1. Red capped tubes (dry vacuum tubes without additives)
The inner wall of the blood collection tube is evenly coated with an agent (silicone oil) that prevents wall hanging. It utilizes the principle of natural blood coagulation to make the blood coagulate, and then centrifuges it for use after the serum is naturally precipitated. It is mainly used for serum biochemistry (liver function, kidney function, cardiac enzymes, amylase, etc.), electrolytes (serum potassium, sodium, chloride, calcium, phosphorus, etc.), thyroid function, drug testing, AIDS testing, tumor markers, serum immunology.
2, orange capped tube (procoagulant tube)
The inner wall of the blood collection tube is uniformly coated with silicone oil to prevent wall hanging, and at the same time, a procoagulant is added. Procoagulant can activate fibrinase, so that soluble fibrin into insoluble fibrin polymers, and then form a stable fibrin clot, generally within 5 minutes to make the collected blood coagulation. It is generally used for emergency biochemistry.
3, gold-colored cap tubes (containing inert separation gel and procoagulant blood collection tubes)
The wall of the tube is siliconized and coated with a procoagulant that accelerates the coagulation of blood and shortens the time of the test. The tube is lined with separating gel, which has good affinity and plays a segregation role. Generally, even in an ordinary centrifuge, the separating gel can completely separate the liquid component (serum) and the solid component (blood cells) of the blood and accumulate them in the test tube to form a barrier. No oil droplets are produced in the serum after centrifugation, so it does not clog the machine. It is mainly used for serum biochemistry (liver function, kidney function, cardiac enzymes, amylase, etc.), electrolytes (serum potassium, sodium, chloride, calcium, phosphorus, etc.), thyroid function, drug testing, AIDS testing, tumor markers, PCR, TORCH, and serum immunology testing.
4, green cap tube (heparin anticoagulant tube)
Collection tube containing sodium heparin or lithium heparin, heparin is a mucopolysaccharide containing sulfate groups, with a strong negative charge, with the strengthening of antithrombin III inactivation of serine protease, thus preventing the formation of thrombin, and have to prevent platelet aggregation and other anticoagulant effects. Heparin tubes are generally used for emergency biochemistry, TORCH, and blood rheology testing, and sodium heparin tubes should not be used when testing for sodium ions in blood specimens to avoid affecting test results. Nor can they be used for white blood cell counting and classification, as heparin causes leukocyte aggregation.
5, purple cap tubes (containing ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and its salt blood collection tubes)
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid is a kind of aminopolycarboxylic acid, which can effectively chelate calcium ions in the blood, chelating calcium will remove calcium from the reaction point will prevent and terminate the endogenous or exogenous coagulation process, so as to prevent the blood from coagulating, and other anticoagulants, compared with the coagulation of blood cells and the morphology of blood cells. Compared with other anticoagulants, its effect on blood cell coagulation and blood cell morphology is less, so EDTA salts (2K, 3K, 2Na) are usually used as anticoagulants. Used for general hematology (routine blood tests) and blood ammonia tests. It cannot be used for blood coagulation and trace element tests.
6, blue capped tube (contains sodium citrate anticoagulant blood collection tube)
Sodium citrate and blood samples of calcium ions chelated anticoagulant, anticoagulant and blood ratio of 1:9, mainly used for fibrinolytic system (prothrombin time, prothrombin time, activation of the part of the prothrombin time, fibrinogen). When collecting blood, attention should be paid to the collection of sufficient blood volume (2 ml) to ensure the accuracy of the test results, and the blood should be immediately inverted and mixed 8-10 times after collection.
Extended information:
Order of blood distribution
1, the order of using glass test tubes: blood culture tubes, serum tubes without anticoagulant, sodium citrate anticoagulant tubes, and tubes with other anticoagulants.
2. The order of using plastic tubes: blood culture tubes (yellow), sodium citrate anticoagulation tubes (blue), serum tubes with or without blood coagulation activator or gel separation, heparin tubes with or without gel (green), EDTA anticoagulation tubes (purple), and tubes with glucose catabolism inhibitor (gray).
Reference: