An operating system is a collection of system software that manages computer hardware resources, controls the operation of other programs and provides an interactive interface for the user.
The operating system is a key component of a computer system, responsible for managing and configuring memory, determining priorities for supplying and demanding system resources, controlling input and output devices, operating networks and managing file systems, among other essential tasks. There are many types of operating systems, and the operating systems installed on various devices can range from simple to complex, from embedded operating systems for cell phones to large operating systems for supercomputers.
The main popular modern operating systems are Android, BSD, iOS, Linux, Mac OS X, Windows, Windows Phone, and z/OS, with the exception of a few operating systems such as Windows and z/OS, most of which are Unix-like operating systems.
Operating systems are divided into three main categories:
I. Desktop operating systems
Desktop operating systems are mainly used on personal computers. Linux Mint, Suse Linux, Fedora, etc.);
2. Microsoft Windows operating systems[2]: Windows XP, Windows Vista, Windows 7, Windows 8, etc.
Two, the server operating system
Server operating system generally refers to the operating system installed on large computers, such as Web servers, application servers and database servers. Now the server operating system as long as the focus on three major categories:
1, Unix series: SUN Solaris, IBM-AIX, HP-UX, FreeBSD, etc.;
2, Linux series: Red Hat Linux, CentOS, Debian, Ubuntu, etc.;
3, Windows series: Windows Server 2003, Windows Server 2008, Windows Server 2008 R2 and so on.
Three.
Embedded operating systems
Embedded operating systems are applied to the operating systems of embedded systems. Embedded systems are widely used in all aspects of life, covering a range from portable devices to large fixed installations, such as digital cameras, cell phones, tablet PCs, home appliances, medical equipment, traffic lights, avionics and factory control equipment. There are many kinds of embedded operating systems, and the widely used operating systems include embedded Linux, Windows CE and other embedded operating systems that can be easily cut and ported, as well as Android, iOS, Symbian, Windows Phone and BlackBerry OS, which are widely used in smartphones and tablet PCs. operating systems.
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