Technology must comply with the rights of the people, the EU issued a white paper on artificial intelligence
Daimler: Humans will remain the creators of technology
In 1814, the Englishman George Stephenson invented the first steam locomotive in the history of mankind, known as the Voyager, which was called a "train" because of the fire that kept coming out of the chimney as it moved forward. It was called a "train" because of the fire that kept coming out of the chimney as it moved forward.
The first railroad was built in England in 1825, and in September of that year, the Voyager locomotive dragged more than 30 small carriages on an official test run, completing a 40-kilometer journey at a speed of 24 kilometers per hour.
At the time, locomotives were seen as "evil" by techno-skeptics, who predicted that mankind would suffer the consequences of this "infernal" invention. They feared that smoke from trains would poison passengers, that air currents would cause pneumonia, and that the fast pace of trains would confuse the brain.
Why have skeptics changed their minds?
Renata?Jungo?Brungger, a Daimler board member who is responsible for integrity and legal affairs, suggests two reasons: One is that, over time, people have adapted to the technologies and have even begun to understand their value. And then there is the fact that, sooner or later, the rules governing these new technologies will be developed.
During her speech on Daimler's guiding principles for artificial intelligence at the Frankfurt Motor Show, which opens on the same day, on the morning of September 10, 2019, German time, she argued that digital transformation is undergoing the same changes today, as is the rise of artificial intelligence, and that they pose similar challenges.
Consulting firm PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) expects AI to drive GDP growth of about 26 percent in China, 14 percent in North America and 10 percent in Europe by 2030. This technology will not only help overcome many of the challenges posed by climate action, but can further optimize the results achieved in a number of areas, including transportation, medicine, and agriculture.
Automotive Business Review notes that while technologists, business leaders, and government officials agree that AI is one of the most transformative technologies in the world, they generally note that it also poses new risks to personal privacy and everyday life as well.Artificial intelligence has become fully integrated into our daily lives, as exemplified in the field of autonomous driving," said Rhyger White. Yet every invention ever made has been fascinating and awe-inspiring at the same time."
She said that for most AI applications, large amounts of data are essential, including personal data. Yet many customers don't want their personal information to be compromised. They worry that data protection isn't perfect, that data has been tampered with, or that it has gotten out of control as a result. Some even fear that such a developed artificial intelligence system will one day rule the world.
How can we seize the opportunities presented by AI while defusing the crises, fears and challenges that come with it?
To this end, Daimler has identified four principles: rational utilization; interpretability; privacy protection; and safety and reliability. Bai Runge emphasized, "Humans will remain the creators of technology!"
Bosch: Humans must retain ultimate control over decisions made by AI
On February 19, 2020, local time, German industrial giant Bosch proposed a similar AI Code of Ethics, which states that AI must be safe, reliable and explainable, and that humans should always retain control over AI.
Bosch unveiled the guidelines at the opening of the seventh Bosch Connected World (BCW) conference in Berlin the same day.
"Artificial intelligence is a tool in the service of humans, and any AI decisions that may have an impact on people require human supervision." So said Bosch CEO Volkmar?Denner.
This follows Bosch's decision to build on the values embodied in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and to proactively address the moral and ethical issues that arise in the use of AI technology.
Dr. Michael Bolle, Chief Digital Officer and Chief Technology Officer of the Bosch Group, said, "The seeds of trust will only sprout when people no longer see AI as a mysterious 'black box'. And trust will be an indispensable ingredient in the achievement of a connected world."
He said the newly released Bosch AI Code of Ethics combines the spirit of innovation with social responsibility under the concept of "Technology for the Beauty of Life".
According to the Bosch AI Code of Ethics, AI must make decisions with some degree of human intervention or influence. It encompasses three mechanisms that adhere to the ****same principle that humans must retain ultimate control over decisions made by AI in AI products developed by Bosch.
The first mechanism is human-in-command, which applies to situations in which the AI appears only as an aid. For example, in decision support systems, AI assists people in categorizing objects or organisms.
The second mechanism is human-in-the-loop, which applies to situations in which the AI system can make autonomous decisions, but humans are able to intervene in its decisions at any time. For example, in the case of a driver assistance system, the driver can directly intervene in the decision-making of the parking assistance system.
The third mechanism is human-on-the-loop at the design stage, which applies to applications such as emergency braking systems. When developing such intelligent products, experts will define parameters as the basis for AI decision-making, and humans are not involved in decision-making, which is carried out by the AI. However, engineers can always retrospectively check that the machine adheres to the set parameters for decision-making and can modify them if necessary.
Bosch plans to train nearly 20,000 employees in AI over the next two years. The AI Code of Ethics will also be part of the training.
By 2025, every Bosch product will reportedly come with AI functionality or utilize AI technology in development and production.
A report by PwC shows that since 2018, 44 reports have been published by various European organizations*** with recommendations on "AI ethics".
Facebook: promises to step up response to harmful information online
Automotive Business Review notes that while both Daimler and Bosch's focus on AI lands more on human control over AI, the giants from Silicon Valley, whose focus on AI is more on the privacy aspect.
Artificial intelligence is now found in products like Apple's Siri and Face?ID, and powers Google's search engine, self-driving cars and Facebook's advertising business.
Since January 2020, top executives from Facebook, Google and Apple have been visiting Brussels as the European Union is set to introduce a policy on AI regulation.
First it was Sundar?Pichai, chief executive of Google parent Alphabet, who came to Brussels, Belgium. Then John?Giannandrea, Apple's senior vice president for artificial intelligence, also showed up.
Since 2018, the European Union has passed laws and regulations on digital privacy and penalized Google and other companies on antitrust issues, prompting the rest of the world to follow suit with tougher action against tech industry giants.
The European Commission's new AI policy could also become a template for other countries and regions to follow, much to the concern of tech giants such as Google, Facebook and Apple, which are betting heavily on artificial intelligence.
In a speech during a visit to Brussels, Pichai acknowledged that there are real concerns about the potential negative impacts of AI and the need for proper regulation, but argued that "a balance needs to be found" to ensure that rules don't stifle innovation.
Facebook Chief Executive Mark?Zuckerberg joined a trip to Brussels on Feb. 17, German time, to meet with local officials, including Margrethe?Vestager, executive vice president of the European Commission. He hopes to trade a commitment to strengthen the response to harmful information online for a lowering of the EU's market access barriers against extraterritorial companies.
For years, U.S. lawmakers and regulators have largely stayed out of the way of Silicon Valley companies, allowing them to grow unimpeded, with little scrutiny of issues like the spread of disinformation on social networks.Westagel likened Europe's tougher stance on tech regulation to its regulation of agriculture. Many of the pesticides and chemicals allowed in the United States are banned in Europe.
She said Europe's approach is that if things are risky, then society as a whole wants to regulate that, and that "the most important thing for us is to create a society where people feel like they can be sure of what's happening."
Westagel is responsible for coordinating the first draft of a policy on artificial intelligence in Europe.Ursula?von?der?Leyen, a physicist who formally becomes president of the European Commission on Dec. 1, 2019, gave Westagel a 100-day deadline at the start of her tenure to publish a preliminary proposal on AI by the deadline .
Westagel said she wasn't worried about AI recommending a song on Spotify or a movie on Netflix; she was concerned about the AI algorithms that determine who gets a loan or what diseases are diagnosed.
She was particularly concerned about the widespread use of facial recognition technology and said that new restrictions may be needed before the technology becomes "ubiquitous". At the time, it was also rumored that a draft EU white paper on artificial intelligence proposed banning facial recognition technology from public ****ing places within three to five years.
EU: Technology must comply with people's rights
On Feb. 19, the same day that Bosch launched its Code of Ethics for AI, European Commission President Von der Leyen unveiled in Brussels a White Paper on Artificial Intelligence, which includes unprecedented regulations on how companies can use AI.
The roughly 30-page white paper, which consists of two parts: a policy framework and elements of a future regulatory framework, outlines the EC's AI strategy: to grow rapidly economically to win the tech race, but also ethically to meet the continent's values.
The EC noted that AI is developing rapidly and that Europe needs to invest more in it, while also addressing a range of potential risks. Von der Leyen emphasized that technology must comply with people's rights.
The white paper proposes a "trustworthy framework for AI" that focuses on three main objectives: developing people-centered technologies; building a fair and competitive economy; and building open, democratic and sustainable societies.
While the restrictions on facial recognition over the next three to five years do not appear in the officially released white paper, it does set out a series of measures to protect citizens' privacy and data security.
For face recognition, the white paper says that the collection and use of biodata for remote identification purposes poses specific risks to fundamental rights, and that EU data protection rules prohibit in principle the processing of biodata for the purpose of identifying a specific natural person, with the exception of special conditions.
The white paper says: "In order to address the societal concerns that may arise from the use of AI for this purpose in public ****places and to avoid fragmentation in the internal market, the European Commission will open a broad debate in Europe on potentially justified application scenarios (if any) and ****same safeguards."
Meanwhile, AI companies will have to pass safety tests and qualification audits by relevant authorities to enter the EU market. Among them, AI companies in "high-risk" industries such as medical devices, autonomous driving, social security and mobile payments are all listed as key targets for audit and supervision.
EU justice commissioner Reynders pointed out: "If the self-driving car traffic accidents, who will be responsible for this? We must regulate similar issues."
Over the next three months, the EU's white paper on artificial intelligence will be subject to public consultation with people from all walks of life, and then revised accordingly based on the feedback.
By the end of 2020, the EU will formulate and introduce legally binding digital rules, such as the EU Digital Services Act, so as to make clear provisions on issues such as regulating access to the market, reinforcing corporate responsibility and protecting fundamental rights.
These rules will not only apply to local European businesses, but will also have a significant impact on third-country digital businesses operating in the EU.
White Paper: the start of a new digital strategy for Europe?
Since 2010?the EU has made achieving smart growth one of its three growth objectives (smart growth, sustainable growth and inclusive growth).
In 2013, the Human Brain Initiative and the Graphene Initiative were announced as two flagship programs for future emerging technologies. The main research goal of the EU Human Brain Program is to realize the artificial simulation of the human brain, which is the world's first brain science project.
This program is not only dedicated to revealing the mechanism of human brain activity and the nature of human cognition, but also its theoretical results can directly provide the most powerful support for the development of artificial intelligence. According to Automotive Business Review, this may also be an important reason why both Daimler and Bosch are placing more emphasis on human domination of AI.
On the realization of the goal of smart growth, the European Union vigorously promote the implementation of the "digital agenda", focusing on the construction of the "digital single market", accelerate the "industry 4.0" process. 2017? In 2017, the EU officially announced that its digital single market covering all member states had entered the formal construction phase.
In 2018, the EU launched the third flagship program for future emerging technologies, "Quantum Technologies", to actively develop quantum network communications and quantum computers, laying the foundation for the development of artificial intelligence in terms of data transmission, analysis and processing capabilities.
From digital healthcare to precision agriculture, from autonomous driving to smart cities, AI technology has a wide range of applications and huge economic potential, but despite this, the EU has lagged behind the United States and China in AI research and development and application.
The latest statistical report released by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) shows that more than 85% of the world's patents on AI-related technologies now come from companies in China and the US.
The finest released EU White Paper on Artificial Intelligence said that Europe needs to significantly increase the level of investment in the field of AI research and innovation, with the goal of attracting 20 billion euros a year in the EU over the next 10 years in funding for the research, development and application of AI technologies.The EU estimates that the current size of the EU economy for digital technologies such as AI is 300 billion euros, or 2.4 percent of EU gross domestic product, and that this figure will be three times as large as it is today in five years' time. Industries such as AI have already created 5.7 million jobs in the EU, a figure that will at least double in five years.
Bosch currently has AI centers in seven locations around the world. As a founding member of the "Cyber?Valley" research consortium in Baden-Württemberg, Bosch is investing 100 million euros in the construction of an AI park, where 700 specialists will soon be able to work side-by-side with external researchers and startups.
There's no doubt that this white paper represents the beginning of a new digital strategy for Europe, while at the same time raising the bar for U.S. and Chinese tech companies.
As a result, Weinstag said, the introduction of digital strategies such as artificial intelligence provides the EU with a second chance to become a world leader in advanced technology.
This article comes from the authors of the Motor Home Carriage, and does not represent the viewpoint position of the Motor Home.