Entering the new century, the external environment of financial leasing gradually matured, leasing companies and banks have changed the relationship between the banks themselves are also calling for the opening of financial leasing of mixed operations. They talk about leasing to favor financial leasing here are several reasons:
1, China's economic reform gradually towards market-oriented transition, the market mechanism has exceeded the government intervention, the financial sector market-oriented has also made great strides in development. Central bank monetary and regulatory separation so that financial institutions completely smashed the pot of rice bowls, financial institutions must look for rice bowls from the market;
2, policies and regulations tend to improve, especially conducive to the development of financial leasing of the four pillars: law, accounting standards, regulation, taxation have relevant policies introduced, and are still enriching and improving, and then carry out the financial leasing in the law has been guaranteed;
3, China's economic reform gradually toward the market track, the market mechanism has exceeded the government intervention, the financial sector has also made great strides in the marketization. p>3, China's economic development to a certain extent, the traditional business model has not adapted to the sustained development of the economy, industry innovation forced financial institutions to shift their attention to the financial leasing of this combination of finance and trade model, try to find a breakthrough from here.
4, the rapid development of China's economy and the financial system is not sound contradiction, on the one hand, the development of enterprises in urgent need of funds, on the other hand, the bank has a large amount of funds, due to the lack of good financing tools and means but in the state of "shy loan", the bank has a large number of funds need to find a way out;
5, The theory of financial leasing is basically established, the leasing company from simple financing to the conversion of technical services, the function of leasing is gradually developed, the ability of leasing to control the risk of gradually appeared. Leasing has expanded from simple financing to financial management and asset management. The positioning of leasing companies has also changed from lending banks to service trading. The leasing company's profit source no longer rely on the spread, more service collection, so and the bank to get rid of the competitive relationship, changed into a service and be served relationship.
6, the media's frequent reports also make people start to pay attention to financial leasing, hoping that financial leasing can bring new business opportunities for the Bank (enterprise) industry.
1, to help banks issue equipment loans
Banks equipment loan competition is relatively fierce, good projects can not be grabbed, the second project is not willing to do. In the screening project there must be such a project is if you do have a certain risk, if you do not do to give up and too bad. At this time through the leasing company to do the way of financial leasing can reduce risk and increase revenue. Reason: First, financial leasing is provided to the lessee enterprise equipment, not funds, so the enterprise will not misappropriation of loans and indiscriminate consumption; Second, through the use of leasing interest rate is the market interest rate, not subject to the central bank interest rate restrictions, the risk and return is proportional to the third is once the lessee enterprise bankruptcy leasing assets are not involved in the liquidation, while also retaining the debt; Fourth, through the closed operation of the leasing company, you can be leased to the leasing company and the lessee enterprise The fourth is that through the closed operation of the leasing company, the leasing company and the lessee enterprise account can be transferred to the bank to provide funds for the unified control, that is, to reduce the risk, but also to the bank to bring more cash flow.
2, with the bank's financial business cooperation
Banks in order to solve the deposit funds are too large, to solve the problem of high risk and low yield, towards the direction of the development of financial management with customers. On the one hand, do not bear the risk, on the other hand, increase income. Financial management needs to have a good project. Banks through the leasing company can find a considerable number of that is safe, and income leasing projects (which depends on the leasing company's ability to operate and the project's own risk), through the financial management to absorb private funds, and then through the entrusted leasing of the funds into a good project (generally encouraged and supported by the government, or a more stable cash flow).
Another more common practice is factoring. The practice is that the leasing company through the integration of social resources, planning and packaging of the project, made a small risk high-yield leasing project. Banks can buy out the leasing company's right to collect rent if they are interested, the leasing company to end the project early to develop new projects, the bank can not make the effort to find a strong risk-resistant project. Because of the screening, planning and integration of projects requires a process, the leasing company's projects for sale in short supply.
Of course, banks and leasing companies in the financial management there is more room for cooperation needs to be developed. The suggestions in this article are summarized on the basis of the current successful cooperation between banks and leasing companies. In fact the first example is the leasing company through the bank to get low-cost funds, the second example is close to the securitization of leasing contracts. They both serve to promote private investment through leasing.
3. To help banks solve the problem of the excessive scale of investment in fixed assets.
In the first few years, because of the uncontrolled investment, the bank's investment ratio is too large, the CBRC strengthened supervision after the restriction that the bank's investment in fixed assets can not exceed 30% of its own assets. In the face of social development and technological advances, services in the financial sector have developed greatly in terms of hardware. If banks do not increase their competitiveness with the help of these advanced equipments, they are bound to be eliminated. However, to invest in them is restricted by regulatory targets, thus becoming an obstacle in development. If the bank will be its own fixed assets through leaseback or leasing equipment with operating leases, it can improve the investment ratio and increase the use of equipment, without affecting the regulatory indicators of restrictions.
1. The leasing company needs the bank's extensive funding sources
2. It gets low-cost funding through cooperation.
Despite the fact that leasing companies need a lot of money, this need will plummet if the cost of capital is too high. Because the enterprise through the leasing company financing itself is high cost, if the cost of funding sources is too high will lose the market. But banks will not give leasing companies low-interest loans for no reason (the current policy does not allow). The only way to reduce the cost of financing is through the previously mentioned financial management, etc. Therefore, the prerequisite for using low-cost funds is cooperation. Leasing companies need to know more about the bank's variety of services in order to study a wider range of ways to cooperate.
3, with the bank's network to strengthen the control of the lessee's cash flow
Leasing company's funds are mostly from the bank loan, but when the lessee of the enterprise problem is, the bank out of their own immediate interests, in the leasing company through legal means to the bank to seal the account or to understand the enterprise bank account number, the bank but the confidentiality of the reasons for the enterprise to help hide the account number or transfer funds. The leasing company therefore can not recover the money can not repay the bank loan. How to get out of this circle also need to start from the bank and leasing company cooperation. Banks are rich in network resources, whether these networks for leasing projects to provide services to collect rent not only for the leasing company, the bank is also very important. These networks, on the one hand, assume the role of cash flow channels, on the other hand, responsible for monitoring the credit of the leasing company. In case of problems the bank from its own point of view also has to help the leasing company to prevent the enterprise from maliciously reneging on the debt. In order to solve the legal and management problems, the leasing company should obtain the service commitment of the bank as well as the approval of the lessee when signing the lease contract.
4, the need to *** enjoy the credit platform
China's financial institutions have established a credit network for lending companies. Financial institutions of the leasing company can enjoy, but non-financial institutions of the financial leasing company will not be able to enter this system, so in the evaluation of a project to an enterprise on the real state of indebtedness and solvency of the enterprise is difficult to grasp, at this time the need for the bank's help.
Since the financial leasing company after the capital increase, asset reorganization, changed from the main business of the situation began to operate since the financial leasing, and the bank's relationship is getting closer and closer. On the one hand, they all belong to the financial institutions, on the other hand, through the leasing of equipment to reduce the risk of lending, to solve the individual size of the loan and the size of the bank's investment and other policy issues, to broaden the lending channels. For the operation of good leasing company even appeared bank lined up to buy the phenomenon of the project. 80's foreign banks chasing the leasing company to give loans, the current domestic banks and this seed, but the nature of the big difference between them. The former thought that there is a national credit guarantee blindly to the leasing company loans, to solve the problem of excess lobbying. The latter is based on the market environment, to solve the lending difficulties and open up banking innovation. From the current situation, where the ability to innovate strong leasing company and the bank's close cooperation, on the contrary, the bank to see the leasing company is still talking about rent.
First of all, the policy obstacles. Commercial Bank Law provides that banks are not allowed to loan funds to non-bank financial institutions, so from the law, the CBRC supervised financial leasing companies can not be loaned from the bank. And CBRC does not give the financial leasing company should be financial business (mainly to solve the source of funds business: accept the lease deposit of the relevant leasing parties; accept the legal person or organization entrusted with leasing funds; approved by the People's Bank of China to issue financial bonds; borrowing from financial institutions; foreign exchange borrowing; interbank lending business;) Therefore, the financial leasing company of the non-bank financial institutions is not as good as the non-financial institutions of the finance leasing companies are more likely to cooperate with banks.
Secondly, it is the problem of mixed business of banks. Seeing the benefits of financial leasing, many banks are calling for the opening of financial leasing business. Banks in foreign developed countries generally have financial leasing business, but only limited to simple financial leasing. What is the reason for this? It can be seen from the failed experience of our banks in carrying out financial leasing business: the main business of banks is finance, and financial leasing is an industry combining finance and trade. Banks carrying out financial leasing business is bound to expand to the trade field. However, finance and trade are mutually constraining industries. Imagine if an enterprise with sufficient funds to do trade, the result is either monopolization or market disruption. Therefore, banks can not do trade, commercial enterprises can not engage in banking is this reason. It is also for this reason, China from allowing banks to carry out financial leasing business to the ban only 2, 3 years, and still has not lifted the ban. When to open this depends on China's financial mixed business opening schedule, even if the opening is estimated to operate only simple financial leasing business in terms of equipment. This will give banks and leasing companies to provide an opportunity for cooperation in the division of labor. Leasing companies should vigorously carry out innovative leasing business, through technological innovation to reduce the credit risk in the financing process, to provide banks with more capital outlets. Banks also take advantage of financial instruments to provide leasing companies with the convenience of risk control. The cooperation between the two sides will promote the healthy development of financial business in the field of investment and financing in China.