Technology Trivia What is Nano 1. What is Nanotechnology Science and Technology
Nanoscience and technology is the study of atoms, molecules and other types of matter in the ten millionths of a meter (10-8) to billionths of a meter (10-9 meters) within the study of the movement and change; at the same time, in the scope of the scale of the atoms, molecules, to Manipulation and processing of atoms and molecules within this scale is also known as nanotechnology.
With the tip of a scanning tunneling microscope, atoms are arranged one by one into Chinese characters, which are only a few nanometers in size.
What is a nanometer? A nanometer is a unit of measurement of size or dimension: kilometer (103 ) → meter → centimeter → millimeter → micron → nanometer (10-9),4 times the size of an atom, one ten-thousandth of the thickness of a hair.
Biological science and technology, information science and technology, nanotechnology, science and technology is the mainstream of scientific and technological development in the next century. Biological science and technology in the understanding of genes, resulting in genetically modified organisms technology, can cure stubborn diseases, but also can create a natural world does not exist; information science and technology so that people can sit at home to know the world's events, the Internet can almost change people's lifestyle.
Nanoscience is the study of the movement and change of atoms, molecules, and other types of matter within ten millionths of a meter (10-8) to billionths of a meter (10-9 meters); at the same time, manipulation of atoms and molecules within this scale is also known as nanotechnology.
Reductionism: the motion of matter is reduced to the level of atoms and molecules. Atomic theory and quantum mechanics have achieved great success. Organic synthesis; molecular biology; genetically modified foods, cloned sheep; atomic spectroscopy and lasers; solid state electron theory and IC; geometric optics to fiber optic communications. The great achievements of classical physics, chemistry, and mechanics in the macrocosm: computers and networks, spaceships, airplanes, automobiles, robots, and so on have changed the way people live
Science and technology have epistemic blind spots or cracks in the edifice of human knowledge. On one side of the crack is the micro-world of atoms and molecules, and on the other bank is the macro-world of human activities. There is not a direct and simple connection between the two worlds, there is a transition zone - the nanoworld.
Example: molecular synthesis ≤ 1.5nm, → in vivo microelectronics at 0.2μm, microsurgery can only connect large, small, microvascular ≤ PM10 and PM1.5 particles. 50s, Qian Lao "physical mechanics" is one of the precursors of the attempt to connect the two worlds.
Ten atoms, molecules, or thousands of atoms, molecules, "combined" together, showing both different from the nature of individual atoms, molecules, as well as different from the nature of large objects. This "combination" is called "supramolecular" or "artificial molecules". "Supramolecular" properties, such as melting point, magnetism, capacitance, electrical conductivity, luminosity and dye, color and water solubility have significant changes. When the "supramolecule" continues to grow or in the usual way to aggregate into large pieces of material, the peculiar properties will be lost again, like really some of the children can not grow up.
The understanding of new laws and how to manipulate or combine and detect and apply them in systems consisting of a small number of electrons, atoms, or molecules at a scale of 10 nm - the main problem of nanoscience and technology.
Materials and preparation: lighter, stronger and designable; long life and low maintenance; materials with specific properties or materials that do not exist in nature to be constructed at the nanometer level with new principles and structures; biomaterials and bionanomaterials; diagnosis and repair of nanoscale damages in the process of destruction of materials; microelectronics and computer technology: the realization of the chip with a line of 100 nm in 2010, nanotechnology. The goals are: nanostructured microprocessors with a million-fold increase in efficiency; high-frequency network systems with 10 times the bandwidth; megabits of memory (1,000-fold increase); integrated nano-sensor systems;
fast, efficient gene cluster sequencing and gene diagnostics and gene therapy technologies; new methods of administering medication and drug 'missile' technologies; durable, human-friendly, artificial tissues and organs; restorative and hearing restoration devices; nanosensor systems for early diagnosis of diseases. Low-energy, irradiation-resistant, high-performance computers; nano-testing, control and electronic devices for micro-spacecraft; nanostructured coating materials that resist thermal barriers and wear.
Development of green energy and environmental treatment technologies to reduce pollution and restore damaged environments; nanoporous materials with 1 nm pore size as catalyst carriers; MCM-41 ordered nanoporous materials (10-100 nm pore size) to get rid of dirt; nanoparticle-modified polymeric materials. Preparation of biologically active proteins, ribosaccharides, nucleic acids, etc. on the nanoscale according to predetermined size, symmetry and arrangement. Implantation of biomaterials in nanomaterials and devices produces integrated properties with biological and other functions. In addition, biomimetic chemicals and biodegradable materials, genetic improvement and treatment of plants and animals, gene chips for the determination of DNA, etc.
2. What is Nanotechnology
Nanotechnology - Basic Concepts Arranging Xenon atoms into IBM using nanotechnology Nanoscience and technology, sometimes abbreviated to nanotechnology, is the study of the structural sizes of materials within the range of 0.1 to 100 nanometers in terms of their properties and applications.
After the invention of the scanning tunneling microscope in 1981, a discipline was born to study the molecular world in terms of lengths from 0.1 to 100 nanometers, with the ultimate goal of constructing products with specific functions directly from atoms or molecules. Therefore, nanotechnology is actually a technology that uses individual atoms and molecules to range matter.
Nanotechnology is a highly cross-cutting and comprehensive discipline, and the research involves a broad field of modern science and technology. Nanoscience and technology mainly includes: nanosystem physics, nanochemistry, nanomaterials, nanobiology, nanoelectronics, nanofabrication, nanomechanics, etc .
These seven relatively independent and interpenetrating disciplines and the three research areas of nanomaterials, nanodevices, and nanoscale detection and characterization. The preparation and research of nanomaterials is the foundation of the whole nanotechnology.
Among them, nanophysics and nanochemistry are the theoretical basis of nanotechnology, while nanoelectronics is the most important content of nanotechnology. From the research so far, about nanotechnology is divided into three concepts: The first one, is the molecular nanotechnology proposed by the American scientist Dr. Drexler in 1986 in the book "The Machine of Creation".
According to this concept, a machine for combining molecules can be made practical, so that all kinds of molecules can be combined arbitrarily and any kind of molecular structure can be made. This concept of nanotechnology has yet to make significant progress.
The second concept positions nanotechnology as the limit of micromachining technology. That is, technologies that artificially create nanometer-sized structures through nanometer-precision "machining.
This nanoscale processing technology also makes semiconductor miniaturization is about to reach its limit. Theoretically, even with the development of existing technologies, the limit will eventually be reached because, if the line width of the circuit is gradually reduced, the insulating film that makes up the circuit will become extremely thin, which will destroy the insulating effect.
In addition, there are problems with heat and wobble. To solve these problems, researchers are working on new types of nanotechnology.
The third concept was developed from a biological perspective. Originally, organisms had nanoscale structures within cells and biofilms.
The development of DNA molecular computers, cellular biocomputers, became an important element of nanobiotechnology. Nanotechnology-Technology Overview In 1993, the first International Nanotechnology Conference (INTC) was held in the United States, which promoted the development of nanotechnology by dividing nanotechnology into six branches: nanophysics, nanobiology, nanochemistry, nanoelectronics, nanofabrication technology, and nanometrics.
Due to the special, magical and extensive nature of this technology, it has attracted many excellent scientists from all over the world to work hard for it. Nanotechnology generally refers to the nanoscale (0.1 a 100nm) materials, design, manufacturing, measurement, control and product technology.
Nanotechnology mainly includes: nanoscale measurement technology: nanoscale surface physical and mechanical properties of the detection technology: nanoscale processing technology; nanoparticle preparation technology; nanomaterials; nanobiology technology; nano-assembly technology and so on. Nanotechnology - development history Nanotechnology was inspired by a lecture given by the late physicist Richard Feynman in 1959 entitled "There is still a lot of room at the bottom".
The professor, who was teaching at Caltech at the time, presented a new idea to his colleagues. Since the Stone Age, all of mankind's technologies, from sharpening arrowheads to photolithographic chips, have had to do with chipping or fusing hundreds of millions of atoms at once in order to make useful forms out of matter.
Why, Van Mann questioned, can't we start from a different angle, assembling from individual molecules or even atoms to get what we want? He said, "It seems to me, at least, that the laws of physics do not preclude the possibility of making things atom by atom." Richard Feynman A key breakthrough in nanotechnology came in 1990 when scientists at IBM's Almaden Research Center succeeded in rearranging individual atoms.
Using a device called a scanning probe, they slowly moved 35 atoms into their respective positions to form the three letters IBM. This proved that Feinman was right; the two letters together were not even three nanometers long.
Soon, scientists were able to manipulate not only individual atoms, but also "spray atoms". Using molecular beam outgrowth techniques, scientists learned how to make extremely thin films of specialized crystals, one molecule at a time.
This technology is currently used to make computer hard disk readers. Famous physicist and Nobel Prize winner Richard Feynman predicted that humans can use small machines to make smaller machines, and eventually it will turn out to be according to human wishes, one by one, the arrangement of atoms, manufacturing products, which is the earliest dream about nanotechnology; the 70s, scientists began to put forward ideas about nanotechnology from different perspectives, and in 1974, scientists Don Nigucci first used the term nanotechnology to Describe the precision machining; 1982, scientists invented an important tool for the study of nanometer - scanning tunneling microscope, for us to reveal a visible world of atoms and molecules, the development of nanotechnology has positively contributed to the role of nanotechnology; July 1990, the first International Conference on Nanoscience and Technology, organized in the United States in Baltimore, marked the official birth of nanoscience and technology. Marking the official birth of nanoscience and technology; In 1991, carbon nanotubes were discovered by mankind, its mass is one-sixth of the same volume of steel, but the strength is 10 times that of steel, becoming a hot spot of nanotechnology research, Nobel Prize-winning chemist Prof. Smalley that carbon nanotubes will be the preferred material for the best fibers in the future, and will be widely used in ultramicro wires, ultramicro switches, and nanoscale electronic circuits; In 1993, following the 1989 Stanford University, the United States to move the atom cluster "write" Stanford University English, the United States International Business Machines Corporation in 1990 in the nickel surface with 36 xenon atoms discharged "IBM", the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Vacuum Physics Laboratory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing vacuum after manipulating atoms to successfully write the word "China", marking the beginning of China's position in the international field of nanotechnology; 1997, American scientists for the first time successfully used a single electron to move a single electron, the use of this technology is expected to be developed in 20 years after the success of the speed and storage capacity than the current thousands of times higher The quantum computer.
3. What is nanotechnology
Nanotechnology (nanotechnology) is the science and technology that uses individual atoms and molecules to create matter, and to study the properties and applications of materials with structural dimensions ranging from 1 to 100 nanometers.
Nanoscience and technology is a science and technology based on many modern advanced science and technology, it is dynamic science (dynamic mechanics) and modern science (chaos physics, intelligent quantum, quantum mechanics, mesoscopic physics, molecular biology).
And modern technology (computer technology, microelectronics and scanning tunneling microscope technology, nuclear analysis technology) combination of the product of nanoscience and technology will lead to a series of new science and technology, such as: nanophysics, nanobiology, nanochemistry, nanoelectronics, nanoprocessing technology and nanometrology.
Expanded Information:
1, nanometer is a unit of measurement of geometric size, 1 nanometer = one millionth of a millimeter.
2. Nanotechnology has led to a technological revolution.
3. Drugs made with nanotechnology can block capillaries and "starve" cancer cells.
4. If nano-integrated devices are used on satellites, the satellites will be smaller and easier to launch.
5. Nanotechnology is a multi-scientific synthesis, and some of the goals will take a long time to realize.
6, nanotechnology and information science and technology, life science and technology is the current mainstream of scientific development, their development will make human society, living environment and science and technology itself become better.
7. Nanotechnology can observe the lesions and conditions of cancer cells in the patient's body, allowing doctors to prescribe the right medicine.
References:
4. What is Nano
For a period of time, nanotechnology has frequently appeared in the media, about nanotechnology, nanomaterials, and the application of nanotechnology to make the superiority of the product is also widely publicized.
So, what is nanotechnology? This article introduces this knowledge for beginners. . Nanometer, a unit of length, symbolized as nm.
1 nanometer = 1 millimicron = 10 meters (both one billionth of a meter), which is about the length of 10 atoms. Assuming that a hair has a diameter of 0.05 millimeters, and it is dissected radially and evenly into 50,000 strands, the thickness of each strand is about 1 nanometer.
. 1, the meaning of nanotechnology . The so-called nanotechnology, refers to the scale of 0.1 ~ 100 nanometers, the study of electrons, atoms and molecules within the laws of motion and characteristics of a new technology. Scientists in the study of the composition of matter in the process, found in the nanometer scale isolated a few, dozens of countable atoms or molecules, significantly show many new characteristics, and the use of these characteristics to manufacture equipment with specific functions of the technology, known as nanotechnology.
. The main difference between nanotechnology and microelectronics technology is: nanotechnology research is to control individual atoms, molecules to achieve specific functions of the device, is the use of the volatility of electrons to work; and microelectronics technology is mainly through the control of the electronic group to achieve its function, is the use of electrons to work on the particle nature. The purpose of people's research and development of nanotechnology is to achieve effective control of the entire microcosm.
. Nanotechnology is a comprehensive discipline with strong intersectionality, and the research involves a wide range of modern science and technology.In 1993, the International Nanotechnology Steering Committee divided nanotechnology into six sub-disciplines such as nanoelectronics, nanophysics, nanochemistry, nanobiology, nanofabrication and nanometrology.
Among them, nanophysics and nanochemistry are the theoretical basis of nanotechnology, while nanoelectronics is the most important content of nanotechnology. . 2, the characteristics of nanoelectronic devices . Nanotechnology to manufacture electronic devices, its performance is greatly superior to traditional electronic devices: . Fast working speed, nanoelectronic devices work 1000 times faster than silicon devices, which can make the product performance greatly improved.
Low power consumption, the power consumption of nanoelectronic devices is only 1/1000 of that of silicon devices.
The information storage capacity is large, in a less than palm-sized 5-inch CD-ROM, it can store at least 30 Beijing library's entire collection of books.
Small size, light weight, can make all kinds of electronic products volume and weight greatly reduced. For a period of time, nanotechnology has appeared frequently in the media, and the superiority of nanotechnology, nanomaterials, and products made with nanotechnology has been widely publicized.
So what is nanotechnology? This article introduces this knowledge for beginners. . Nanometer, a unit of length, symbolized as nm.
1 nanometer = 1 millimicron = 10 meters (both one billionth of a meter), which is about the length of 10 atoms. Assuming that a hair has a diameter of 0.05 millimeters, and it is dissected radially and evenly into 50,000 strands, the thickness of each strand is about 1 nanometer.
. 1, the meaning of nanotechnology . The so-called nanotechnology, refers to the scale of 0.1 ~ 100 nanometers, the study of electrons, atoms and molecules within the laws of motion and characteristics of a new technology. Scientists in the study of the composition of matter in the process, found in the nanometer scale isolated a few, dozens of countable atoms or molecules, significantly show many new characteristics, and the use of these characteristics to manufacture equipment with specific functions of the technology, known as nanotechnology.
. The main difference between nanotechnology and microelectronics technology is: nanotechnology research is to control individual atoms, molecules to achieve specific functions of the device, is the use of the volatility of electrons to work; and microelectronics technology is mainly through the control of the electronic group to achieve its function, is the use of electrons to work on the particle nature. The purpose of people's research and development of nanotechnology is to achieve effective control of the entire microcosm.
. Nanotechnology is a comprehensive discipline with strong intersectionality, and the research involves a wide range of modern science and technology.In 1993, the International Nanotechnology Steering Committee divided nanotechnology into six sub-disciplines such as nanoelectronics, nanophysics, nanochemistry, nanobiology, nanofabrication and nanometrology.
Among them, nanophysics and nanochemistry are the theoretical basis of nanotechnology, while nanoelectronics is the most important content of nanotechnology. . 2, the characteristics of nanoelectronic devices . Nanotechnology to manufacture electronic devices, its performance is greatly superior to traditional electronic devices: . Fast working speed, nanoelectronic devices work 1000 times faster than silicon devices, which can make the product performance greatly improved.
Low power consumption, the power consumption of nanoelectronic devices is only 1/1000 of that of silicon devices.
The information storage capacity is large, in a less than palm-sized 5-inch CD-ROM, it can store at least 30 Beijing library's entire collection of books.
Small size and light weight, can make all kinds of electronic products volume and weight greatly reduced.
5. What is Nanotechnology
Nanotechnology, also known as nanotechnology, is a technology that studies the properties and applications of materials with structural dimensions in the range of 1 nanometer to 100 nanometers.
After the invention of the scanning tunneling microscope in 1981, a door was born to study the molecular world with a length of 1 to 100 nanometers, and its ultimate goal is to construct products with specific functions directly from atoms or molecules. Therefore, nanotechnology is actually a technology to create matter from individual atoms and molecules.
From the research so far, about nanotechnology is divided into three concepts:
1, is the molecular nanotechnology proposed by the American scientist Dr. Drexler in 1986 in the book "The Machine of Creation". According to this concept, machines for combining molecules can be made practical, so that all kinds of molecules can be combined at will and any kind of molecular structure can be created. This concept of nanotechnology has yet to make significant progress.
2. Nanotechnology is positioned as the limit of micromachining technology. That is, through nanometer precision "processing" to artificially form nanometer-sized structure technology. This nanoscale processing technology, but also make the semiconductor miniaturization is about to reach the limit.
Theoretically, even with the development of existing technologies, the limit will be reached, because if the line width of the circuit is gradually reduced, the insulating film that makes up the circuit will become extremely thin, and the insulating effect will be destroyed. In addition, there are problems such as heat generation and wobbling. To solve these problems, researchers are working on new types of nanotechnology.
3, from the biological point of view and proposed. Originally, biology in the cell and biofilm within the existence of nanoscale structures. the development of DNA molecular computers, cellular biocomputers, become an important element of nanobiotechnology.
Extended information:
Applications:
Current research and applications of nanotechnology are mainly in materials and preparation, microelectronics and computer technology, medicine and health, space and aviation, environment and energy, biotechnology and agricultural products. Devices made from nanomaterials are lighter in weight, harder, longer in life, cheaper to maintain, and easier to design.
Using nanomaterials, it is also possible to make materials with specific properties or materials that do not exist in nature, to make biomaterials and biomimetic materials.
1. Nanometer is a unit of measurement of geometric size, 1 nanometer = one millionth of a millimeter.
2. Nanotechnology has led to a technological revolution.
3. Drugs made with nanotechnology can block capillaries and "starve" cancer cells.
4. If nano-integrated devices are used on satellites, the satellites will be smaller and easier to launch.
5. Nanotechnology is a multi-scientific synthesis, and some of the goals will take a long time to realize.
6, nanotechnology and information science and technology, life science and technology is the current mainstream of scientific development, their development will make human society, living environment and science and technology itself become better.
7. Nanotechnology can observe the cancer cell lesions and conditions in the patient's body, allowing doctors to prescribe the right medicine.
Expanded Information:
Baidu Encyclopedia - Nanotechnology
6. What is nanoscience and technology
In the 1990s in the scientific and technological press, the terms "nanomaterials" and "nanotechnology" often appeared. What is "nanomaterials"? Commonly, is the size of only a few nanometers of very small particles composed of materials. 1 nanometer for one billionth of a meter, with the naked eye can not be seen. However, materials composed of nanoparticles have many specific properties. Therefore, scientists also call them "ultra-particle" materials and "new materials of the 21st century". Nanomaterials are not entirely recent. The most primitive nanomaterials appeared in China in the 12th century B.C., that is, the four treasures of the Chinese literati --- ink, ink is an important component of smoke. In fact, the smoke is formed by many ultra-particulate carbon black, and the process of manufacturing smoke and ink includes the so-called nanotechnology.
In 1984, a German scientist Gleiter (Gleiter) to some extremely fine invisible metal powder with a special method of pressing into a small metal block, and the internal structure and performance of this small metal block to do a detailed study. The results found that this metal surprisingly showed many incredible special metal properties and internal structure. The peculiarity of this material he produced is that the general physical concept considers the orderly arrangement of crystals as the main body of the substance, while the defects and impurities in it are secondary and should be removed by all means. Gellett crushed the material into very small particles and then combined, in fact, the interface defects as the main body of the material, by the tiny particles pressed into the metal block is a two-component material, there is a crystalline component and interface component, the interface component accounted for 50% of the atoms in the crystalline component is still the original orderly arrangement, and in the interface component, there are a large number of interfacial defects, the arrangement of atoms in the order of the change, when the two-component material to the nanometer scale, this material is a very special material. When the two-component material system to the nanometer level, this special structure of the material constitutes a nanomaterial, which began the study of nanomaterials and nanoscience and technology.
In 1987, Germany and the United States at the same time reported the successful preparation of titanium dioxide nanoceramics (particle size of 12 nanometers), this ceramic is much better than the deformation properties and toughness of single-crystal and coarse-crystal titanium dioxide ceramics. For example, nanoceramics can withstand bending deformation at 180°C without cracks, and nanoceramic parts, even if they start with cracks, will not expand after a certain degree of bending deformation.In 1989, scientists at the U.S. Commercial Machine Company (IBM) moved xenon atoms with a scanning tunneling microscope (STM), which was invented only in the 1980s, and spelled out the three letters of the alphabet IBM with them, and then In 1990, the first nanoscience and technology conference was successfully held in the United States, marking the birth of a microscopic fundamental theories and contemporary high-tech closely integrated with the new disciplines - nanoscience and technology. 1991, IBM scientists made the speed of 20 billion times per second xenon. In 1996, IBM's research institute in Zurich developed the world's smallest "abacus", which has only nanometer-sized beads and is made of the famous "carbon" buckyball C60. This "abacus" is only nanometer-sized and made of the famous "carbon" Buckyball C60.
7. What does "nanotechnology" mean
For a period of time, nanotechnology has appeared frequently in the media, nanotechnology, nanomaterials, and the application of nanotechnology in the manufacture of the superiority of the product is also widely publicized. So, what is nanotechnology? This article introduces this knowledge for beginners.
. Nanometer, is a unit of length, the symbol for nm. 1 nanometer = 1 millimicron = 10 meters (both one billionth of a meter), about the length of 10 atoms. Assuming that the diameter of a hair is 0.05 millimeters, it is radially dissected into 50,000 roots, each of which is about 1 nanometer thick.
. 1, the meaning of nanotechnology
. The so-called nanotechnology, refers to the scale of 0.1 ~ 100 nanometers, the study of electrons, atoms and molecules within the laws of motion and characteristics of a new technology. Scientists in the study of the composition of matter in the process, found in the nanometer scale isolated a few, dozens of countable atoms or molecules, significantly show many new characteristics, and the use of these characteristics of the manufacture of equipment with specific functions of the technology, known as nanotechnology.
. The main difference between nanotechnology and microelectronics technology is: nanotechnology research is to control individual atoms, molecules to achieve specific functions of the device, is the use of the volatility of electrons to work; and microelectronics technology is mainly through the control of the electronic group to achieve its function, is the use of electrons to work on the particle nature. The purpose of people's research and development of nanotechnology is to achieve effective control of the entire microcosm.
. Nanotechnology is a highly cross-cutting and comprehensive discipline, and the research involves a wide range of modern science and technology.In 1993, the International Nanotechnology Steering Committee divided nanotechnology into six sub-disciplines such as nanoelectronics, nanophysics, nanochemistry, nanobiology, nanofabrication and nanometrology. Among them, nanophysics and nanochemistry are the theoretical basis of nanotechnology, while nanoelectronics is the most important element of nanotechnology.
. 2, the characteristics of nanoelectronic devices
. The performance of electronic devices made with nanotechnology is greatly superior to that of traditional electronic devices:
. Fast working speed, nanoelectronic devices work 1000 times faster than silicon devices, which can greatly improve product performance. Low power consumption, nano-electronic devices, power consumption is only 1/1000 of the silicon device. information storage capacity, in a less than palm-sized 5-inch CD-ROM, at least 30 Beijing Library can be stored in all the collection of books. Small size, light weight, can make all kinds of electronic products volume and weight greatly reduced.
8. What is nanotechnology
For a period of time, nanotechnology has appeared frequently in the media, nanotechnology, nanomaterials, and the application of nanotechnology to create the superiority of the product is also widely publicized. So, what is nanotechnology? This article introduces this knowledge for beginners.
. Nanometer, is a unit of length, the symbol for nm. 1 nanometer = 1 millimicron = 10 meters (both one billionth of a meter), about the length of 10 atoms. Assuming that the diameter of a hair is 0.05 millimeters, it is radially dissected into 50,000 roots, each of which is about 1 nanometer thick.
. 1, the meaning of nanotechnology
. The so-called nanotechnology, refers to the scale of 0.1 ~ 100 nanometers, the study of electrons, atoms and molecules within the laws of motion and characteristics of a new technology. Scientists in the study of the composition of matter in the process, found in the nanometer scale isolated a few, dozens of countable atoms or molecules, significantly show many new characteristics, and the use of these characteristics of the manufacture of equipment with specific functions of the technology, known as nanotechnology.
. The main difference between nanotechnology and microelectronics technology is: nanotechnology research is to control individual atoms, molecules to achieve specific functions of the device, is the use of the volatility of electrons to work; and microelectronics technology is mainly through the control of the electronic group to achieve its function, is the use of the particle nature of electrons to work. The purpose of people's research and development of nanotechnology is to achieve effective control of the entire microcosm.
. Nanotechnology is a highly cross-cutting and comprehensive discipline, and the research involves a wide range of modern science and technology.In 1993, the International Nanotechnology Steering Committee divided nanotechnology into six sub-disciplines such as nanoelectronics, nanophysics, nanochemistry, nanobiology, nanofabrication and nanometrology. Among them, nanophysics and nanochemistry are the theoretical basis of nanotechnology, while nanoelectronics is the most important element of nanotechnology.
. 2, the characteristics of nanoelectronic devices
. The performance of electronic devices made with nanotechnology is greatly superior to that of traditional electronic devices:
. Fast working speed, nanoelectronic devices work 1000 times faster than silicon devices, which can greatly improve product performance. Low power consumption, nano-electronic devices, power consumption is only 1/1000 of the silicon device. information storage capacity, in a less than palm-sized 5-inch CD-ROM, at least 30 Beijing Library can be stored in all the collection of books. Small size, light weight, can make all kinds of electronic products volume and weight greatly reduced.