The answer is very many, more than you can imagine. Infusion frame, stethoscope, injection syringe, tweezers, tweezers tube, iodine vapour cotton cylinder, screen frame, disinfection square plate, disinfection box, small medicine spoon, tongue depressor and so on, stainless steel is not already quietly penetrated into the corners of the hospital. In fact, in those places we do not often see, but also inseparable from the stainless steel, such as medical stents, bone drill, walker, instrument cabinets, transfer cabinets, scalpels, surgical scissors, surgical forceps, surgical shadowless lamp, hole shadowless lamp, deep irradiation shadowless lamp, cold single hole lamp, medical treatment trolleys, surgical beds, gynecological examination beds, nursing beds, cleaning tanks, stainless steel test tube racks, medical instrument table trolley, stretcher. Hospitals are really everywhere in stainless steel.
In 1926, 304 stainless steel was first used as orthopedic implant materials, followed by dental applications. By 1952, 316 stainless steel containing 2% Mo in clinical applications, and gradually replaced 304 stainless steel. Subsequently, in order to solve the problem of intergranular corrosion of stainless steel, the 1960s, with good biocompatibility, mechanical properties and better corrosion resistance of ultra-low carbon stainless steel 316L and 317L began to be used in the medical field.
According to Zhuochuang information, at present, China's medical stainless steel mainly includes 304, 316L, 317L, 420J2, 3Cr13Mo, 6Cr13Mo and other varieties. 304 needless to say that I believe that we all know, is the U.S. FDA (U.S. Federal Food and Drug Administration) mandatory provisions can be in direct contact with the food and will not produce harmful heavy metal ions precipitation. 316L and 317L represent the austenitic stainless steel is the most commonly used surgical implant metal materials, other types of stainless steel is mainly used for the production of medical tools or special surgical instruments.
Compared with ordinary stainless steel, medical stainless steel, especially implantable stainless steel, which the Ni and Cr and other alloying elements content is very high, while the content of impurity elements to be lower than the ordinary stainless steel, and non-metallic inclusions in which the size of special requirements. In addition, it is also required to have a lower C content, in recent years the revision of medical stainless steel domestic and international standards, all the requirements of the steel C content is not higher than 0.03%. Based on the above requirements, medical stainless steel has good biocompatibility, good mechanical properties, excellent corrosion resistance to body fluids, as well as good processing and molding, has become a widely used clinical implant materials and medical tool materials.
But medical stainless steel in the long-term clinical use, especially implantable stainless steel materials, there are some unavoidable problems and shortcomings. First of all, the degree of match with the bone tissue is not enough, resulting in osteoporosis, bone resorption or bone atrophy and other phenomena, and bone tissue fracture site is not easy to form a bone scab, prone to secondary fracture. Secondly, corrosion or abrasion, in general, the longer the implant is used, the more serious the degree of corrosion, which not only affects the service life of the relevant equipment, but also may cause local necrosis and inflammation in the implant site, or even cause allergies and cancer and other systemic reactions. The third is the medical stainless steel contains Ni, Cr and other metal ions dissolved and the corresponding tissue reaction and other issues. A large number of clinics have proved that Ni is a potential sensitizing factor for the human body.
Given the excellent comprehensive performance of medical stainless steel, mature manufacturing technology, low price and wide range of clinical applications, in order to avoid the Ni element dissolution caused by adverse tissue reactions, in recent years, through metallurgy and processing technology to continue to improve the comprehensive performance of the existing medical stainless steel on the basis of research and development of medical low-Ni and Ni-free austenitic stainless steel has become the international medical stainless steel, a major development trend. It has become a major development trend of medical stainless steel in the international arena. The future use of stainless steel in China's medical field will increase significantly. China's stainless steel medical equipment market has great potential, but the foundation of the relevant industries is still relatively weak, product technology and quality is generally in the international midstream level. This and China's stainless steel production and sales of the identity of the country is not enough to match, especially in the design of stainless steel medical equipment products, manufacturing and comprehensive supporting capacity, can not fully provide a variety of products to meet clinical needs.
According to industry statistics, as of 2010, China's medical device industry has more than 14,000 manufacturers, more than 40,000 dealers, the annual output value and market growth rate of more than 20%. However, there are structural problems in China's medical device industry, and some major high-end diagnostic and treatment equipment has been relying on imports. In addition, the proportion of sales of medical devices and drugs in developed countries is about 1:1, while China is only 1:10, indicating that China's demand in this area is vast and the market has great potential.
In order to support the development of domestic medical devices, the state has introduced a series of policies, such as "medical device science and technology industry" Twelfth Five-Year Plan "formally" medical device innovation into the Ministry of Science and Technology into the scope of the key specialties. Relevant departments clearly put forward to promote the industrialization of new products and application of new technologies in the field of medical devices, focusing on the support of medical equipment, including the mastery of core components and key technologies. Recently held a summit related to medical devices, the roadmap on the "13th Five-Year Plan" of the medical device industry surfaced, triggering industry concerns. According to the main participants of the "13th Five-Year Plan" for medical devices, the formulation of the "13th Five-Year Plan" will undoubtedly have a significant and far-reaching impact on the development of the domestic medical device science and technology industry, and the development of China's medical device industry will be in the "13th Five-Year Plan". The development of China's medical device industry will usher in a major outbreak during the "13th Five-Year Plan" period. Nearly 70% of the market share of medical devices in China is occupied by foreign brands, so there is huge space for the development of the industry. With the continuous extension of the breadth and height of the development of China's medical device industry, stainless steel products in the field of medical equipment related to the development of a broader world.
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PS: Estimated that this answer again to be sentenced to know the rules of the violation - appeared so many organizations and material brand names, I It's pretty efficient to advertise ^_^