3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, has been developed rapidly in recent years, and the application fields are increasing. I have organized a brief discussion of 3d printing technology paper, welcome to read!
An introduction to 3d printing technology thesis a3D printing technology
Abstract: 3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, has been rapid development in recent years, the application field is increasing. This paper analyzes the principle and application status of 3D printing, and discusses the application mode of 3D printing in the field of teaching.
Keywords: 3D printing; application status quo; teaching field
1 Introduction
3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, is a kind of rapid prototyping technology, which is known as ? an important symbol of the third industrial revolution ? , known for its ? manufacturing flexibility? and ? saving raw materials? characteristics have created a wave in the manufacturing industry. In recent years, with the gradual maturity and precision of 3D printing technology, the increase in the variety of printing materials, the reduction of printing prices, 3D printing has been rapid development, the application fields are increasing, not only in the field of machinery manufacturing, national defense and military industry, construction and other fields have been widely used, but also gradually entered the public field of vision into the schools, families, hospitals and other places familiar to the public, in the education, biomedical, toys, and other industries also Has received widespread attention and application, as educators, this paper will introduce the principle of 3D printing, advantages, application of the current situation on the basis of focusing on the role of 3D printing in the field of education and the application mode.
2 3D Printing Overview
2.1 3D Printing Principle
3D printing (3D printing, also known as three-dimensional printing), is a technology that utilizes a well-designed 3D model to create a three-dimensional product by adding materials such as plastics, powdered metals, and other materials layer by layer through a 3D printer [1]. Generally speaking, obtaining an item through 3D printing requires four processes such as modeling, segmentation, printing, and post-processing [2], in which the 3D virtual model, which can be obtained by using scanning equipment to obtain the 3D data of the item and digitally generate a 3D model, or a 3D model created by using engineering or design software, such as AutoCAD, and some applications can even use ordinary digital photographs to create 3D models, such as 123D Catch [3].
2.2 Advantages of 3D Printing
Compared with traditional manufacturing technologies, 3D printing does not require prior mold making or casting of prototypes, which greatly shortens the product design cycle, reduces the time from R&D to application of the product, and reduces the risk of high costs that may be incurred by enterprises due to inappropriate molding, which makes it relatively easy to make special and complex structural models, and the product is more capable of Highlight the personalization. In addition, 3D printing is additive manufacturing, the use of metal powder or other materials, so that parts are manufactured from scratch, greatly reducing the consumption of raw materials and energy, the production of the implementation of structural optimization.
2.3 Status of the application of 3D printing
In recent years, 3D printing has been rapidly developed, and is used in almost every field. In the field of mold processing and mechanical manufacturing, the use of 3D printing is relatively fast for the design and customization of molds, the printing of complex shapes of various parts, and the printing of personalized geometric shapes of objects with sufficient strength. In the field of aerospace and defense industry, 3D printing is used in shape verification, prototyping of key components, and direct product manufacturing. For example, Airbus started by printing small parts of an airplane, gradually developed, and plans to print an entire airplane around 2050. In the field of biomedicine, medical practitioners use 3D printing technology to print a patient's heart model, a model of a defective jawbone, and a patient's traumatic intracerebral hematoma cranial model, etc., which are used to assist in the diagnosis and development of pre-operative surgical plans, reducing the difficulty of surgery, reducing the time of surgery, and bringing precise treatment to patients. The printing of artificial vertebrae and human tracheal cartilage has made 3D printing of human organs possible. 3D printed prescription drug product SPRITAM (levetiracetam) tablets can be used for the treatment of various epilepsy diseases. In the field of construction engineering, 3D printed buildings do not require the use of templates, the printed buildings are lightweight, strong, short time, generating less construction waste and construction dust, and can be recycled, green and environmental protection. 3D printing is also widely used in the design and production of jewelry, food, toys, and daily necessities, which can well highlight the user's personalized features and needs. 3D printing has also been used in the manufacture of solar panels and special materials. The application of 3D printing in the manufacture of solar panels and special materials has also had a breakthrough.
3 3D printing in the field of teaching
3D printing in the teaching of exploratory activities have also been carried out, and applied in most of the disciplines of mathematics, aviation, electronics, design, electromechanical engineering, biomedical, astronomy and other disciplines, and achieved good teaching results. Based on the rapid generation capability of 3D printing, the digital model can be quickly transformed into a three-dimensional object, with the help of three-dimensional object generation process and the use of the teaching effect can be improved to enhance the students' ability to cooperate, design, innovation and so on.
3.1 Printing 3D teaching aids and learning aids to assist teaching
In the course of teaching, with the help of multimedia teaching tools, some abstract images can be relatively intuitive display, but for the group, the formation of a temporary visual experience, the impression is not very deep, and is not easy to understand. With the help of 3D printing, the digitized images can be transformed into physical teaching and learning aids, each student has the opportunity to feel in person, but also can be personally designed, planned, undoubtedly on the understanding of the knowledge points, the mastery of knowledge and the application of a great role in promoting. For example: math class can print out geometric surfaces, sections of three-dimensional objects; animation design can print out 3D characters, animal role models, and can be modified in a timely manner according to the effectiveness; language class can be explained to print out the region, such as Beijing's hutongs, students can take the model to understand the characteristics of the hutongs, hutong culture experience, about the ins and outs of the hutongs; mechanical engineering class can be based on the course content printing Related parts, gears, connecting rods and so on.
3.2 Internship practice process to assist innovative design
Vocational school internship practice teaching activities are more, clamping internship, CNC machine tool internship, electronic and electrical internship, animation design, Internet of Things design, etc., all need to rely on the corresponding model, and design a certain model. With the help of 3D printing, students have a general understanding of the model they need to design, and then after the collective group discussion, design, modification and other processes, not only can increase students' interest in learning, promote students' interactive learning, collaborative learning, and can improve students' design level, thinking ability and practical ability. For example, in the mold design internship, the use of project-based teaching method, the application of 3D printing, student group design, group printing, students witnessed their own design parts printing and molding process and the finished product, learning interest increased, the process of multiple discussions and modifications also greatly enhance the level of student design. In the practical aspects of the CAD course, the use of 3D printers, can be designed according to the teaching needs of the teaching content, the students' design works 3D print out for evaluation and assembly, not only to enable students to master the design software modeling of the basic ideas and processes, but also on how to generate from the design of works to the specific physical object has a clear understanding of how to be conducive to the further learning and development of students in the future.
3.3 Employment and Entrepreneurship Guidance
In recent years, the number of college graduates has increased dramatically, the employment pressure increases, the state vigorously advocate entrepreneurship among college students, the whole society has also emerged as a wave of self-employment. For students in vocational schools, there is a certain amount of professional knowledge, strong hands-on ability, entrepreneurial enthusiasm and passion. With the help of 3D printing equipment, entrepreneurship instructors can guide students to create a creative design 3D printing studio, using the professional knowledge they have learned, designing relevant products and printing them out for sale, as well as providing DIY services for social customers, charging a certain amount of training fees and production fees, and also providing design and 3D printing services for cooperative enterprises on the basis of school-enterprise cooperation. Through the 3D printing of the above entrepreneurial practice activities, deepen students' consolidation of professional knowledge, understanding of the design process, and develop innovative entrepreneurial awareness and ability.
3.4 Library Application
The introduction of 3D printing service in libraries is a way for libraries to move from literature service to innovation service. Many foreign libraries are carrying out 3D printing services, domestic comprehensive libraries, such as the Shanghai Library, Suzhou Library also carries out 3D printing services, the library of Shanghai Jiao Tong University in the university also carries out 3D printing services, and actively promote this service by organizing the 3D printing design competition, popularize the knowledge of 3D printing through the competition, so that students can understand the cutting-edge science and technology of 3D printing, and inspire students to use innovation to find problems and solve problems intelligently. Thinking to find problems, wisdom to solve problems. School libraries can be equipped with one or two 3D printers, and on the basis of ensuring health and safety, give full consideration to the cost, submission steps, waiting and screening time, etc., develop a detailed 3D printing system or policy, and encourage students to print original works to give play to the students' professional expertise, and stimulate students' creativity and imagination.
4 Conclusion
3D printing is moving from industry, to various application fields. In the near future, it will also enter our society and every family like computers, cell phones and the Internet. Educators should actively utilize this new technology to promote the innovation of teaching mode and teaching activities, to better improve the quality of teaching and teaching effect, and to improve students' practical ability and innovation level.
References
[1] Zhang Feixiang. Research on the development status of 3D printing technology and its business model [J]. News Communication, 2016(2): 51-53.
[2] Li Qing, Wang Qing. 3D printing-an emerging learning technology[J]. Journal of Distance Education 2013(4): 29-35.
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