Eco-environmental impact benefit evaluation system

The South-to-North Water Diversion Project is a basic and strategic major water resources allocation project across river basins and provinces and cities in China, and its implementation will have a far-reaching impact on the ecological environment of the water diversion area and the water receiving area. At present, the research on the impact of South-to-North Water Diversion Project on the ecological environment of the water-receiving area has achieved many beneficial results, but there are few quantitative studies on the impact of South-to-North Water Diversion Project on the ecological environment of the water-receiving area, and the theory and method of evaluation are still far from perfect. According to the feasibility study report and planning of the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project, after the first phase of the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project is opened, the North-to-North Water Transfer Project will be used not only for necessary production, life and industry, but also for ecological environment. The first phase of the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project and the South-to-North Water Diversion Ecological Project have brought ecological and environmental benefits to the water receiving area, especially to Henan Province, which is also the research object of this paper.

The eco-environmental benefit of Henan water receiving area in the first phase of South-to-North Water Transfer Project refers to the increment of ecosystem service function of various surface ecosystems in Henan water receiving area on the basis of the original ecosystem service function after the opening of the first phase of South-to-North Water Transfer Project.

On the basis of previous studies, based on the basic theories of ecology, eco-economics, environmental economics, environmental water conservancy, eco-environmental impact assessment theory and ecosystem service value, and on the basis of eco-hydrological zoning of the water receiving area, this study quantitatively studied the eco-environmental benefits brought by the first phase of South-to-North Water Transfer Project from two aspects of material quality and value, aiming at providing a basis for the formulation of eco-environmental protection planning and water resources management strategy of Henan Province in the first phase of South-to-North Water Transfer Project.

The eco-environmental benefits of the water receiving area in Henan discussed in this book mainly refer to the eco-environmental benefits of the surface ecosystem in the study area, including the soil and water conservation forest ecosystem increased by soil and water conservation measures during the project implementation, the urban green space ecosystem that can be conserved by the North-to-North Water Transfer Project, and the wetland ecosystem supplemented by the North-to-North Water Transfer Project (it is worth pointing out that the river ecosystem in the surface ecosystem is not included in this study due to the lack of data support for increasing river water supply by the North-to-North Water Transfer Project).