General knowledge of sewage treatment plant safety 1. sewage treatment plant should pay attention to what safety measures
Precautions for the safe operation of sewage treatment plant
1. into the well, pool operators safety precautions
(1) down the well, pool operators must be trained in safety techniques, know the basic methods of artificial first aid
(1) the well, pool operators must be trained in safety techniques, know the basic methods of manual first aid, understand the use of protective gear, lighting equipment and communication equipment. The basic method of manual first aid, understand the use of protective equipment, lighting equipment and communication equipment.
(2) In depth myopia, high blood pressure, heart disease and other serious chronic diseases and traumatic sores have not yet healed shall not be engaged in wells, pools and other operations.
(3) The operator must wear the necessary protective equipment when going down the well.
(4) When someone is working in the well, there should be two people on the well to supervise.
(5) Each time to go down the well operation time should not exceed 1 hour.
2. Safety precautions for the pump room catchment basin
The role of the catchment basin to regulate the imbalance between the amount of incoming water and the pump's pumping capacity, to avoid frequent startups of the pump, the general requirements of the catchment basin's effective volume is not less than the maximum of one of the pump's pumping capacity of 5min.
Sewage containing toxic, hazardous or flammable volatile substances, the pool should be set up as a closed pool in the pool plane distance between the two largest ventilation holes, is the pool above the liquid surface of the air to form the maximum degree of convection, and in the appropriate location to install the exhaust air emissions, and, if necessary, the installation of fans to force the ventilation, and sometimes in the part of the operator inspection must be through the set of Toxic gas signs.
3. Wastewater treatment plant harmful gas poisoning prevention
In the sewage pipeline and treatment plant of various structures and wells, there may be harmful to the human body gas. These harmful gases are complex and varied, according to the different ways of harm, they can be divided into two categories of toxic and harmful gases and flammable and explosive. Poisonous and harmful gases mainly through the respiratory organs of the human body to cause harm, causing the occurrence of poisoning.
2. Sewage treatment workers inspect the safety of what matters
1.1 Operation and management requirements 1. Operation management personnel must be familiar with the plant treatment process and facilities, equipment, operational requirements and technical indicators.
2. Operators must understand the plant's treatment process and be familiar with the operational requirements and technical indicators of the facilities and equipment in their positions.
3. Each position should have a process system network diagram, safety regulations, etc., and should be shown in obvious parts.
4. Operation management personnel and operators should be required to inspect the structures, equipment, electrical and instrumentation operation.
5. The operators of each position should make the operation record on time. The data should be accurate.
6. Operators should deal with or report to the competent authority when they find abnormal operation.
7. All kinds of mechanical equipment should be kept clean, no water leakage, air leakage and so on.
8. Water treatment structures weir, pool walls should be kept clean and intact.
9. According to the requirements of different mechanical and electrical equipment, should be regularly checked, add or replace the lubricating oil or grease.
1.2 Safe Operation Requirements
1. The operators and maintenance personnel of each position must undergo technical training and production practice, and only after passing the examination can they be put on duty.
2. Starting the equipment should be carried out after making preparations for starting.
3. Power supply voltage is greater than or less than 5% of the rated voltage, it is not suitable to start the motor.
4. The operator should open and close the electrical switch according to the electrician's operating procedures.
5. All kinds of equipment maintenance must be disconnected, and should be suspended in the switch maintenance sign before operation.
6. Rain or snow and ice weather, the operator in the structure of the tour or operation, should pay attention to anti-skid.
7. Clean up the electromechanical equipment and the surrounding environmental health into, is strictly prohibited to wipe the running parts of the equipment, rinse water shall not splash to the cable head and motor charged parts and lubrication parts.
8. The operators of each position should wear complete labor insurance products, and do a good job of safety precautions.
9. Should be equipped with protective life-saving facilities and supplies in the obvious location of the structure.
10. Strictly prohibit non-job personnel to open and close the post of electromechanical equipment.
1.3 Maintenance Requirements
1. Operation management personnel and maintenance personnel should be familiar with the maintenance regulations of electromechanical equipment.
2. The structure of the structure and all kinds of gate valves, guardrails, climbing ladders, pipelines, etc. should be regularly inspected, repaired and anticorrosive treatment, and damaged lighting equipment should be replaced in time.
3. Should often check and fasten the various equipment connectors, regular replacement of coupling wear parts.
4. All kinds of pipeline gate valves should be opened and closed regularly. 5. Regular inspection and cleaning of electrical control cabinets should be carried out, and their various technical properties should be tested.
6. The electric gate valve limit switch, manual and electric interlocking device should be checked regularly.
7. After each stoppage of the pump, the sealing condition of the packing or oil seal should be checked and necessary treatment should be carried out. And fill or replace the packing, lubricating oil and grease as needed.
8. Where there is a wire rope device, rope wear is greater than 10% of the original diameter, or one of the strands have been broken, must be replaced.
9. All kinds of machinery and equipment should be done in addition to routine maintenance, but also according to the design requirements or manufacturer's requirements for large, medium and small repairs.
10. Overhaul of various types of machinery and equipment, according to the requirements of the equipment, must ensure that its coaxiality, static balance and other technical requirements.
11. Repair equipment shall not be replaced out of the lubricating oil, grease, laboratory wastewater and other debris thrown into the sewage treatment facilities.
12. Maintenance of machinery and equipment, shall not be arbitrarily connected to the temporary power line.
13. Buildings, structures and other lightning, explosion-proof device testing, maintenance and its cycle should be in line with the provisions of the electricity industry and the fire department.
14. Regular inspection and replacement of fire protection facilities and other protective equipment.
3. Wastewater treatment plant operators need to pay attention to what aspects of safety
The following is the basic flow of wastewater treatment plant treatment process:
Modern wastewater treatment plant wastewater treatment technology, according to the degree of treatment, can be divided into primary, secondary and tertiary treatment.
Primary treatment, the main removal of sewage in a suspended state of solid pollutants, most of the physical treatment method can only complete the requirements of primary treatment. After primary treatment of sewage, BOD can generally remove about 30%, not up to discharge standards. Primary treatment belongs to the pretreatment of secondary treatment.
Secondary treatment, the main removal of sewage in the colloidal and dissolved state of organic pollutants (BOD, COD substances), the removal rate of up to 90% or more, so that organic pollutants to meet the discharge standards.
Tertiary treatment, further processing of difficult to degrade organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus can lead to eutrophication of the water body, such as soluble inorganic substances. The main methods are biological denitrification and phosphorus removal method, coagulation and precipitation method, sand rate method, activated carbon adsorption method, ion exchange method and electro-osmosis analysis method.
The whole process is through the coarse grid deletion of raw sewage through the sewage lifting pump after lifting, through the grid deletion or sieve rate, and then into the sand sedimentation tank, after the sand and water separation of sewage into the initial sedimentation tank, the above for the first level of treatment (i.e., physical treatment), the primary sedimentation tank of the effluent into the biological treatment equipment, there are activated sludge and biofilm method, (which activated sludge method of the reactor aeration tank, oxidation ditch, etc.), biofilm method includes biofilter, and biofilm method includes biofilter. (The reactors of activated sludge method include aeration tank, oxidation ditch, etc., and biofilm method includes biofilter, bio-turntable, bio-contact oxidation and bio-fluidized bed), the effluent of the biological treatment equipment enters into the secondary sedimentation tank, and the effluent of the secondary sedimentation tank is disinfected and discharged or enters into the tertiary treatment, which is the end of the primary treatment to the secondary treatment, and the tertiary treatment includes the biological nitrogen removal and phosphate removal, coagulation and sedimentation, sand filtration, activated carbon adsorption, ion exchange and electro-dialysis method. Part of the sludge from the secondary sedimentation tank is returned to the primary sedimentation tank or biological treatment equipment, part of it enters the sludge thickening tank, and then it enters the sludge digestion tank, and after dewatering and drying equipment, the sludge is finally utilized.
4. Sewage treatment workers should master what basic knowledge
As a sewage treatment worker's main task is to ensure that the normal operation of the entire sewage treatment system and ensure that the sewage discharge standards. As a sewage treatment workers, to be familiar with all the processes in their own jurisdiction, to understand the main role of each section of the equipment, to be familiar with the sewage section indicators.
Specifically to do the following:
1, the sewage treatment site inspections, diligent observation, and seriously do a good job of the relevant records to ensure that the accuracy of the recorded data and the true
sex;
2, regular sewage treatment equipment to carry out simple maintenance work, to ensure that the equipment to achieve the basic needs of sewage treatment;
3, to be able to solve some of the emergencies, to avoid serious consequences of the sewage treatment. Some emergencies, to avoid serious consequences;
4, on time to measure the water quality of the outlet and the key sections of the water quality, timely grasp of the basic operation of the sewage treatment station.
5. Wastewater treatment operators must know
The main is to break the valve, do not need professional knowledge, but have maintenance experience, will be more competitive, want to be better on the self-study a little knowledge of electricity enough; dry laboratory at least to college and the professional needs and laboratory related; dry debugging junior high school has recruited, but most of the requirements of high school and above, will be welding or electrical installations can increase competitiveness, professional knowledge requirements both low and high quality. Can increase the competitiveness of professional knowledge requirements are both low and high, the general design of the company's strong professional knowledge requirements are not high, as long as the commissioning in accordance with the design of the instructions can be done.
The design of the weak will rely on the commissioning staff, so that the commissioning staff at least half of the top design, in addition to this position sometimes need laboratory knowledge; dry construction generally to college and above, professional knowledge of the need for civil construction experience, equipment installation experience, electrical installation experience, generally in the construction and installation companies have done it is enough; dry design at least a junior college, building professional electrical specialties, process specialties. Education is not enough to do operations and then change the commissioning or construction, the ability to change the design of even strong, but this may be less and less.
Generally small companies are designed to construction debugging is a person to do, large and medium-sized companies are separate, not enough education can find a large company to do operations or find a medium-sized company to do debugging, small companies also have the opportunity, but the small company is generally not a lot of business, and there is often no engineering, no construction and debugging when there may be no work. Treatment of general operations ≤ laboratory knowledge, you need to understand the following knowledge: environmental engineering, environmental engineering microbiology, chemistry, laboratory analysis, machinery, water supply and drainage knowledge.
Depending on the nature of the work you are engaged in to determine, if you just do sewage treatment operators, need to understand will be a little simpler, if engaged in environmental protection companies, technicians, need to learn more, education, I feel that the requirements should not be very large, high school or more, willing to learn, there is a period of time to learn, you can learn very well. You can go to the self-test and so on to get a degree, if only into a large sewage treatment plant or to the sewage treatment station of the enterprise, you can go to the Labor Bureau to take a sewage treatment operator's qualification, before the examination, there will also be relevant training, but also enough to use.