Japan Air Self-Defense Force to establish "air defense on the ocean" system is the Japan Air Self-Defense Force to achieve from "exclusive defense" to "active defense" strategy change is an important measure. According to the speed of weapons and equipment replacement, the JASDF will basically establish an "oceanic air defense" system by 2010. That is, the Japanese islands as the center, in its surrounding waters, to defend the mainland and within 1000 nautical miles of the sea lines of communication security air defense system.
The Japan Air Self-Defense Force is an air and air defense forces in one force, not large, but well-equipped weapons and equipment, well-trained personnel, is one of the few countries in the Asian region equipped with F-15 fighters, and its air interdiction capability is second only to the United States and Israel, and can be said to be the degree of information technology in Asia is second to none of the air force. The Self-Defense Forces currently have 45,500 personnel and 370 combat aircraft organized into seven aviation wings. The Ground Air Defense Force*** has four wings with 120 launchers and 17 Patriot surface-to-air missile units. The system will be a combination of homeland air defense, oceanic air defense, land air defense, maritime air defense and missile defense as one of the air defense system, consists of reconnaissance, early warning and command and control system, peripheral air defense and interception system, regional air defense and interception system, point air defense system, and air strike system and other five parts of the system, the formation of both the interception of ballistic missiles, and interception of airborne attack aircraft, but also on the enemy's important facilities, "preemptive strikes The comprehensive combat capability of "pre-emptive strike" against the enemy's important facilities. The basic procedure for its operation is: the activities of enemy ballistic missiles and warplanes are closely monitored by reconnaissance and early-warning satellites, ground radars and airborne early-warning aircraft; if the enemy's attempts to launch air strikes are identified, the missile early-warning satellites and early-warning aircraft carry out position measurements, and through the automated command-and-control system, they issue operational commands to the airborne troops and air-defence missile units that are responsible for the task of intercepting them, and they are the first to carry out strikes against the enemy's missile installations and airports. If enemy missiles have been launched and enemy aircraft have taken off, interception operations will be actively organized. At the same time, early warning and refueling aircraft are deployed to support combat aircraft in carrying out interception operations in distant sea airspace. At the same time, the land, sea and air self-defense missiles of the Self-Defense Forces deployed in the mainland and the Aegis air defense system of the Maritime Self-Defense Forces are used to intercept the missiles and enemy aircraft that have escaped the net, forming a multi-layered interception system that covers the far, medium and near areas, and the high, medium and low levels. At present, the Japan Air Self-Defense Force has formed a reconnaissance and early warning system composed of reconnaissance aircraft, early warning aircraft and ground radar. The 501st Reconnaissance Squadron is responsible for aerial reconnaissance and surveillance, and the Air Defense Command Flight also undertakes certain reconnaissance and surveillance missions. The 501st Reconnaissance Squadron has 12 RF-4EJKai reconnaissance planes, which were modified on the basis of F-4 "Ghost" and put into use in the 70's. In 1992, the Japanese Air Self-Defense Forces modified the planes, firstly, by installing the KS-146B camera to take long-distance oblique photographs, and secondly, by installing the KS-95B, 135A camera and the D-500UR infrared and electronic reconnaissance system to provide real-time imagery. system to provide real-time imagery. The Air Defense Command (ADC) flight group is equipped with 13 YS-11 transport aircraft, 2 of which have been retrofitted with J/ALQ-5 jammers to become electronic warfare aircraft, and the model has been changed to the YS-E type. Four others were modified with ALR-1 signal reconnaissance equipment to become signal reconnaissance aircraft. The last two modified aircraft had a major improvement in performance, using the more advanced J/ALR-2 signal reconnaissance equipment, to the level of an electronic warfare aircraft. In October 2003, the Air Self-Defense Force (ASDF) used this type of reconnaissance aircraft to monitor North Korea's ballistic missile launches. Airborne Early Warning Aircraft (AWACS) is the main airborne early warning mission of the JASDF. 1977, the JASDF began to introduce the E-2C AWACS from the U.S., and in 1983, it formed the Temporary Vigilance Air Wing (TVAW) at Misawa Air Base. Currently, the JASDF*** has 13 E-2C AWACS aircraft, which are mainly used for air patrols in northern and northeastern Japan and the central Sea of Japan, but are mainly used at sea and have a narrow range of use. After the end of the Cold War, and especially in the current situation of increasing terrorist attacks, Japan believes that the air threats it faces are expanding, and the variety of threats is increasing. In order to expand the scope of early warning, in the late 1990s, the JASDF began ordering E-767 large-scale early warning aircraft from the United States with superior performance. In the early 2000s, all four E-767 AWACS were delivered and put into active service. After refueling, the aircraft can maintain 24-hour airborne alert, which can fully meet the requirements of the Japan Air Self-Defense Force (JASDF) for "air defense on the ocean". In addition, the Air Self-Defense Force has 28 ground radar stations for early warning of air attacks. Currently used radar mainly includes J/TPS-100, 101, J/FPS-1, -2 and -3 and other types of three-coordinate radar, radar maximum detection range of 650 kilometers. Among them, the J/FPS-3 type radar is the most advanced, using active phased array technology, can be sent to the radio-guided missiles decoy waves, anti-missile electronic warfare. The Japanese Air Self-Defense Force's airborne early warning and command aircraft have reached a world-leading level, but these facilities are still primarily used for reconnaissance surveillance and early warning of airborne attack aircraft, and the early warning capability against ballistic missile attacks is weak. In order to improve its early warning capability for ballistic missile attacks, the JASDF is mainly strengthening the development of the following aspects. First, it is actively developing reconnaissance satellites to improve its missile warning capability. The Japanese Defense Agency has been authorized to spend 1.25 to 2.05 billion U.S. dollars in 2003 to develop and launch four multi-purpose intelligence-gathering satellites of the "Arctic" series, including two optical reconnaissance and two synthetic aperture radar (SAR) satellites. two satellites (one each of the optical and SAR satellites) have been successfully launched in March 2003, and have the capability of discriminating between objects on the ground of up to 1-meter in size such as trucks and cars. The latter two satellites were successfully launched in November of the same year. In November of the same year, the launch of the latter two satellites failed due to a rocket explosion, and the two satellites were destroyed. Japan plans to launch four more in 2009 can distinguish the ground 50 centimeters the size of objects of the new generation of reconnaissance satellites, in order to improve the "vision". According to this plan, by 2010, Japan will have at least eight reconnaissance satellites, and its strategic reconnaissance and early warning capabilities will be greatly improved. Secondly, the development of unmanned reconnaissance aircraft and high-performance long-range reconnaissance aircraft will improve the effectiveness of reconnaissance. The Japanese Defense Agency allocated 260 million yen in 2003 to carry out research on unmanned reconnaissance aircraft. The unmanned aircraft developed will have a wingspan of 46 meters, the same as that of a Boeing-767 aircraft, and will be equipped with an optical camera, radar and infrared search device, etc., and is required to be able to photograph military facilities located in the inland areas of the Korean Peninsula even when flying on the high seas. It is planned that the aircraft will begin program design and wind tunnel tests in 2003. In addition, the Japan Air Self-Defense Force will purchase two high-performance long-range reconnaissance aircraft. The new reconnaissance aircraft can fly 12,000 kilometers continuously without landing and can fly from Japan to the Malacca Strait and back to Japan. Third, the four E-767 early warning aircraft delivered in 2000 will be put into operational use as soon as possible. It is said that the use of this type of aircraft will increase the air defense effectiveness of the Japan Air Self-Defense Force (JASDF) by 30 to 35 times, and increase its ability to intercept and shoot down incoming targets by 35 to 150 percent. In addition, the Air Self-Defense Force has also improved its 13 E-2C early warning aircraft, improved E-2C will be available for service until 2020, and E-767 supporting the use of each other in order to play each other's advantages. Fourth, the development and replacement of new ground radar to improve early warning capabilities. Air Self-Defense Force plans to replace all the existing ground radar this year into a superior performance of the J/FPS-3 type fixed three-coordinate radar and J/TPS-102 type mobile three-coordinate radar, after the replacement of its ground radar will be able to effectively track long-range high-altitude and short-range low altitude and high-speed targets, early warning time will be increased from the current 7 minutes to 10 minutes. In addition, the Japanese Air Self-Defense Force will also develop J/FPS-X new three-coordinate radar. This radar has a high degree of automation, strong early warning capability, can detect stealth aircraft and tactical missiles, will be equipped with troops around 2010, and gradually replace the existing J/FPS-3 radar. In the new century, the Japan Air Self-Defense Force weapons and equipment development focus is to realize the weaponry and equipment of long-range, high-power and high-performance, to ensure that Japan "something" or Japan's surrounding "something" can be carried out, including striking the enemy's home base, including the oceanic air defense operations. Specific development plans include: Continuing to equip and improve the F-15J fighter aircraft. The JASDF currently has more than 200 J and DJ (trainer) F-15s, and by 2010 plans to increase the total number to 213. By that time, the JASDF will have entered the "F-15 era". At the same time, the Japan Air Self-Defense Force from 1997 onwards began to carry out large-scale modernization of the type of aircraft, modifications include the replacement of the improved APG-63 (V) 1 new fire control radar, central computer and a new type of data link to strengthen air-to-air and air-to-ground communications, has been modified four squadrons, from 2003 onwards will be another three squadrons to be modified, modified aircraft life will extend to 2028. The lifespan of the modified aircraft will be extended to 2028. Stepping up the retrofitting and development of airborne weapon systems to improve combat effectiveness. The first step is to develop air-to-air missile systems. Given that the current radar-guided Sparrow AIM-7F medium-range missiles and infrared-guided Rattlesnake AIM-9L air-to-air combat missiles are technologically outdated, the JASDF will develop its own advanced air-to-air missiles. In the medium-range missiles, Japan has developed a successful AAM-4. This type of missile is the use of composite guidance, the overall performance is close to or more than the U.S. AIM-120 medium-range missiles, with the launch of no matter what the function of the interception of cruise missiles, air-to-surface missiles, and other small targets, and has a very strong anti-electronic jamming capabilities, finalized in 2001 and a large number of equipment for use in the army. In terms of close combat missiles, Japan has developed the AAM-3 air-to-air missile. This type of missile is a copy and improvement of the 9L Rattlesnake missile, but in maneuverability, anti-jamming and target capture capability are better than the Rattlesnake missile. The AAM-3 has been in service since 1991. In addition, the JASDF began development of the XAAM-5 short-range air-to-air missile in 1998. This missile adopts the composite guidance method of infrared plus imaging and thrust vector technology, mobility and anti-jamming will be greatly improved, and it is planned to be successfully developed and equipped for use by the troops before 2010, gradually replacing the AAM-3 combat missiles. The second is the development of air-to-ground (sea) weapon systems. Japan Air Self-Defense Force can use the air-to-ground (sea) weapon system is very limited, of which, the most advanced weapon is in the ASM-1 based on the improvement of the ASM-2 airship missile. To further improve operational effectiveness, the JASDF is developing the ASM-3 supersonic airship missile. This type of missile adopts ramjet engine, and will choose active and passive radar or infrared imaging end-range guidance, with a range of 200 kilometers, and is expected to be successfully developed and put into use around 2010. Actively introducing aerial refueling tankers to increase the combat radius of warplanes. According to the Japanese Army's new 5-year plan (2001-2005), the JASDF will introduce four aerial refueling tankers by 2005 at a cost of 100 billion yen. At present, has been initially selected C-17, KC-10, KC-135 and Boeing-767 models as candidates, but the Boeing-767 model is more likely, the reason is that the introduction of maintenance and spare parts replenishment can be introduced with the E-767 AWACS and the government aircraft Boeing-767-400 type aircraft. According to the analysis, the Japanese Air Self-Defense Force by 2010 to equip at least eight aerial refueling aircraft. This could more than double the range of combat aircraft. At the same time, the JASDF will also introduce three medium-range transport aircraft to improve long-range maneuvering operations and oceanic air defense capabilities. In order to defend against missile attacks from neighboring countries, the Japan Defense Agency formally put forward the request for the establishment of a missile defense system in the 2004 budget, and is preparing to revise the "Defense Plan Outline" and the Medium-Term Defense Force Construction Plan (2001-2005), which are the basic guidelines for Japan's defense forces, in order to raise funds for the development of a missile defense system. The missile defense system to be developed will be a joint and coordinated theater missile defense system of the three Self-Defense Forces (land, sea and air), including a missile early warning system, a missile interception system and a command and control system. Early warning system, in addition to including the Japanese Maritime Self-Defense Force's "Aegis" shipboard AN/SPY-1A phased array radar, E-767 and E-2C early warning aircraft and ground-based over-the-horizon radar as well as future development of reconnaissance and surveillance satellites will be an important part of it. Missile interception system, in addition to the Maritime Self-Defense Force's "Aegis" destroyers equipped with "Javelin" Ⅲ anti-aircraft missiles, the Air Self-Defense Force's "Patriot" surface-to-air missiles will be the mainstay of missile interception. In order to improve the Japanese missile defense system, in addition to Japan and the United States joint development of rocket motors and missile tracking systems and other projects, the Japanese Air Self-Defense Force is mainly engaged in the following two development work: First, the development of the "Patriot" Ⅲ-type surface-to-air missiles to improve the efficiency of missile interception. The experience of the Gulf War shows that the Patriot II missile has some anti-missile capability, but it is very unsatisfactory, with an interception success rate of less than 20%. Therefore, the Japan Air Self-Defense Force plans to allocate 666 million U.S. dollars in 2004 to the United States to buy six sets of improved "Patriot" Ⅲ low-altitude missile systems, the first set of systems will be deployed in the Tokyo area to defend the capital. According to the agreement between Japan and the United States, Japan will complete the initial operation of the defense system before 2008, and complete the full deployment of the six missile systems in 2011. Currently, the command and control systems of the land, sea and air forces are separate and not yet linked together, severely restricting the improvement of the joint missile defense capability. In order to enhance the missile defense capability, the Japanese army decided that it will be in the next five years, will merge the land, sea and air self-defense force combat command system. Japan Defense Agency has introduced a new generation of central command and control system in 2001, the land, sea and air Self-Defense Force command system for networking. The system will consist of a centralized system, the Land Self-Defense Force Staff, the Maritime Self-Defense Force Staff, the Air Self-Defense Force Staff, and five major systems such as intelligence support, equipped with an ultra-large, intelligent computer hub system. After the completion of the system, Japan's land, sea and air Self-Defense Forces can realize information **** enjoy. In line with this, Japan Air Self-Defense Force will further improve the existing air defense operations command and control system, focusing on comprehensively improve the command and communication capabilities and rapid response capability. Since 1998, Japan's three armed forces joint "defense data communication network" officially opened, the Japan Air Self-Defense Force has begun to build the entire Air Self-Defense Force command and communication network, the Air Force General Operations Command System, Support Group Command System and Supply Headquarters Command System into a single entity, to further improve the command and control capabilities of the Japan Air Self-Defense Force and the ability to respond quickly. In order to ensure the smooth flow of command information, the Japan Air Self-Defense Force has also developed a variety of security systems to strengthen network protection capabilities.