Discussion on the 2008 National Economic and Social Development Statistics Bulletin.

Statistical Communiqué on National Economic and Social Development in 2008 National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China February 26, 2009 In 2008, the people of all nationalities in the leadership of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, under the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of the "Three Represents", and the in-depth implementation of the scientific outlook on development, all people were united in their efforts, and worked hard to overcome the adverse impact of the rare natural disasters and the impact of the international financial crisis. The people of all nationalities, under the leadership of Deng Xiaoping and the State Council, and guided by the important idea of "Three Represents", thoroughly implemented the scientific concept of development, united as one, worked hard, and endeavored to overcome the rare natural disasters and the adverse impact of the international financial crisis, the national economy maintained a relatively rapid development, and the social undertakings made new progress. I. Comprehensive Preliminary accounting, the annual GDP of 30,067 billion yuan, an increase of 9.0% over the previous year. By industry, the added value of the primary industry was 3,400 billion yuan, an increase of 5.5%; the added value of the secondary industry was 1,461.83 billion yuan, an increase of 9.3%; the added value of the tertiary industry was 1204.87 billion yuan, an increase of 9.5%. The proportion of added value of the primary industry to GDP was 11.3%, up 0.2 percentage points from the previous year; the proportion of added value of the secondary industry was 48.6%, up 0.1 percentage points; the proportion of added value of the tertiary industry was 40.1%, down 0.3 percentage points. Consumer prices rose 5.9% over the previous year, of which food prices rose 14.3%. Fixed asset investment prices rose 8.9 percent. Industrial factory prices rose 6.9 percent, of which the price of the means of production rose 7.7 percent, the price of the means of living rose 4.1 percent. Purchase prices of raw materials, fuel and power rose 10.5 percent. Agricultural production prices rose 14.1 percent. Prices of agricultural production materials rose 20.3%. 70 large and medium-sized cities housing sales prices rose 6.5%, of which the price of newly built homes rose 7.1%, the price of second-hand homes rose 6.2%; housing rental prices rose 1.4%. At the end of the year, 774.8 million people were employed nationwide, an increase of 4.9 million over the end of the previous year. Among them, 302.1 million were employed in cities and towns, a net increase of 8.6 million, with a new increase of 11.13 million. The registered urban unemployment rate at the end of the year was 4.2%, up 0.2 percentage points from the end of the previous year. At the end of the year, the country's foreign exchange reserves amounted to 19460 billion U.S. dollars, an increase of 417.8 billion U.S. dollars from the end of the previous year. The exchange rate of RMB at the end of the year was RMB 6.8346 per US dollar, appreciating by 6.9% from the end of the previous year. Annual tax revenue of 578.62 billion yuan (excluding customs duties, land occupation tax and deed tax), an increase of 841.3 billion yuan over the previous year, an increase of 17.0%. Second, agriculture Annual grain planting area of 106.7 million hectares, an increase of 1.06 million hectares over the previous year; cotton planting area of 5.76 million hectares, a decrease of 170,000 hectares; oilseed planting area of 12.71 million hectares, an increase of 1.39 million hectares; sugar planting area of 1.93 million hectares, an increase of 130,000 hectares. Annual grain output of 528.5 million tons, an increase of 26.9 million tons over the previous year, an increase of 5.4%. Among them, the summer grain production of 120.41 million tons, an increase of 2.6%; early rice production of 31.58 million tons, basically the same as the previous year; autumn grain production of 376.51 million tons, an increase of 6.7%. Annual cotton production of 7.5 million tons, compared with the previous year, a 1.6% reduction in production. Oilseed production of 29.5 million tons, an increase of 14.8%. Sugar production of 13 million tons, an increase of 6.7%. Tobacco production of 2.6 million tons, an increase of 19.6 percent. Tea production of 1.24 million tons, an increase of 6.4%. Annual meat production of 72.69 million tons, an increase of 5.9% over the previous year. Among them, pork production of 46.15 million tons, an increase of 7.6 percent; beef production of 6.1 million tons, down 0.5 percent; lamb production of 3.76 million tons, down 1.8 percent. Hogs at the end of the year 462.64 million head, an increase of 5.2%; 609.6 million head of hogs, an increase of 7.9%. Milk production of 36.51 million tons, an increase of 3.6 percent; egg production of 26.38 million tons, an increase of 4.3 percent. Annual fish production of 48.95 million tons, an increase of 3.1 percent. Among them, aquaculture fish production of 34.26 million tons, an increase of 4.5 percent; fishing fish production of 14.69 million tons, the same as the previous year. Annual timber production of 78.94 million cubic meters, an increase of 13.2%. Annual new effective irrigation area of 117.9 million hectares, new water-saving irrigation area of 139.0 million hectares. Third, the industrial and construction sector annual value added value of all industries 129112 billion yuan, an increase of 9.5 percent over the previous year. Industrial value added above designated size increased by 12.9%, of which state-owned and state-controlled enterprises increased by 9.1%; collective enterprises increased by 8.1%, joint-stock enterprises increased by 15.0%, foreign and Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan business investment enterprises increased by 9.9%; private enterprises increased by 20.4%. Sub-light and heavy industry, light industry grew 12.3%, heavy industry grew 13.2%. Annual industrial above-scale, coal mining and washing industry value-added growth of 19.1 percent over the previous year, oil and gas mining industry growth of 6.1 percent, arts, education and sporting goods manufacturing industry growth of 18.2 percent, the gas production and supply industry growth of 26.8 percent, agricultural food processing industry growth of 15.0 percent, general equipment manufacturing industry growth of 16.9 percent, transportation equipment manufacturing industry growth of 15.2 percent, communications equipment, computers and other electronic equipment manufacturing industry growth of 15.2 percent, communication equipment, computers and other electronic equipment manufacturing industry growth of 15.2 percent, the private sector growth of 20.4 percent. Equipment, computers and other electronic equipment manufacturing industry growth of 12.0%, electrical machinery and equipment manufacturing industry growth of 18.1%, the chemical fiber manufacturing industry growth of 2.2%. 6 large energy-consuming industries than the previous year growth of 10.0%, of which, non-metallic mineral products industry growth of 16.9%, ferrous metal smelting and rolling processing industry growth of 8.2%, chemical raw materials and chemical products manufacturing industry growth of 10.0%, non-ferrous metal smelting and rolling processing industry growth of 8.2%, chemical raw materials and chemical products manufacturing industry growth of 10.0 percent, non-ferrous metal smelting and rolling processing industry grew 12.3 percent, the production and supply of electric power and heat industry grew 8.6 percent, petroleum processing, coking and nuclear fuel processing industry grew 4.3 percent. High-tech manufacturing value-added growth of 14.0% over the previous year. From January to November, industrial enterprises above designated size realized profits of 240.66 billion yuan, an increase of 4.9% over the same period last year. Annual social construction industry realized value-added of 170.71 billion yuan, an increase of 7.1% over the previous year. The qualification level of the general contracting and specialized contracting construction enterprises realized profits of 175.6 billion yuan, an increase of 12.5%, of which 50.9 billion yuan of state-owned and state-controlled enterprises, an increase of 21.8%; 205.8 billion yuan of taxes, an increase of 20.0%, of which 77.1 billion yuan of state-owned and state-controlled enterprises, an increase of 24.7%. Fourth, investment in fixed assets throughout the year, social investment in fixed assets 17,229.1 billion yuan, an increase of 25.5% over the previous year. Urban and rural areas, urban investment of 14,816.7 billion yuan, an increase of 26.1%; rural investment of 2,412.4 billion yuan, an increase of 21.5%. Regionally, the eastern region invested 8,741.2 billion yuan, an increase of 20.9% over the previous year; the central region invested 4,538.4 billion yuan, an increase of 32.6%; the western region invested 3,583.9 billion yuan, an increase of 26.9%. In the town investment, the primary industry investment 225.6 billion yuan, an increase of 54.5% over the previous year; secondary industry investment 650.36 billion yuan, an increase of 28.0%; tertiary industry investment 808.75 billion yuan, an increase of 24.1%. Annual real estate development investment of 305.8 billion yuan, an increase of 20.9% over the previous year. Among them, the eastern region 183.25 billion yuan, an increase of 17.1%; central region 628.7 billion yuan, an increase of 31.7%; western region 596.7 billion yuan, an increase of 22.7%. According to the project use, commercial residential investment 220.81 billion yuan, an increase of 22.6%; office investment 111.2 billion yuan, an increase of 7.4%; commercial premises investment of 320 billion yuan, an increase of 14.9%. V. Domestic Trade Total retail sales of consumer goods for the year amounted to 1084.88 billion yuan, an increase of 21.6% over the previous year. Geographically, retail sales of consumer goods in cities amounted to 7,373.5 billion yuan, an increase of 22.1%; retail sales of consumer goods in counties and sub-counties amounted to 3,475.3 billion yuan, an increase of 20.7%. By industry, the retail sales of wholesale and retail trade amounted to 911.99 billion yuan, up 21.5%; the retail sales of accommodation and catering industry amounted to 1540.4 billion yuan, up 24.7%; the retail sales of other industries amounted to 188.5 billion yuan, up 3.7%. In the wholesale and retail industry above the limit of retail sales, food and oil retail sales increased by 22.7% over the previous year, meat, poultry and eggs increased by 22.3%, apparel increased by 25.9%, automobile increased by 25.3%, petroleum and products increased by 39.9%, daily necessities increased by 17.1%, cultural and office supplies increased by 17.9%, communication equipment increased by 1.4%, household electrical appliances and audio-visual equipment increased by 14.2%, building and construction and audio-visual equipment increased by 14.2%, building and construction equipment increased by 14.4% and home appliances and audio-visual equipment increased by 14.2%. Increase of 14.2%, construction and decoration materials decreased by 12.0%, furniture increased by 22.6%, cosmetics increased by 22.1%, gold, silver and jewelry increased by 38.6%, Chinese and Western medicines increased by 14.8%. Sixth, the foreign economy Annual total import and export of goods 256.16 billion U.S. dollars, an increase of 17.8% over the previous year. Of which, exports of goods 14285 billion U.S. dollars, an increase of 17.2%; imports of goods 1133.1 billion U.S. dollars, an increase of 18.5%. The difference between imports and exports (exports minus imports) 295.5 billion U.S. dollars, an increase of 32.8 billion U.S. dollars over the previous year. Annual non-financial areas of newly approved 27,514 foreign direct investment enterprises, a decrease of 27.3% over the previous year. The actual use of foreign direct investment amounted to 92.4 billion U.S. dollars, an increase of 23.6%. Among them, manufacturing industry accounted for 54.0%; real estate industry accounted for 20.1%; leasing and business services accounted for 5.5%; wholesale and retail trade accounted for 4.8%; and transportation, warehousing and postal services accounted for 3.1%. Annual non-financial outward foreign direct investment amounted to 40.7 billion U.S. dollars, an increase of 63.6% over the previous year. Annual turnover of 56.6 billion U.S. dollars in foreign contracted projects, an increase of 39.4% over the previous year; foreign labor cooperation turnover of 8.1 billion U.S. dollars, an increase of 19.1%. Seven, transportation, post and telecommunications and tourism Annual transportation, storage and postal industry added value of 165.9 billion yuan, an increase of 7.6% over the previous year. Annual ports above designated size completed 5.87 billion tons of cargo throughput, an increase of 11.5% over the previous year, of which 1.92 billion tons of foreign trade cargo throughput, an increase of 7.0%. Port container throughput of 128.35 million TEUs, an increase of 12.2%. At the end of the year, the number of civilian cars in the country reached 64.67 million (including 14.92 million three-wheeled vehicles and low-speed trucks), an increase of 13.5% over the end of the previous year, of which 41.73 million private cars, an increase of 18.1%. Civilian car ownership of 24.38 million, an increase of 24.5%, of which 19.47 million private cars, an increase of 28.0%. The annual total amount of postal and telecommunication business completed 238.41 billion yuan, an increase of 20.7% over the previous year. Among them, the total postal business 140.2 billion yuan, up 15.5%; telecommunications business 224.4 billion yuan, up 21.0%. Annual reduction of 1.56 million exchanges, with a total capacity of 5.1 billion. Fixed telephone users at the end of 340.81 million. Among them, 232 million urban telephone users, 108.81 million rural telephone users. New cell phone users 93.92 million, reaching 641.23 million at the end of the year. At the end of the year, the total number of fixed and cell phone users nationwide reached 982.04 million, an increase of 69.09 million over the end of the previous year. The telephone penetration rate reached 74.3 per 100 people. The number of Internet users was 300 million, of which 270 million were broadband users. The annual number of inbound tourists amounted to 130.03 million, a decrease of 1.4% compared with the previous year. Among them, 24.33 million were foreigners, down 6.8 percent; Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan compatriots 105.7 million, down 0.1 percent. Among the inbound tourists, there were 53.05 million overnight travelers, down 3.1 percent. Foreign exchange earnings from international tourism amounted to 40.8 billion U.S. dollars, down 2.6 percent. The number of domestic residents leaving the country amounted to 45.84 million, an increase of 11.9%. Among them, 40.13 million trips were made privately, an increase of 14.9%, accounting for 87.5% of the total number of outbound travelers. The number of domestic travelers reached 1.71 billion, an increase of 6.3%; domestic tourism revenue of 874.9 billion yuan, an increase of 12.6%. VIII. Finance At the end of the year, the balance of broad money supply (M2) was 47.5 trillion yuan, an increase of 17.8% over the end of the previous year; the balance of narrow money supply (M1) was 16.6 trillion yuan, an increase of 9.1%; the balance of cash in circulation (M0) was 3.4 trillion yuan, an increase of 12.7%. At the end of the year, the balance of deposits of all financial institutions in local and foreign currencies was 47.8 trillion yuan, up 19.3%; the balance of loans of all financial institutions in local and foreign currencies was 32.0 trillion yuan, up 17.9%. The annual balance of RMB loans from rural financial cooperative institutions (rural credit unions, rural cooperative banks and rural commercial banks) was 3.7 trillion yuan, an increase of 590.8 billion yuan over the beginning of the year. The balance of RMB consumer loans of all financial institutions was 3.7 trillion yuan, an increase of 460.9 billion yuan. Among them, the balance of individual short-term consumer loans was 0.4 trillion yuan, an increase of 103.5 billion yuan; the balance of individual medium- and long-term consumer loans was 3.3 trillion yuan, an increase of 357.5 billion yuan. Throughout the year, listed companies raised a total of 339.6 billion yuan through the domestic market, 394.7 billion yuan less than the previous year. Among them, the initial public offering of 75 A shares, raising 106.6 billion yuan, a decrease of 348.7 billion yuan; A-share re-financing (including share placements, public offering, non-public offering, warrants) to raise 133.2 billion yuan, a decrease of 104.6 billion yuan; listed companies through the issuance of convertible bonds, secured bonds, corporate bonds to raise 99.8 billion yuan, an increase of 58.7 billion yuan. The annual enterprise **** issued bonds of 205.2 billion yuan, an increase of 343.7 billion yuan over the previous year. Among them, financial bonds 11,797 billion yuan, a decrease of 11.6 billion yuan; enterprise (corporate) bonds 265.5 billion yuan, an increase of 83.4 billion yuan; short-term financing bonds 433.2 billion yuan, an increase of 98.2 billion yuan; medium-term notes 173.7 billion yuan, an increase of 173.7 billion yuan. The annual original insurance premium income of insurance companies was RMB978.4 billion, an increase of 39.1% over the previous year, of which the original insurance premium income from life insurance business was RMB665.8 billion; the original insurance premium income from health insurance and accidental injury insurance business was RMB78.9 billion; and the original insurance premium income from property insurance business was RMB233.7 billion. Payment of all kinds of claims and benefits amounted to RMB 297.1 billion, of which RMB 131.5 billion was paid for life insurance; RMB 23.8 billion was paid for health and accident insurance; and RMB 141.8 billion was paid for property and casualty insurance. Nine, education, science and technology throughout the year, graduate education enrollment of 44.6 million, in the study of 128.3 million graduate students, graduates 34.5 million. General higher education enrollment of 607.7 million, 20.21 million students, graduates 5.12 million. Various types of secondary vocational education enrollment of 810.0 million, 20,563,000 students, graduates 570.6 million. National general high school enrollment of 837.0 million, 2476.3 million students, graduates 836.1 million. Junior high school enrollment of 18,562,000 people, 55,742,000 students, graduates 18,629,000 people. Ordinary elementary school enrollment of 16,957,000 people, 10,331.5 million students, graduates 18,650,000 people. Special education enrollment of 62,000, 41.7 million students. Kindergarten enrollment of 2475.0 million children. Annual research and experimental development (R & D) expenditure of 457 billion yuan, an increase of 23.2% over the previous year, accounting for 1.52% of GDP, of which 20 billion yuan of basic research funds. Throughout the year, the state arranged 922 science and technology support program projects and 1205 "863" program projects. Seven new national engineering research centers and 51 national engineering laboratories were established. The number of state-recognized enterprise technology centers reached 575. The number of provincial enterprise technology centers reached 4886. The number of domestic and foreign patent applications received throughout the year was 828,000, of which 717,000 were domestic applications, accounting for 86.6%. Domestic and foreign invention patent applications were accepted in 290,000 cases, of which domestic applications were 195,000 cases, accounting for 67.1%. Patent rights were granted in 412,000 cases, of which 352,000 cases were authorized domestically, accounting for 85.5%. Patents for inventions were granted in 94,000 cases, of which 47,000 cases were authorized domestically, accounting for 49.7%. By the end of 2008, there were 1.195 million valid patents, of which 925,000 were domestic valid patents, accounting for 77.4%; 337,000 valid invention patents, of which 128,000 were domestic valid invention patents, accounting for 37.9%. Annual **** signed 22.6 million technology contracts, technology contracts amounted to 266.5 billion yuan, an increase of 19.7% over the previous year. Annual successful launch of 11 satellites, Shenzhou VII manned space flight was a complete success. At the end of the year the country **** there are 24,300 product testing laboratories, including 376 national testing centers. The country's existing product quality, system certification organizations 170, has completed a total of 3.8 million enterprises product certification. National **** there are 3,701 legal measurement of technical institutions, the annual mandatory calibration of measuring instruments 41.9 million units (pieces). Annual formulation and revision of national standards 6,373, of which 2,714 newly formulated. There are 1,314 seismic stations and 31 seismic telemetry networks nationwide. There are 67 marine observatories and more than 9,200 marine monitoring stations nationwide***. The surveying and mapping department publicly published 1,834 kinds of maps and 309 kinds of surveying and mapping books. X. Culture, Health and Sports At the end of the year, there were 2,575 performing arts groups, 3,171 cultural centers, 2,825 public *** libraries, and 1,798 museums nationwide***. There were 257 radio stations, 277 television stations, 2,069 radio and television stations, and 45 educational stations. There are 163.42 million cable TV subscribers and 45.03 million cable digital TV subscribers. At the end of the year, the comprehensive population coverage rate of radio programs was 96.0%; the comprehensive population coverage rate of TV programs was 97.0%. The annual production of 406 feature films, science and education, documentary, animation and special films 73. Published 44.5 billion copies of various newspapers, 3 billion copies of various periodicals and 6.9 billion copies of books. At the end of the year, there were 3,987 archives nationwide, and 72.67 million volumes (pieces) of all kinds of archives had been opened. At the end of the year, there were 300,000 health institutions nationwide, including 60,000 hospitals and health centers, 28,000 community health service centers (stations), 3,020 maternity and child health care centers (institutes and stations), 1,344 specialized disease control centers (institutes and stations), 3,560 disease prevention and control centers (vaccination stations), and 2,591 health supervision and control institutes (centers). There are 4.92 million health technicians, of whom 2.05 million are licensed physicians and physician assistants and 1.62 million are registered nurses. There are 3.69 million beds in hospitals and health centers. There are 39,000 township health centers with 820,000 beds and 874,000 health technicians. The annual number of cases of infectious diseases reported by the law in categories A and B was 3.541 million, with 12.433 deaths; the reported incidence rate of infectious diseases was 268.01 per 100,000, and the death rate was 0.94 per 100,000. Annual sportsmen and women in 24 programs **** won 120 world championships, 11 people 2 teams 16 times 16 world records. In the Beijing Olympic Games, our athletes *** won 51 gold medals, 21 silver medals, 28 bronze medals, a total of 100 medals, ranked first in the Olympic gold medal list, the second medal list. In the Beijing Paralympics, our athletes *** won 89 gold medals, 70 silver medals, 52 bronze medals, reigning first in the gold medal list and medal list. Mass sports are flourishing. XI. Population, People's Life and Social Security At the end of the year, the total population of the country was 1,328.02 million, an increase of 6.73 million over the end of the previous year. There were 16.08 million births in the year, with a birth rate of 12.14%. The death rate was 7.06%, and the natural growth rate was 5.08%. The natural growth rate was 5.08 percent. The sex ratio at birth was 120.56. The per capita net income of rural residents for the year was 4,761 yuan, a real increase of 8.0 percent over the previous year after deducting the factor of price increases; the per capita disposable income of urban residents was 15,781 yuan, a real increase of 8.4 percent. The proportion of food consumption expenditures in rural households to total household consumption expenditures was 43.7%, and in urban households 37.9%. According to the 2008 rural poverty standard of 1,196 yuan, the number of rural poor at the end of the year was 40.07 million. At the end of the year, the number of people participating in urban basic pension insurance nationwide was 218.9 million, an increase of 17.53 million from the end of the previous year. Among them, 165.97 million were insured employees and 52.93 million were insured retirees. The number of people participating in urban basic medical insurance was 316.98 million, an increase of 93.87 million. Among them, the number of urban workers participating in basic medical insurance was 20.48 million, and the number of urban residents participating in basic medical insurance was 116.5 million. The number of rural migrant workers participating in urban medical insurance was 42.49 million, an increase of 11.18 million. The number of people participating in unemployment insurance was 124 million, an increase of 7.55 million. The number of people participating in work-related injury insurance was 138.1 million, an increase of 16.37 million. Among them, 49.76 million rural migrant workers participated in work injury insurance, an increase of 9.96 million. The number of people participating in maternity insurance was 91.81 million, an increase of 14.06 million. 2,729 counties (cities and districts) have carried out new types of rural cooperative medical care, with the participation rate of new types of rural cooperative medical care at 91.5%. The total cumulative expenditure of the new rural cooperative medical care fund amounted to 42.9 billion yuan, benefiting 370 million people. The number of urban medical assistance visits for the year was 5.13 million, an increase of 16.0 per cent over the previous year. Rural medical assistance was provided to 9.36 million people, an increase of 148.0 percent. The number of people subsidized by civil affairs departments for rural cooperative medical care reached 27.8 million. At the end of the year, the number of people receiving unemployment insurance benefits nationwide amounted to 2.61 million. Throughout the year, 23.34 million urban residents were guaranteed a minimum living standard by the government, an increase of 620,000 over the previous year; 42.91 million rural residents were guaranteed a minimum living standard by the government, an increase of 7.25 million. At the end of the year, there were 2.35 million beds in all kinds of adoptive social welfare units nationwide, and 1.89 million people of all kinds had been adopted. In cities and towns, there were 109,000 community service facilities of various kinds, and 9,871 community service centers. The annual sales of social welfare lottery tickets amounted to 60.4 billion yuan, raising 21.1 billion yuan of public welfare lottery funds, and receiving 48.2 billion yuan of social donations. Resources, environment and production safety The annual construction occupied 19.16 million hectares of arable land. Cultivated land destroyed by disasters amounted to 2.48 million hectares. The ecological fallow land was 0.76 million hectares. Due to agricultural structural adjustment to reduce arable land 2.49 million hectares. Land reorganization and reclamation development supplemented 22.96 million hectares of arable land. The net reduction of arable land for the year was 1.93 million hectares. The total water resources for the year were 271.27 billion cubic meters, an increase of 7.4% over the previous year; per capita water resources were 2,048 cubic meters, an increase of 6.9%. The average annual precipitation was 659 millimeters, an increase of 8.0%. At the end of the year, the country's large reservoirs stored 196.2 billion cubic meters of water, more than at the end of the previous year, 9.3 billion cubic meters of water. Annual total water consumption of 584 billion cubic meters, an increase of 0.4% over the previous year. Among them, living water consumption increased by 0.6%, industrial water consumption increased by 1.8%, agricultural water consumption decreased by 0.2%, and ecological recharge decreased by 0.7%. Ten thousand yuan of GDP water consumption 231.8 cubic meters, down 7.9% from the previous year. Ten thousand yuan of industrial added value of water consumption 130.3 cubic meters, down 7.0%. Per capita water consumption of 440.9 cubic meters, down 0.1%. Land resources surveys and geological surveys found 209 new large and medium-sized mineral deposits, of which, 38 energy deposits, 90 metal deposits, 79 non-metallic deposits, water and gas deposits in two. There are 57 kinds of minerals new identified resource reserves, of which, 1.34 billion tons of oil, natural gas 647.2 billion cubic meters, 23.11 billion tons of coal. The annual afforestation area of 4.77 million hectares was completed, including 3.29 million hectares of artificial afforestation. Key forestry projects completed afforestation of 3.12 million hectares, accounting for 65.4% of the total afforestation area. The entire population was obliged to plant 2.31 billion trees. By the end of 2008, the number of nature reserves had reached 2,538, including 303 state-level nature reserves. A new area of 47,000 square kilometers has been added to the comprehensive treatment of soil erosion, and a new area of 26,000 square kilometers has been added to the implementation of sealing and protection of soil erosion areas. Preliminary estimates show that total energy consumption for the year was 2.85 billion tons of standard coal, an increase of 4.0% over the previous year. Coal consumption of 2.74 billion tons, an increase of 3.0%; crude oil consumption of 360 million tons, an increase of 5.1%; natural gas consumption of 80.7 billion cubic meters, an increase of 10.1%; power consumption of 3,450.2 billion kilowatt hours, an increase of 5.6%. The national energy consumption of 10,000 yuan of GDP fell by 4.59 percent. The consumption of major raw materials, steel consumption of 540 million tons, an increase of 4.2%; refined copper consumption of 5.38 million tons, an increase of 6.9%; aluminum consumption of 12.6 million tons, an increase of 4.3%; ethylene consumption of 9.98 million tons, a decline of 2.9%; cement consumption of 1.37 billion tons, an increase of 3.5%. Seven major water systems, 409 water quality monitoring sections, Ⅰ - Ⅲ class water quality sections accounted for 55.0%, an increase of 5.1 percentage points over the previous year; the proportion of poor V class water quality sections accounted for 20.8%, a decline of 2.8 percentage points over the previous year. Seven water quality in general continued to improve, part of the basin is still seriously polluted. Nearshore waters in 301 seawater quality monitoring points, to meet the national water quality standards for seawater of one or two categories of monitoring points accounted for 70.4%, an increase of 7.6 percentage points over the previous year; three categories of seawater accounted for 11.3%, a decline of 0.5 percentage points; four categories, the inferior four categories of seawater accounted for 18.3%, a decline of 7.0 percentage points. The area of the national sea area that did not meet the clean sea water quality standards was 13.7 million square kilometers, a decrease of 0.8 million square kilometers compared with the previous year, of which, the area of seriously polluted sea area was 2.5 million square kilometers. The Bohai Sea seriously polluted sea area of 0.3 million square kilometers. Among the 519 cities monitored, 399 cities' air quality reached the standard of Grade 2 or above (including Grade 2), accounting for 76.9% of the number of monitored cities; 113 cities were Grade 3, accounting for 21.8%; and 7 cities were Grade 3, accounting for 1.3%. In the monitored 392 cities, the quality of sound environment in urban areas accounted for 7.9%, 63.8% were better, 27.0% were lightly polluted, and 1.3% were moderately polluted. Annual average temperature of 9.6 ℃, 0.5 ℃ lower than the previous year. Annual **** 10 typhoons landed in China, an increase of 2. At the end of the year, the daily capacity of urban sewage treatment plant reached 82.95 million cubic meters, an increase of 16.1% over the end of the previous year; urban sewage treatment rate of 65.3%, an increase of 2.4 percentage points; centralized heating area of 3.21 billion square meters, an increase of 6.6%; built-up areas of the green space rate of 31.6%, an increase of 0.3 percentage points. Annual direct economic losses caused by various types of natural disasters 1175.2 billion yuan, an increase of 4.0 times over the previous year. Annual crop damage of 39.99 million hectares, down 18.4%. Among them, 4.03 million hectares, down 29.8 percent. Annual **** forest fires occurred 1.3 million, up 45.2%. Annual direct economic losses caused by floods 63.5 billion yuan, down 23.1 percent; 686 deaths, down 41.3 percent. Annual direct economic losses caused by drought disasters amounted to 30.7 billion yuan, down 60.9%. Annual direct economic losses due to marine disasters amounted to 20.6 billion yuan, an increase of 1.3 times. The accumulated area of red tide was 13,738 square kilometers, an increase of 18.3%. Annual low-temperature freezing and snowstorms caused direct economic losses of 159.5 billion yuan, 162 deaths. Annual actual occurrence of various types of geological disasters 2.7 million, direct economic losses of 18.37 billion yuan, 656 deaths. Annual mainland area **** occurred more than 5 magnitude earthquake 87 times, into the disaster 17 times, resulting in direct economic losses of 852.3 billion yuan, the death of nearly 70,000 people. Among them, the Sichuan Wenchuan earthquake magnitude 8.0, causing direct economic losses of 845.1 billion yuan. Annual production safety accidents killed 91,172 people, down 10.2% from the previous year. Billions of yuan of GDP deaths in production safety accidents for 0.312 people, down 24.5%; industrial, mining and commercial enterprises employing 100,000 people in production safety accidents deaths for 2.82 people, down 7.5%; coal mines million tons of deaths for 1.182 people, down 20.4%. Annual **** 26.5 million road traffic accidents, resulting in 7.3 million deaths, 30.5 million people were injured, with direct property damage of 1.01 billion yuan; road traffic deaths of 4.3 million people, a decrease of 0.8 people. Note: 1. The data in this bulletin are preliminary statistics. 2. 2. The statistics do not include the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, the Macao Special Administrative Region and Taiwan Province. 3. Some of the data are not equal to sub-totals due to rounding. 4. GDP and value-added of various industries are calculated in absolute terms at current prices, and the growth rate is calculated at constant prices. 5. 6 major high energy-consuming industries are: chemical materials and chemical products manufacturing industry, non-metallic mineral products industry, ferrous metal smelting and rolling processing industry, non-ferrous metal smelting and rolling processing industry, petroleum processing and coking and nuclear fuel processing industry, the production and supply of electricity and heat. 6. Steel production and consumption data contain part of the use of steel processing into other steel double-counting factors. 7. Fixed asset investment by the eastern, central and western regions of the total data is less than the national data, because some of the cross-regional investment is not calculated in the regional data. 8. Investment in real estate industry in addition to real estate development investment, including the construction of self-built housing units, as well as property management, intermediary services and other real estate investment. 9. Original insurance premium income refers to the premium income from original insurance contracts recognized by insurance enterprises. 10. The number of urban workers' basic medical insurance includes insured workers and insured retirees. The basic medical insurance for urban residents is for urban non-employed persons who are not covered by the basic medical insurance for urban workers. (11) The number of rural poor people is based on the newly revised rural poverty standard, which is not fully comparable with the historical data. 12. The water consumption of 10,000 yuan GDP is calculated at constant 2005 prices, and the total volume of postal and telegraph services is calculated at constant 2000 prices. Citation needed