Harmful effects of radiation on the human body

It is well known that radiation and radioactive substances are harmful. What exactly are the hazards to the human body? The human body is irradiated by radiation, with the increase of the dose of radiation, there may be some random harmful effects. For example, it may induce leukemia, thyroid cancer, bone tumors and other malignant tumors; it may also cause genetic mutations and chromosomal aberrations in the human genetic material, resulting in congenital malformations, miscarriages, stillbirths, infertility and other diseases. However, the chances of this happening are very low, and its danger generally does not exceed the range acceptable to people at present. In the case of accidents, if the dose of radiation to the human body reaches a certain level, some definite expected harmful effects may occur. Such as the human eye crystals once by more than 2 Gray's X or γ-ray irradiation, in 3 weeks after the lens may appear cloudy, the formation of cataracts; the human skin by a different dose of irradiation, respectively, hair loss, erythema, blisters and ulcers necrosis and other damages; in addition, it may also cause anemia, reduced immune function, shortened life expectancy, as well as the endocrine and reproductive dysfunction, and so on. When the human body in a short period of time (a few seconds to a few days) by more than 1 Gray dose of radiation exposure, acute radiation sickness, life-threatening; organism in a longer period of time by the ultra-dose limit of the radiation effect may lead to chronic radiation sickness, resulting in hematopoietic tissue damage mainly in the whole body of chronic radiation damage. This situation is mainly for occupational personnel engaged in radiation work and rarely occurs in the public, nor does it include localized medical exposure. Of course, radiation can also be used for the benefit of mankind. The use of radiation in hospitals is often used for the diagnosis and treatment of certain diseases in the human body and can be uniquely effective. At the same time, it is also widely used in the fields of industry and agriculture, scientific research and national defense construction. The key to us is to do a scientific use, strictly strengthen the protection, so that the human body from its harm.