Each ton of garbage incineration can generate more than 300 kWh of electricity, and the domestic garbage generated by about 5 people can meet the daily electricity demand of 1 person through incineration.
Waste incineration facilities must be equipped with flue gas treatment facilities to prevent heavy metals and organic pollutants from being discharged into environmental media again. Recycling the heat generated by garbage incineration can achieve the purpose of waste reuse.
Generally, the temperature in the furnace is controlled above 850℃, and the volume after incineration can be reduced by 50-80%, and the combustible garbage collected by classification can even be reduced by 90% after incineration. Incineration combined with high temperature (1650- 1800℃) thermal decomposition and melting treatment can further reduce the volume.
Extended data:
The gas-controlled pyrolysis incinerator divides the incineration process into two combustion chambers, and the thermal decomposition temperature of the garbage in the first combustion chamber is controlled within 700℃, so that the garbage can be decomposed at low temperature under anoxia. At this time, copper, iron, aluminum and other metal elements will not be oxidized, which will greatly reduce the amount of dioxin. At the same time, due to anoxic combustion, the amount of HCl produced will decrease.
And is difficult to generate in large quantities in a reducing atmosphere. Because the gas-controlled garbage incinerator is a solid bed, it will not produce smoke and dust, and there will be no unburned residual carbon entering the secondary combustion chamber. Combustible components in garbage are decomposed into combustible gas, which is introduced into the second combustion chamber with enough oxygen for combustion. The temperature of the secondary combustion chamber is about 1000℃, and the flue length makes the flue gas residence time longer than 2s, which ensures the complete decomposition and combustion of toxic organic gases such as dioxins at high temperature.
The process units of a typical municipal solid waste incineration system include:
1, in the garbage metering system;
2. Garbage unloading and storage system;
3. Garbage feeding system;
4. Garbage incineration system;
5. Incineration waste heat utilization system;
6. Flue gas purification and emission system;
7, ash treatment or utilization system;
8, sewage treatment or recovery system;
9. On-line monitoring system for flue gas emission;
10, garbage incineration automatic control system.
References:
Baidu encyclopedia-garbage incineration