The main preventive measures for pressure ulcers include relieving pressure, reducing friction and shear, preventing moisture, and improving nutrition. Literature shows that clinical practice has generally emphasized the change of patient's body position, and turning over once every 1.2h is a simple and effective way to prevent pressure ulcers. Tools to prevent pressure ulcers include the application of various mattresses (e.g., water-filled, inflatable) and the application of various small cushions. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) acupuncture points and moxibustion also provide an effective way to prevent pressure ulcers in the clinic. For the use of circle-type air ring to prevent pressure ulcers in the process of circle-type pressure injury problems, a study using the separated air ring on the clinical comparison of 200 patients showed that the separated air ring anti-pressure ulcer cushion not only prevents pressure ulcers and prevents circle-type pressure injuries, but also promotes the healing of pressure ulcers. The appropriate nutritional support for patients with pressure ulcers is currently an often overlooked issue. There were only 2 articles about nutritional care for pressure ulcers in the literature searched, and no randomized controlled trial literature about nutritional care for pressure ulcers was retrieved.
Treatment of pressure ulcers
The largest number of papers on the treatment of pressure ulcers was found in the literature, ***47 articles or 56.63%. The main measures are western medicine, flushing medicine, physical therapy and surgery. Some studies show that albumin topical application plus Yunnan Baiyao topical treatment of pressure ulcers can not only improve the nutritional status of the ulcerated surface, but also improve the local blood circulation, make the sore surface dissipate bruising and swelling, activate blood circulation and relieve pain, and promote the healing of the sore surface. A study using moxibustion, drops of medicine, moisturizing burns cream (MEBO) combination of Chinese and Western medicine methods and traditional methods of treatment of pressure ulcers control study, the experimental group effectiveness rate of 100%, cure rate of 80%; control group effectiveness rate of 100%, cure rate of 44%, the difference between the two groups is statistically significant (P & lt; 0.01), the combination of Chinese and Western medicine methods to make the sore surface of the buds to grow rapidly, not scab, epithelial spread repair fast, short course of treatment and other advantages. A study showed that the efficacy of using moxa smoked moxibustion plus external application of moxa ash on stage II pressure ulcers was better than the effect of moxa treatment alone. A study of 76 patients with pressure ulcers using rehabilitation of new and silver sulfadiazine comparison study, the results show that rehabilitation of new in reducing pressure ulcer secretions, scabs, sore healing are better than silver sulfadiazine. Although there are many literature reports on the treatment and care of pressure ulcers, there is no authoritative guideline for the treatment of pressure ulcers in China. There are many conflicting views in the treatment of pressure ulcers that need to be further explored. Moreover, the clinical practice regarding pressure ulcer care varies greatly from hospital to hospital or ward to ward, so it is essential to screen for good treatments through a large-sample randomized controlled study.