Catalog
Introduction
Rationale for use
Basic performance
Connector categories and definitions in general
Levels of interconnections
Levels of connector specifications
Definition of connector in our country
Connector product categories
Connector model naming
Overview of Connector Market Development
Direction of Development
Renowned Connector Manufacturers China
Japan
USA
Europe
Not Distinguished by Country
Market Prospects and Application Trends Consumer Electronics Connector Market
Medical Electronics Connector Market
Mobile Phone Connector Market
Automotive Connector Market
Computer Connector Market
Connector Market Information USB 3.0 Connector
HDMI Connector
IEEE Connector
FPC/FFC Connector
RF Coaxial Connector
Optical Fiber Optic Connectors
DisplayPort Connectors
Introduction to Common Connectors
Rationale for Use
Basic Properties
Connector Categories and Definitions General Overview
Levels of Interconnections
Levels of Connector Specifications
Definition of Connectors in China
Product Categories of Connectors
Model Naming of Connectors
Overview of Connector Market Development
Direction of Development
Renowned Connector Manufacturers China
Japan
U.S.A.
Europe
Not Distinguished by Country (Region)
Market Outlook and Application Trends Consumer Electronics Connector Market
Medical Electronics Connector Market
Mobile Phone Connector Market
Automotive Connector Market
Computer Connector Market
Connector Market Information
USB 3.0 Connector HDMI Connector IEEE Connector FPC/FFC Connector RF Coaxial Connector Fiber Optic Connector DisplayPort ConnectorsCommon ConnectorsExpandEditIntroduction
Connectors
A connector is a component that we electronic engineers and technicians come into contact with on a regular basis. Its role is very simple: in the circuit is blocked or isolated between the circuit, build a bridge to communicate, so that the current flow, so that the circuit to achieve the intended function. Connector is an indispensable part of electronic equipment, along the current flow path observation, you will always find one or more connectors. Connector form and structure is ever-changing, with the application object, frequency, power, application environment, etc., there are a variety of different forms of connectors. For example, the connector used to light a lamp on a ball field is very different from the connector used to light a hard disk drive, or the connector used to light a rocket. However, regardless of the type of connector, it is necessary to ensure smooth, continuous and reliable flow of current. In general terms, the connector is not limited to current, in the rapid development of optoelectronics technology today, fiber-optic systems, the carrier of the signal is light, glass and plastic instead of ordinary circuit wires, but the optical signal path also use connectors, their role and the circuit connector is the same.
Edit the reason for use
Imagine what it would be like if there were no connectors. This is when circuits are permanently connected to each other with a continuous conductor, such as an electronic device to be connected to a power supply, the ends of the connecting wires must be fixed with the electronic device and the power supply by some method (e.g. soldering). Circular shaft connector
This way, both for the production and use, have brought a lot of inconvenience. Take a car battery for example. Assuming that the battery cable is fixed welded to the battery, automobile manufacturers to install the battery has increased the workload, increased production time and cost. Battery damage needs to be replaced, but also to send the car to the repair station, desoldering removal of the old, and then welded on the new, for which to pay more labor costs. With the connector can eliminate a lot of trouble, buy a new battery from the store, disconnect the connector, remove the old battery, install the new battery, reconnect the connector can be. This simple example illustrates the benefits of connectors. It makes the design and production process easier and more flexible, reducing production and maintenance costs. Benefits of connectors: 1, improve the production process Connectors simplify the assembly process of electronic products. Also simplifies the mass production process; 2, easy to repair If an electronic component failure, equipped with a connector can quickly replace the failed component; 3, easy to upgrade With technological advances, equipped with a connector can be updated with new components, with new, more complete components instead of the old; 4, to improve the flexibility of the design The use of connectors so that engineers in the design and integration of new products, as well as components to form a system with greater flexibility. The use of connectors gives engineers greater flexibility in designing and integrating new products and in composing systems from meta-components.
Edit the basic performance
The basic performance of the connector can be divided into three main categories: that is, mechanical properties, electrical properties and environmental performance. Another important mechanical property is the mechanical life of the connector. Mechanical life is actually a durability (durability) indicators. It is an engagement, separation for a cycle, in order to specify the engagement, separation cycle after the connector can normally complete its connection function (such as contact resistance value) as the basis for judgment. Connector
1. Mechanical properties of the connection function, insertion and extraction force is an important mechanical properties. Insertion force is divided into insertion force and pull-out force (pull-out force is also known as separation force), the two requirements are different. In the relevant standards have the maximum insertion force and minimum separation force provisions, which indicates that, from the point of view of the use, the insertion force should be small (so that there is a low insertion force LIF and no insertion force ZIF structure), while the separation force is too small, it will affect the reliability of the contact. Connector insertion and extraction force and mechanical life with the structure of the contact parts (the size of the positive pressure) the quality of the contact part plating (coefficient of sliding friction) and the contact parts of the arrangement of dimensional accuracy (alignment). Electrical properties of the connector's main electrical properties, including contact resistance, insulation resistance and resistance to electricity. ① contact resistance of high-quality electrical connectors should have a low and stable contact resistance. Connector contact resistance from a few milliohms to tens of milliohms. ② insulation resistance measure of electrical connector contact and contact between the shell and the insulation between the indicators, the order of magnitude of hundreds of megohms to thousands of megohms. ③ electric strength or voltage resistance, dielectric withstand voltage, is characterized connector between the contact parts or contact parts and the shell between the ability to withstand the rated test voltage. Other electrical properties. Electromagnetic interference leakage attenuation is to evaluate the connector of electromagnetic interference shielding effect, electromagnetic interference leakage attenuation is to evaluate the connector of electromagnetic interference shielding effect, generally in the 100MHz ~ 10GHz frequency range test. For RF coaxial connectors, there are characteristic impedance, insertion loss, reflection coefficient, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) and other electrical indicators. Due to the development of digital technology, in order to connect and transmit high-speed digital pulse signals, there is a new type of connector that is a high-speed signal connector, accordingly, in terms of electrical performance, in addition to the characteristic impedance, there are also some new electrical indicators, such as crosstalk (crosstalk), transmission delay (delay), time lag (skew) and so on. 3. Environmental performance of common environmental performance, including temperature, humidity, salt spray, vibration and shock. ① temperature currently the connector's maximum operating temperature of 200 ℃ (except for a few high-temperature special connectors), the minimum temperature of -65 ℃. Connector
As the connector works, the current at the contact point produces heat, resulting in temperature rise, so it is generally believed that the operating temperature should be equal to the ambient temperature and the temperature rise of the contact point of the sum. In some specifications, the connector is clearly specified in the rated operating current of the maximum allowable temperature rise. ② Resistant to the intrusion of humidity moisture will affect the connection h insulation properties, and corrosion of metal parts. Constant humidity and heat test conditions for the relative humidity of 90% to 95% (according to product specifications, up to 98%), the temperature +40 ± 20 ℃, the test time according to the product, at least 96 hours. Alternating humidity and heat test is more stringent. ③ salt spray connector in the environment containing moisture and salt work, its metal structure, contact surface treatment layer may produce galvanic corrosion, affecting the physical and electrical properties of the connector. In order to evaluate the ability of electrical connectors to withstand this environment, the salt spray test is prescribed. It is the connector suspended in a temperature-controlled test chamber, with a specified concentration of sodium chloride solution sprayed with compressed air, the formation of salt spray atmosphere, the exposure time specified by the product specification, at least 48 hours. ④ vibration and shock resistance to vibration and shock is an important performance of the electrical connector, in special application environments such as aviation and aerospace, railroads and road transportation is particularly important, it is to test the mechanical structure of the electrical connector ruggedness and reliability of the electrical contact of the important indicators. There are clear provisions in the relevant test methods. Impact test should be specified in the peak acceleration, duration and impact pulse waveform, as well as the time of interruption of electrical continuity. ⑤ other environmental performance according to the use of requirements, the other environmental performance of the electrical connector sealing (air leakage, liquid pressure), liquid impregnation (the ability to resist vices of specific liquids), low air pressure and so on.
Editorial connector categories and definitions
General
As the structure of the connector is increasingly diversified, new structures and areas of application continue to appear, trying to use a fixed pattern Connector
to solve the problem of categorization and nomenclature, has become difficult to adapt. Nevertheless, some basic classifications remain valid.
Levels of interconnection
Based on the functions of internal and external connections in electronic devices, interconnection (interconnection) can be divided into five levels. ① Internal connection of the chip package ② Connection of the IC package pins to the PCB. Typical connector IC socket. ③ printed circuit and wire or printed board connection. Typical connectors are printed circuit connectors. ④ Connection of baseboard to baseboard. Typical connectors are cabinet connectors. ⑤ Connection between equipment and equipment. Typical products are circular connectors. Levels ③ and ④ have some overlap. Among the five levels of connectors, the highest market value is for products in the ③ and ⑤ levels, and the fastest-growing products are currently in the ③ level.
Levels of connector specifications
In accordance with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) classification, connectors belong to the electromechanical components of electronic equipment, the specifications of the hierarchy as follows: Category (family) Example: Connector Sub-category (sub-family) Example: Circular connector Type (type) Example: YB type circular connector Variety (style) Example: YB3470 Specifications (variant)
Definition of connectors in China
In China's industry management, connectors and switches, keyboards, etc., collectively referred to as the electrical plug components, and electrical plug components and relays are collectively referred to as electromechanical components.
Connector product categories
Connector product type of division, although some confusion, but technically, the connector product categories only two basic delineation Connector
Division approach: ① according to the shape of the structure: circular and rectangular (cross-section), ② according to the operating frequency: low-frequency and high-frequency (to 3MHz as a boundary). In accordance with the above division, coaxial connectors belong to the circular, printed circuit connectors belong to the rectangular (from the historical point of view, printed circuit connectors are indeed separated from the rectangular connector to form a class of its own), while the current popular rectangular connector with a trapezoidal cross-section, similar to the rectangular. 3MHz as the boundary between low-frequency and high-frequency and radio wave frequency division is also basically the same. As for the other according to the use, installation, special structure, special performance can also be divided into many different types, and often appear in publications and manufacturers of promotional materials, but generally only to highlight a feature and use, the basic classification is still not beyond the above principles of division. Taking into account the technological development of the connector and the actual situation, from its generality and the relevant technical standards, the connector can be divided into the following categories (subclasses): ① low-frequency circular connectors; ② rectangular connectors; ③ printed circuit connectors; ④ RF connectors; ⑤ fiber optic connectors.
Connector model naming
Connector model naming is the customer procurement and manufacturer to organize the basis of production. In the connector industry at home and abroad, there are two ideas for product model naming: one is to use the letter code plus the number of approaches, and strive to reflect the main structural features of the product in the model naming. The benefits of this approach is easy to identify, but the arrangement is too long, too complex, with the miniaturization of the connector, to bring a lot of difficulties in printing. At present, this approach is still popular in China, and in some industry standards and even national standards made provisions, such as SJ2298-83 (printed circuit connectors), SJ2297-83 (rectangular connectors), SJ2459-84 (ribbon cable connectors), GB9538-88 (ribbon cable connectors) and so on. Due to the increasing diversity of connector structures, in practice, a naming rule to cover a particular type of connector is increasingly difficult. Another way of thinking is to use a combination of Arabic numerals. This approach has the advantage of simplicity and ease of computerized management and printing of signs for small products. The major international connector manufacturers are currently using this approach. It can be expected by the manufacturers to develop their own characteristics to reflect the naming approach will gradually replace the planned economic system by the industry as a whole to specify some of the naming rules.
Editorial section of the connector market development
With the rapid growth of consumer electronics, automotive electronics, communications terminal market and the global connector production capacity continues to shift to Asia and China, Asia has become the connector market has the most potential for development of the place, and China will become the world's fastest-growing connector and the largest capacity of the market. It is estimated that the future growth rate of China's connector market will continue to exceed the global average, the next five years, the average annual growth rate of China's market size of the connector will reach 15%, to 2010, China's connector market capacity will reach 25.7 billion yuan. The main supporting areas of the electrical connector transportation, communications, networks, IT, medical, home appliances, etc., supporting the rapid development of the level of product technology in the field and the rapid growth of its market, a strong pull on the development of connector technology. So far, the connector has developed into a complete range of products, a rich variety of specifications, structural type of diverse, professional direction of segmentation, industry characteristics are obvious, the standard system specification of the serialization and specialization of the product. Overall, the development of connector technology presents the following characteristics: high-speed signal transmission and digitalization, integration of various types of signal transmission, miniaturization of the product volume of miniaturization, low-cost products, contact termination of the surface paste, module combination, plug the convenience of and so on. The above technology represents the direction of development of connector technology, but it should be noted that: the above technology is not necessary for all connectors, different supporting areas and different use of the environment of the connector, the demand for the above technology is completely different.
Edit this section of the development direction
Connector development should be miniaturized (due to the development of many products face to face smaller and lighter, for the pitch and appearance of the size of the height of a certain requirement, which the requirements of the product will be more precise, such as line to the board of the best choice of the small pitch of 0.6mm and 0.8mm), high-density, high-speed transmission, high-frequency direction of development. Miniaturization refers to the connector center spacing is smaller, high-density is to achieve a large number of cores. High-density PCB (printed circuit board) connector effective contact with the total number of 600 cores, specialized devices up to 5000 cores. High-speed transmission refers to modern computers, information technology and networking technology requires signal transmission time scale rate up to the MHz band, the pulse time up to sub-milliseconds, so the requirements of high-speed transmission connectors. High-frequency is to adapt to the development of millimeter-wave technology, RF coaxial connectors have entered the millimeter-wave operating frequency band.
Editorial well-known connector manufacturers
China
China Aviation Optoelectronics, Yongda Communications, Aerospace Electric, Sichuan Huafeng, Foxconn Technology
Japan
JAE, Hirose,
United States
3M Tyco Electronics, Molex, Amphenol,
Europe
ERNI, Harting, Lemo, ODU,
No country (region)
GOODWELL Highway Precision, Mexconn Mingsun Electronics, Genrow Radiall, ATOM, Smartconn HANCHENG SAMTEC, HR Canda, JAT Junao, JST, KST FCI, eci flag Xin, CSG Yinglian
Edit this section of the market outlook and application trends
According to the Global Industry Forecast, driven by the economies of China and the Asian, Eastern European and Latin American regions, the connector market will embrace a period of tremendous growth in the next five years! According to Global Industry, the connector market is poised for tremendous growth over the next five years, with global demand for connectors reaching $60 billion in 2012, according to the Global Industry report. According to Global Industry's report, the Asian connector market reached $6.4 billion in 2010, and China's market growth rate will reach 20% in 2015. - ITRI estimates that the global connector market will reach US$49.8 billion in 2010, a record high - ITRI estimates that the global automotive connector market will reach US$13.4 billion in 2011 - The global computer and peripheral connector market will reach US$12.5 billion in 2011 - The global telecommunication data connector market will reach US$10.0 billion in 2011 - The demand for consumer connectors will reach US$10.0 billion in 2012, according to the Global Industry report. Consumer connectors will continue to grow due to the boom of digital home and game consoles
Consumer electronics connector market
Research shows that the connector market will continue to grow due to the strong demand for consumer electronics such as game consoles, MP3 players, cell phones, LCD TVs, digital cameras, etc. In-Stat points out that the global TV set-top box market will be valued at $1.3 billion in 2014. In-Stat pointed out that the global TV set-top box market will reach $1.3 billion in 2014. According to DisplaySearch, global TV shipments will exceed 242 million units in 2010, a year-on-year increase of 15%, and are expected to exceed 260 million units by 2014.
Medical electronics connector market
Research organization BCC Research survey report pointed out that the global market size of home medical equipment to 2012 to 20.4 billion U.S. dollars, an annual growth rate of 6.8%. Medical electronics will become a new growth point for connector applications. The market forecast by 2011, the medical field connector market will reach 1.63 billion U.S. dollars.
Mobile phone connector market
Connector is one of the most important devices in cell phones, on average, the number of connectors needed for each cell phone reaches 8. According to a report by Coda Research, global smartphone shipments will reach 2.5 billion units between 2010 and 2015, with a compound annual growth rate of 24%. According to Coda Research, the global smartphone shipment will reach 2.5 billion units during 2010 to 2015, with a compound annual growth rate of 24%. As the development of the cell phone market continues to improve. Cell phone connector market will continue to trend upward. - The connector products used by the cell phone is divided into internal FPC connectors and board-to-board connectors; external connection of the I/O connector, as well as the battery, SIM card connectors and Camera Socket, etc. - by the 3G cell phone and smart phone demand market, cell phone connector current development direction: low height, small pitch, multi-functionality, good EMC, standardization and customization coexist. Customization
Automotive Connector Market
The automotive connector market is the largest connector segment, with a typical light vehicle having approximately 1,500 connection points. According to Bishop & Associate, the automotive connector market is expected to continue to grow and reach $13.4 billion by 2011. In China, automotive connectors also have a large market size, which will reach 7.7 billion yuan by 2011, according to Wisdom Forecast.
Computer connector market
Market research firm In-Stat reports that global shipments of mobile computing devices, including tablets, netbooks, smartbooks, and laptops, will grow at a compound annual growth rate of 19.1% through 2014. Global notebook shipments will reach 291 million units in 2014. The application of connectors in computers is about 5-12 sets per unit, and the steady development of the computer market drives the continuous growth of connector demand.
Edit connector market information
USB 3.0 connector
Features - High transmission, USB 3.0 is also called SuperSpeed USB, its transmission speed is 10 times faster than the previous generation of USB 2.0, from 480 Mbps to 4.8 Gbps - High power supply, the use of USB 3.0 charging connector of the electronic appliances, charging time will be saved by nearly one percent. High power consumption, electronic devices using USB 3.0 charging connectors can save more than half of the charging time - "High power consumption", USB 3.0 controller chip introduces an intelligent energy-saving design with a green "power management" concept - Full support for legacy devices, USB 3.0 is backward compatible with USB 2.0 interfaces. USB 3.0 is backward compatible with USB 2.0 interfaces. USB 3.0 applications will start with external storage devices, including external hard drives, solid state drives, removable hard drives, memory cards, and other products, and gradually spread to other devices such as laptops, desktop computers, and cell phones. Market According to market research firms, the global USB 3.0 interface will reach 1 billion units by 2013, accounting for 25% of the global USB market, and Digitimes Research predicts that global USB 3.0 shipments will challenge 2.3 billion units in 2015, with a compound annual growth rate of 89%. Support for USB 3.0 from major vendors - Around the end of 2011 or 2012, the USB 3.0 market is expected to start on a large scale, with Intel launching products supporting USB 3.0 interfaces around 2012 - ASUS is expected to ship 5 million USB 3.0-enabled motherboards by the end of 2010, accounting for 25% to 35% of the company's overall motherboard shipments - Seagate, Lanco, and PQI have already released USB 3.0-enabled motherboards in succession. Seagate, Lanxess, and PQI have released USB 3.0 portable hard drives
HDMI connectors
HDMI connectors are widely used in home appliances, such as set-top boxes, DVD players, personal computers, digital audio, and televisions. According to the HDMI Licensing Technical Symposium, the number of HDMI adopters reached 970 as of February 2010, and is expected to reach 1,000 by the end of this year, and In-stat predicts that the number of HDMI-enabled devices worldwide will reach more than 470 million by 2010, and grow to nearly 820 million by 2013.
The HDMI connector is an important part of the HDMI technology, as it can be used in a wide range of applications, including home appliances, home electronics, and consumer electronics.
IEEE Connectors
As an open technology standard for data transmission, IEEE-1394 is used in a wide range of applications, including digital video cameras, high-speed external hard drives, printers, and scanners.
The IEEE-1394 technology is most widely used in the field of digital imaging, with support for digital cameras or camcorders. Samsung Electronics predicts that global DSLR sales will reach 15.36 million units in 2015, creating opportunities for the IEEE connector market.
FPC/FFC Connectors
FPC/FFC connectors have seen increased use in office equipment and home appliances due to their smaller size and flexibility. Various consumer electronics and related LCD components are still the most important applications for FPC/FFC connectors, and with the increasing popularity of 3G, the cell phone industry is also a major market, in addition, its application scope has been extended to industrial areas, such as instrumentation, automotive electronics, medical equipment and military equipment, etc., the increasing demand from emerging applications will drive the industry to grow at an annual rate of 8-10%. The increasing demand from emerging applications will drive the industry to grow at an annual rate of 8-10%.
RF coaxial connectors
The main application markets for RF coaxial connectors are wireless communication equipment, automotive electronics, medical equipment, aerospace and military navigation and other fields. According to Wisdom Consulting data, by the communication, military and other downstream applications of market demand growth, the global RF coaxial connector market size in 2012 will reach 2.513 billion U.S. dollars.
Fiber optic connectors
Joint market research report says that in mainland China, the growth of the communications sector is the backbone of the fiber optic connector market, with about 20 manufacturers joining the competition. Fiber optic connector industry analysis and research predicts that demand will grow by 20% in 2011, but prices will fall by 15-20%. And North America as the main export market.
DisplayPort Connectors
With the computer industry's growing adoption of DisplayPort products will effectively stimulate the market demand for DisplayPort products. LCD monitors, notebooks and netbooks will all have DisplayPort interfaces, supported by major manufacturers of computers and components worldwide. iSuppli expects the global DisplayPort connector market to ship 2,633 million units in 2012.
Edit Common Connectors
Connectors that are often used in our daily lives can be divided into the following categories: 1, strip/press connectors 2, circular connectors 3, rectangular/heavy-duty connectors 4, RF coaxial connectors 5, PCB/printed circuit board connectors 6, wire-to-wire connectors 7, FFC/FPC/film cable connectors 8, Flat Cable Connectors 9, Computer Equipment Connectors 10, Video/Audio Signal Connectors 11, Cell Phone Connectors 12, Power Supply Connectors 13, High Voltage Connectors 14, Automotive Connectors 15, Aerospace Connectors 16, High Speed Signal Linkers 17, Fiber Optic Connectors 18, Microwave Linkers 19, Waterproof Connectors 20, High Temperature Resistant Connectors