, magnesium and iron all reacted and disappeared, the needle of the balance ( )
A. biased towards the side of the iron B. biased towards the side of the magnesium added
C. still remain in the original position D. can not be determined
27. (2011.Nanjing) an alloy of 6g and a sufficient amount of dilute sulfuric acid reacted fully, if the generation of 0.2g of hydrogen, the elements in the alloy may be ( )
A. Zn and Fe B. Cu and Au C. Zn and Cu D. Mg and Al
28. (2011. Guangzhou City). In order to investigate the factors affecting the intensity of the reaction between zinc and hydrochloric acid, a study group designed the following experiments the following statements are correct ( )
A. Comparison of experiments ① and ②, you can study the concentration of hydrochloric acid on the intensity of the reaction
B. Comparison of experiments ② and ③, you can study the concentration of hydrochloric acid on the intensity of the reaction
C. Comparison of experiments ② and ③, you can study the temperature of the reaction
C. Comparison of experiments ③, you can study the temperature of the reaction
C. C. Comparing experiments ② and ③, we can study the effect of temperature on the intensity of the reaction
D. Comparing experiments ① and ②, we can study the effect of temperature on the intensity of the reaction
29. (2011. Guangzhou) There are four kinds of metals: A, B, C, and D. A does not react with any of these metals even at high temperatures. A does not react with oxygen even at high temperatures. B, C and D can react with oxygen under certain conditions. An aqueous solution of a D salt can be held in a container made of C, but not in a container made of B. The four metals can be used in the same way. The order of activity of these four metals, from strongest to weakest, is ( )
A. A>B>D>C B. C>D>B>A
C. C>B>D>A D. B>D>C>A
30. (2011. Guang'an) Manganese (Mn) and nickel (Ni) are metals, insert a nickel wire into a manganese sulfate solution, no change; insert a nickel wire into a copper sulfate solution, copper precipitation on the nickel wire. Then Mn, Ni, Cu metal activity from weak to strong is correct ( ）
A. Mn Cu Ni B. Ni Mn Cu C. Cu Ni Mn D. Mn Ni Cu
31. (2011. Yantai City) the following comparison of the strength of the metal activity of the design of the experiment, the phenomenon and the conclusion of the correct ( ）
Options experimental design, phenomenon Conclusion (the activity of metals)
A Put aluminum wire in copper sulfate solution No phenomenon Cu>Al
B The same shape of magnesium bar and aluminum bar ignited into the oxygen cylinder Magnesium bar burned more intensely Mg>Al
C Zinc powder and iron wire into the same concentration of dilute hydrochloric acid Zinc powder produced bubbles at a faster rate than the iron wire Zn>Fe
D Separate iron wire and copper wire into the same concentration of dilute hydrochloric acid iron wire surface bubbles, copper wire no phenomenon Fe>Cu
32. (2011. Wuhan City, China) a factory discharged waste liquid contains a small amount of sulfuric acid and copper sulfate. Xiaojun students take the appropriate amount of waste liquid into a certain amount of zinc powder in the beaker, stirring, to be fully reacted after filtration, a small amount of slag and filtrate. On the experiment, the following statements are correct ( )
A. Before and after the reaction of the liquid acidity is weakened, the pH becomes smaller B. The filtrate obtained from the experiment is pure water, can be discharged directly
C. The filtrate must contain copper and zinc D. The reaction is a replacement reaction
33. (2011. Jining City, China) after studying the unit of metals, we know that Zn, Fe, Cu The order of activity of the three metals: Zn>Fe>Cu. In order to verify this conclusion, the following experimental design is reasonable ( )
A. Zn, Cu, two pieces of metal were put into dilute hydrochloric acid
B. Fe, Cu, two pieces of metal were put into dilute hydrochloric acid
C. Zn, Fe, two pieces of metal were put into CuCl2 solution
D. Zn, Cu two metal pieces were put into the FeCl2 solution
34. (2011. Dezhou City) a student in order to verify the order of activity of the three metals, zinc, silver, copper, designed five experiments: ① will be put into the dilute hydrochloric acid, Cu, respectively; ② will be put into the Cu (NO3) 2 solution; ③ will be put into the Cu AgNO3 solution; ④ will be put into the AgNO3 solution; ④ will be put into the Cu AgNO3 solution; ⑥ will be put into the AgNO3 solution; ⑥ will be put into the AgNO3 solution; ⑥ will be put into the AgNO3 solution; ⑥ will be put into the AgNO3 solution. solution; ④ put Cu into ZnSO4 solution; ⑤ put Zn into AgNO3 solution. The following experimental combinations can not verify the order of activity of zinc, silver, copper three metals is ( )
A. ① ② B. ① ③ C. ② ④ D. ① ⑤
35. (2011.Mianyang City) the same mass of Mg, Fe were dilute hydrochloric acid, the mass of H2 m (H2) and the volume of dilute hydrochloric acid added V (dilute hydrochloric acid) relationship is shown in the following diagram, which is correct Is ( ) [Source: Zxxk.Com] D
36. (2011. Nanchang) there are equal mass of A, B two metals, relative atomic mass Ar (A) A. The rate of hydrogen production A B. After the reaction, A, B must be remaining C. Consumption of dilute sulfuric acid and dilute hydrochloric acid must be unequal in mass D. Consumption of the mass of the B must be less than the mass of the A 37. (2011. Taizhou City) a dilute sulfuric acid into equal volumes of In two beakers, add an equal mass of two metals A and B. After the reaction, there is no metal left. The trend of the mass of H2 produced with time is shown in the figure. The following statements are correct ( ) A. A is more active than B B. The relative atomic mass of A must be smaller than that of B C. The reaction consumes an equal mass of sulfuric acid D. The reaction consumes an equal mass of the metal 38. (2011. Tianjin) Human production and life can not be separated from the metal. (1) The most abundant metallic element in the earth's crust is . (2) in the construction site in the open air placed in the steel is easy to rust, steel rust is actually iron and air chemical reaction, so in the steel surface oil, paint, etc., can prevent steel rust. (3) 10% dilute hydrochloric acid is commonly used in industrial production to remove the rust on the surface of iron products, the laboratory to prepare the hydrochloric acid 200g, it is necessary to use a measuring cylinder to measure the solute mass fraction of 38% of the concentrated hydrochloric acid (density of 1.19g / ml) ml (calculations are retained to 0.1); the laboratory in the preparation of 10% dilute hydrochloric acid in addition to measuring cylinders, burette, in addition to. The instruments that need to be used are . (1) aluminum (2) oxygen and water vapor (3) 44.2 beaker, glass rod 39. (2011. Nanchong City) Chemistry and our daily life is closely related to the development of chemical science promotes the progress of civilization of the human society and improves the quality of life. Please use chemical equations to explain the following questions: ① hydrochloric acid to remove rust from the surface of iron products, the basic type of reaction is ② life aluminum utensils in the air to form a protective film, the basic type of reaction is ① 6HCl + Fe2O 3 ＝ 2FeCl3 + 3 H2O decomposition reaction ② 4Al + 3O2 = 2Al2O3 Compound reaction 40. (2011. Jixi City) Lele, a labor-loving and observant student, found that the steel window in the kitchen was rusted more severely than the one in the bedroom when she helped her mother scrub the glass on Sunday. Please answer: (1) The reason for this phenomenon. (2) What can be done to prevent further rusting of this steel window without removing it? (3) Metal resources are limited and cannot be regenerated, in order to protect metal resources, in addition to preventing corrosion of metal, you have What other reasonable suggestions (answer a point can be)? (reasonable answers can) 41. (2011. Dalian City) aluminum, copper and iron are common metals in life. (1) Aluminum has good resistance to corrosion in air because . (2) The main reason for making wires from copper is that copper has good properties. (3) The rusting of iron products is actually a chemical reaction between iron and the air. Welding iron products, usually first with dilute hydrochloric acid to remove the surface rust, the reaction of the chemical equation for . One way to prevent rusting of iron railings is . (1) aluminum oxidation in the air to form a dense oxide film on the surface; (2) electrical conductivity; (3) water, oxygen Fe2O3+6HCl==2FeCl3+3H2O paint 42. (2011. Henan Province) (3 points) metal is an important class of materials, its application is very plant- generalized. (1) Aluminum was utilized later than copper and iron. The sequence of large-scale development and utilization of metals is related to the following. A. Activity of metals B. Conductivity of metals Conductivity of metals C. The amount of gold dust in the earth's crust (2) Why is it easier for the same iron railings to rust when installed in the south along the Zhentian region than in the north? (3) Write the chemical equation for cleaning rust (the main component is Fe2O3) with hydrochloric acid. (1)A (2)Iron tends to rust easily in humid air, and the air in the southern coastal areas is more humid and warmer. (3) Fe2O3 + 6HCl = 2FeCl3 ten 3H2O 43. (2011. Linyi City) the same mass of M, N two active metals, respectively, with a sufficient amount of dilute hydrochloric acid reaction at room temperature (M, N in the product of the valence of both +2), the mass of H2 generated m and the reaction time t of the relationship between the graph shown below right. (1) The order of metal activity is M than N (fill in "strong" or "weak"); the relative atomic mass of the relative original is M than N (fill in "large" or "small"). "small"). (2) At the end of the reaction between M and dilute hydrochloric acid, the mass of the solute in the dilute hydrochloric acid consumed is g. (1) Strong Small (2) 36.5 44. (2011. Guangzhou) (9 points) Iron and steel is the most used metal material. (1) Pig iron and steel are both iron alloys, of which the higher carbon content is _______________. (2) People often use "copper wall, iron wall" to describe the solidity of the object. But iron in certain conditions can also occur in a variety of reactions, such as iron wire burning in oxygen, the chemical equation of the reaction is __________________. (3)After adding mg of copper oxide to dilute sulfuric acid to dissolve completely, then add iron powder to react fully, filter, get the filtrate A and filtrate B. Then add the filtrate A to a sufficient amount of dilute sulfuric acid, there are bubbles of gas, after the full reaction, the mass of the remaining solid material is 12.8g ①The composition of the filtrate slag is __________, and the composition of filtrate B is _________________. ②The mass of the original copper oxide m = ________________g. (1) pig iron (2) (3) ① Cu, Fe FeSO4, H2O ② 16g 45. (2011. Neijiang City) railroads are often used to lay rails on the aluminum thermal reaction: 2Al + Fe2O3 = high temperature = 2Fe + Al2O3 The reaction shows that the activity of aluminum than iron (fill in "strong" or "weak"); gold is a precious metal, a variety of gold jewelry is easy to save, the main reason for the value of the collection is . Strong metal activity (or chemical inactivity or stable nature or difficult to react with other substances, etc.)