1 Content and Scope of Application
This regulation specifies the overhaul content, overhaul requirements and overhaul methods of PCM terminal equipment.
This procedure is applicable to the field maintenance of SDM-9D PCM terminal equipment by the relay protection communication staff of infrastructure, production and operation units. 2 Referenced standards
The following standards contain provisions that are referenced in this procedure and constitute the provisions of this procedure. The editions shown are valid at the time of publication of this procedure. All standards are subject to revision, and parties using this procedure should explore the possibility of using the latest versions of the standards listed below. SDM-9D User Manual
SDM Series Equipment Network Management Operation Manual 3 Inspection and Maintenance Items
The commissioning, shutdown or overhaul of the PCM equipment of the Southern Hebei Power Grid is uniformly arranged by the operation department of the provincial central regulator, and temporary shutdown or inspection
If temporary shutdown or inspection
is required, an application should be made to the provincial communication dispatching first, and the inspection and troubleshooting items are allowed to be carried out only after approval is granted.
The items of PCM terminal equipment inspection and troubleshooting are shown in the table below. The items of inspection and troubleshooting are shown in the table
Note 1. Full inspection cycle: according to the unified arrangement of the provincial communication dispatching. 2. Partial inspection cycle: monthly. 2. Partial inspection cycle: 1 time per month. 3. Specialized inspection cycle: 1 time per week.
4. The items in the table with a "√" symbol indicates that the inspection is required.
Description: PCM equipment is diagnosed and evaluated as "normal state", "abnormal state" and "serious state" according to the operation status, and the corresponding maintenance operation is carried out according to the result type. According to the result type, the corresponding maintenance operation will be carried out. In "Normal Condition", all inspections and part of the inspections can be carried out according to the normal cycle, and professional inspections can be arranged according to the actual situation. "Abnormal state" according to the type of defects in the equipment to apply for the provincial transfer to arrange the maintenance period, and strengthen the professional inspection. The "serious state" when applying for the arrangement of immediate maintenance.
4 Equipment Overview and Parameters 4.1 Equipment Overview
There is one set of PCM terminal equipment in this plant, and the equipment model is SMD-9D. The equipment is installed in the communication room of the production office building, docking with the PCM terminal equipment of the provincial company, mainly providing 64K channels for communication, dispatching, telecommunication and power billing. The equipment is composed as follows:
The equipment is divided into common unit and user interface unit, and the common unit of SMD-9D equipment includes: 4U frame, power supply board, and crossover board. The power supply board is fixed to use the 18th and 19th slots, which are incompatible with other slots and have anti-misplaced functions. Configure two power supply boards to provide hot backup function.
The crossover boards are fixed in slots 9 and 10, which are incompatible with other slots and have anti-misplaced functions. The hot backup function is provided when two crossover boards are configured.
The user interface boards include 1 each of 2-wire voice interface board, 4WE/M audio interface board, 64K inverted data board, and 2M interface board.
4.2 Main Performance and Parameters 4.2.1 Main Performance
4.2.1.1 User Interface Access and Management Function 4.2.1.2 Data and Signaling Cross-Connection Function 4.2.1.3 System Synchronization Function
4.2.1.4 Equipment Network Control and Management Function 4.2.2 Technical Parameters and Indexes
4.2.2.1 Working Power Supply
Input Voltage: -36V ~ -60V Nominal: -48V
Total Power Consumption: Approx. 50W (Static Power Consumption when the machine is fully configured)
4.2.2.2 Environmental Conditions
Storage Temperature: -40 ℃ ～ ＋70 ℃ Operating Temperature: -10 ℃ ～ ＋45 ℃ Humidity: 10% ~ 90%
4.2.2.1 Environmental Conditions
Storage Temperature: -40 ℃ ～ +70 ℃ Operating Humidity: 10 ～ 90 90%
4.2.2.3 E1 (2Mb/s) Interface 1) Bit Rate: 2048Kb/s±50PPm
2) Interface Characteristics: Conforms to ITU-T G.703 Interface Code Pattern: HDB3
Interface Impedance: 75Ω or 120Ω selectable, the default is configured as 75Ω 3) Frame Structure: Conforms to ITU-T G.704 CAS/CCS. G.704 CAS/CCS signaling 4) Jitter Characteristics: Conforms to ITU-T G.823
4.2.2.4 Voice Interface
1) Sampling Frequency:
2) Coding Law:
2) Coding Law:
3) Impedance:
4) Overload Points:
8KHz ±50PPm
A Law
600Ω
+3.14dB.
+3.14dBm
Conforms to ITU-T G.712, G.713 Conforms to ITU-T G.712, G.713
5) Return Loss:
6) Net Attenuation/Frequency Distortion:
7) Group Loss-Delay Frequency Distortion:
7) Group Loss-Delay Frequency Distortion: Conforms to ITU-T G.712, G.713 8) Idle Noise: 9) Total distortion:
Conforms to ITU-T G.712, G.713
Conforms to ITU-T G.712, G.713
10) Amplitude Characteristics: Conforms to ITU-T G.712, G.713 11) Single-ended Crosstalk: 12) Stability Loss:
Conforms to ITU-T G.712, G.713<
Conforms to ITU-T G.712, G.713
5 Inspection Steps and Methods
After the PCM equipment is put into operation, it can not be shut down except for the emergency failure.The PCM equipment overhauling must be agreed by the Provincial Communication Dispatch to make the connecting important channels and circuits well circuitized to ensure the normal use of the important channels and circuits. Before carrying out the equipment overhaul, the staff should study this regulation carefully, understand and be familiar with the contents and requirements of the inspection, master the working principle of the system equipment, and correctly cooperate with the debugging work of the provincial communication dispatching
5.1 Appearance and wiring inspection
5.1.1 Check the configuration, wiring, and connecting lines of the PCM equipment, and check the model and type of each plug-in, which is in line with the drawings. 5.1.2 The device should be free of any alarms, and all red and yellow indicators should be always off. 5.1.3 Check the operating voltage of the power plug-in, should be within the normal range.
5.1.4 Check the installation of each module, the positioning between the plug-in and socket is good, and the insertion depth is appropriate.
5.1.5 Cable marking is not lost, and cable bundling is not loose or detached; check the rear connection lines of each backplane, and the connection should be reliable. 5.2 PCM equipment cleaning treatment
5.2.1 should be regularly cleaned and maintained, so as to avoid the accumulation of dust affecting the equipment heat dissipation and connector contact.
5.2.2 hairdryer to remove the dust on the surface of the equipment, circuit board intervals and terminal rows, wear anti-static wrist with a brush or dry cloth to wipe clean, to ensure that the equipment is free of dust to see the original color. 5.3 Check the ambient temperature of the machine room
The machine room environment should be maintained in the safe operation of the equipment within the design, otherwise it will reduce the service life of the equipment or other failures. Measure the temperature and humidity of the equipment room with a thermometer and a hygrometer, and the measured value is within the permissible range of equipment operation.SDH Optical Transceiver should be installed in a dry, well-ventilated, air-conditioned room without corrosive gases, and the indoor temperature should be around 20°C or kept between 10°C and 30°C. The temperature of the room should be around 60% or 20%-30%, and the humidity should be around 60% or 20%-30%. The humidity should be 60% or 20%-80%, direct sunlight should be avoided, and sunrise windows should be shaded. 5.4 Power supply voltage indication check
Check the indication meter of power supply, which should be in the range of working power supply voltage. Use a multimeter to measure the input voltage of the power supply module of the PCM device and whether each output voltage is within the specified range. 5.5 Equipment labeling and marking check,
5.5.1 Check the marking and labeling of the incoming and outgoing wires against the wiring diagram
5.5.2 Check the rear connecting wires of the PCM, the connection should be reliable and the marking should be clear and correct. 5.6 Power supply and alarm function checking
5.6.1 Check the power supply board indication (RUN ) lamp, which does not light up, and the possible cases are:
a , power supply board indication meter, each output voltage should be measured with a multimeter to see if it is within the specified range of the operating power supply voltage. p>
a, poor contact of the power cord plug;
b, abnormal power supply voltage, exceeding the permissible range of the equipment;
c, part of the power supply board circuit or component damage, such as over-voltage, lightning strikes, etc.;
5.6.2 The main equipment alarm program check
Check whether the equipment alarm information is correctly transmitted to the operation of the short-connection alarm dry contact Duty room, check the cabinet alarm board indicator, check each circuit board operation indicator in the normal state. 5.7 Circuit Board Card Inspection 5.7.1 Power Supply Board (PWR)
The power supply board converts the external -48V DC power supply to -48VDC and +5VDC for internal use. When two power supply boards are configured as hot backup, when one power supply fails, the other power supply board will work automatically without interrupting the communication service.
Indicator Description:
RUN: RUN indicator, green light, when the power board is turned on and normal operation of the light is always on; -48V: power input indicator, green light, when there is a -48VDC power supply into the light is always on; 5.7.1.2 Cross-over board (DXC)
The DXC board is SMD-48VDC, +5VDC, -5VDC, -5VDC, -5VDC, -5VDC, and -5VDC. The DXC board is the core function board of SMD-9D. The main functions of the board are: ARM7-based management unit; 16384X16384 cross matrix; clock processing unit;
The indicators of the DXC board are as follows:
RUN : Running indicator, green light. When the DXC board is working normally, the light flashes (1 time per second); when the DXC board is configured for hot backup, the RUN light of the backup DXC board flashes slowly (1 time every 2 seconds);
Main ：Main ：Main alarm indication, red light. When the device or DXC board has a major alarm, the red light is on; Minor: minor alarm indication, yellow light. Yellow light when the device or DXC board has a secondary alarm;
LA : Ethernet control port status indicator, green light. When the Ethernet control port cable is connected, the green light is on; when there is data transmission on the Ethernet control port, the light flashes; 5.7.1.3 E1 Interface Board (MCU)
The MCU board is an E1 interface board. The main functions of this board are: framing and unframing of 8-channel E1, HDB3 compilation code and full digital clock extraction. The CPU system in the MCU board completes the configuration management of this board and is responsible for handling the communication with the DXC board.
The indicators on the MCU board are as follows:
RUN : RUN indicator, green. When the MCU board is working normally, the light flashes (1 time per second);
ALM: Alarm indication, red light. When the MCU board clock is lost or synchronization is lost, the red light is on; when there is a major alarm on the E1 interface, the red light is on; when there is a minor alarm on the E1 interface, the yellow light is on;
E1-1: When there is a major alarm on E1-1 (i.e., the 1st 2M signal), the red light is on, when there is a minor alarm, the yellow light is on, and when there is no alarm,
the light is off.
E1-2 to E1-8: Indicator description 5.7.1.4 VF Board
The VF board provides 8 channels of 2-wire audio services, which can be configured as FXS, FXO, RD, FXD (dual power supply/hot line). Each interface is a small module. The board generates the ringing signals separately.
FXS interface connects to ordinary telephone with caller ID function; FXO interface connects to program-controlled exchange;
Indicator Description:
RUN: Running indicator, green light. This light flashes when the VF board is working normally (1 time per second). ALM : Alarm indication, red light. When the VF board clock is lost or synchronization is lost, the red light is on;
CH1～CH8: The 1st to 8th service occupancy indication, green light. The corresponding lamps are on when occupied.
5.7.1.5 EM board (EM)
The EM board provides four two/four-wire EM interface services, with two-wire and four-wire audio selectable, and EM signaling.
Indicator Description:
RUN : Running indicator, green light. This light flashes when the EM board is working normally. ALM : Alarm indication, red light. When the EM board clock or synchronization is lost, the red light is on. 1E: 1st E line signaling occupancy indicator. 1M: 1st M-wire signaling occupancy indicator. 2E: 2nd E line signaling occupancy indicator. 2M: 2nd M line signaling occupancy indicator. 2M: 2nd M line signaling occupancy indicator. 3E: The 3rd E line signaling occupancy indicator. 3M: M line 3 signaling occupancy indicator. 4E: Line 4E signaling occupancy indicator. 4M: Line 4 M signaling occupancy indicator.
5.7.1.6 Inverting and Reversing Board (G703)
The 64kb/s inverting and reversing board provides up to 4 inverting and reversing interfaces, which can be configured as inverting and reversing interfaces through the network management software. Indicator light description:
RUN : Running indication, green light. This light flashes when the G703 board is working normally.
ALM : Alarm indication, red light. This light flashes red when the G703 board clock or synchronization is lost.
TD1: 1st G703 send data occupancy indication; when there is data, the light is on. RD1: 1st G703 receive data occupancy indication; the lamp lights when there is data.
TD2: Channel 2 G703 transmit data occupancy indication; the lamp lights when there is data.
RD2: 2nd G703 receive data occupancy indication; the lamp lights when there is data. TD3: 3rd G703 transmit data occupancy indication; the lamp lights when there is data. RD3: 3rd G703 receive data occupancy indication; the lamp lights when there is data. TD4: Channel 4 G703 transmit data occupancy indication; the lamp lights when there is data. RD4: Road 4 G703 receive data occupancy indication; the lamp lights when there is data. 5.8 Troubleshooting 5.8.1 System Troubleshooting 5.7.1.1 Single Board Out of Position Failure
The network management query "Single Board Out of Position" alarm indicates that there is an internal failure of the board, you can try to unplug and plug the board again, and if it still can't be eliminated, the board is damaged. If all the boards have "single board not in position" alarm, then the DXC board should be faulty. 5.7.1.2 Loss of Clock or Synchronization
The network management query "Loss of Clock" or "Loss of Synchronization" alarm indicates that there is an internal failure of the board, you can try to unplug the board, if still can not be eliminated, then the board is damaged. All boards have "lost clock" or "lost synchronization alarm" should be the DXC board failure.
5.7.1.3 DXC Board Failures
DXC board failures generally include: network management access interruptions, internal bus failures, and so on. 5.8.2 Service Troubleshooting 5.7.2.1 E1 Interface Failure
When LOS alarms appear on the E1 interface, the possible failure conditions:
a 、E1 interface cable input and output connection error, then the transmission equipment connected to the E1 interface should also have LOS alarms; b 、E1 interface receiving (input) direction is not available, including the cable and the connector; the use of segmentation loopback method to determine the failure point. method to determine the point of failure. c, E1 interface input and output loopback still have LOS alarm, then the MCU board failure;
E1 interface FLS alarm, the possible failure conditions:
a, E1 interface cable (including connectors) contact is not good, resulting in out-of-step; b, the interface impedance mismatch, resulting in a serious error caused by the out-of-step;
c, the receiving direction of transmission interruption (including the opposite end of the equipment to send faults), then the The opposite end of the equipment transmission failure), then the equipment should be at the same time AIS alarm;
d , E1 transmission channel is normal, the bureau/remote E1 port mode mismatch, framing mode (PCM30, PCM31) and non-framing mode (transparent transmission) pairs, the E1 port is set to frame mode will be received out-of-step alarm;
e , bureau/remote equipment is set at the same time to line clock, clock interlock (no device to provide a clock) may lead to out-of-step;
f 、Transmission channel error code, which leads to out-of-step in serious cases;
g 、E1 interface input/output loopback is still FLS alarms, then the MCU board failure;
E1 interface MFLS alarms, the possible fault conditions:
a 、Bureau/Remote end E1 interface mode mismatch, PCM30 mode and PCM31 mode pair, the E1 port set to PCM30 mode will have MFLS alarm;
b, E1 interface input/output loopback still have MFLS alarm is MCU board failure;
E1 interface RMT alarm, possible faults:
a, the far end E1 port Receiving failure, the remote end should have LOS or FLS alarm, such as transmission channel unidirectional interruption; b, the local E1 port sending failure, you can use the loopback method to determine whether the local end is normal; 5.7.2.2EM interface failure
EM interface failures are mainly poor sound quality or noise (including data terminals, such as MODEM, etc., error code), audio can not be reached, signaling can not be reached, etc., there are the following cases. Several situations:
a , the signal line connector is not connected, resulting in audio is not available;
b , the transmission line error caused by poor sound quality or noise, this time, the data interface should also have errors and other faults;
c , the protection of the ground line is not connected or not connected, which may result in poor sound quality or noise;
d , connected to the two equipment ground (power ground) is not available, resulting in signaling is not available or unreliable;
e, local/remote interface line and the terminal connected to the interface are normal, the data interface is normal, EM interface still can not communicate, then the EM board failure, you can use the method of loopback to determine whether the local failure or the opposite end of the failure;
f, EM board failure EM interface module loose or fall off, the EM interface module circuit is damaged;
g, the cross-configuration error caused by the inability to communicate, mainly in the addition/deletion of 5.7.2.3 Telephony Interface Failures
The telephony interface application generally consists of local FXO/remote FXS constituting the extension of subscriber line, and the failure phenomena are: no feed from off-hook, no dial tone from remote phone off-hook, no dialing (including dialing after dialing, or dialing but not ringing at the local end), no ringing of the remote phone, poor quality of sound or murmur, and the phone does not work, and so on. noise, the phone does not work, etc. There are mainly the following situations:
FXS interface failure:
a, the phone off the phone without feed, excluding wiring problems, it is an internal problem of the equipment;
b, the phone off the phone with feed and no dial tone, and the FXS side of the call occupancy indicator is lit or inbound phone ringing, but off the phone can not talk; may be a problem with the FXO interface;
c, the call occupancy indicator is on, but the phone off the phone can not talk;
The FXO interface problems;
The FXO interface is a new type of interface. c 、 Occupancy indicator is on when calling in, the phone does not ring, it may be the ringing module is damaged or the road interface is damaged, can be through the other road
(preferably not in the same module) to assist in determining whether the ringing module is damaged;
d 、 Protective ground is not connected or not connected, the user line is too long, which may result in poor quality of sound or murmur;
e 、 FXS board failures are FXS Interface Module loose or off, FXS interface module circuit damage;
FXO interface may be faulty:
a , the remote phone off the phone after the FXO interface is not occupied, the remote phone no dial tone, to rule out the problem of wiring, it is the FXO board problems; FXO interface occupancy can be occupied through the FXO interface occupancy indicator and measurement of the FXO interface (measured in the wiring rack) voltage To judge, the FXO interface voltage (provided by the switch user port, may be slightly different) should be around 10V when occupying;
b, the occupancy indicator does not light up when calling in, and the far-end phone does not ring, then it is the fault of the FXO board;
c, the fault of the FXO board has FXO interface module loosening or falling off, and the circuit of the FXO interface module is damaged;
Other possible faults:
a, FXO interface module is loose, and it is the fault of the remote end, and it is the fault of the far-end phone.
a, switch user interface problems, can be tested in the FXO side of the distribution frame connected to the phone to rule out;
b, transmission line errors caused by unsuccessful calls or poor sound quality, this time, the data interface should also have errors and other faults; c, cross-configuration errors lead to phone calls do not work, mainly in the addition/deletion of services;
6. Inspection and repair process and quality standards 6.1. Principles
Before carrying out the inspection, the staff should carefully study this procedure, understand and familiarize with the inspection content and requirements, and master the working principle of the system equipment.
6.1.1 The relevant preparation of the procedure
The percentage of error used in this procedure is calculated as follows:
Percentage of error = (actual value - the correct value)/correct value × 100% 6.1.2 The basic requirements of the inspection equipment and test wiring
6.1.2.1 The inspection instrumentation should be tested and qualified, and its accuracy should be not less than 0.5 grade. 0.5 grade.
6.1.2.2 The wiring principle of the test circuit should make the electrical quantity of the access device in line with the actual situation, and should have the conditions for the whole set of tests on the device.
6.1.2.4. In addition to this procedure, the test should have the following necessary procedures and information
Related drawings, records and the last test records (or factory test report).
6.1.2.5. To ensure the quality of the test, for each point in all the characteristics of the test, the test should be repeated three times, in which the data of each test and the correct value of the error should meet the specified requirements. 6.1.2.6. Matters to be noted in the inspection process
The terminals that need to be temporarily shorted or disconnected for the inspection shall be recorded one by one and promptly restored after the test. 6.2 Overall Check Acceptance and Restoration
6.2.1. Acceptance shall be reviewed by a second person, and the site shall be cleaned up at the end of the work without any leftover objects. 6.2.2. Check the internal information of the equipment in the screen cabinet, the information of the equipment should be the same as the original drawings on the labeling.
6.2.3. check the completion of the test, should be correct and complete restoration of the device's software and hardware settings, correct. 7 debugging, test run
PCM equipment should be debugged before being put into operation, normal before use. Through the debugging of the timely discovery of problems, solve the problem, so that the equipment is put into operation in a good state. Debugging includes: 7.1. test items
7.1.1. check the hardware configuration of the device, labeling and wiring, hardware configuration, labeling clear.
7.1.2. Check the device on the plug-in components of the appearance of quality, welding quality. The appearance of the components on the plug-in quality, welding quality should be good, all chips should be inserted tightly, the correct model, the chip placed in the correct position.
7.1.3. Check the model and type of each plug-in. Requirements: should be consistent with the design drawings of the equipment plug-in model and type.
7.1.4. Check the installation of each module. The plug-in should be inserted, pulled out flexibly, between the plug-in and socket positioning is good, the insertion depth is appropriate. 7.1.5. Check each backplane rear connection line, the connection should be reliable, and the labeling should be clear and correct. 7.2 Cable
7.2.1. check the wiring according to the wiring table whether the wiring is consistent with the drawings and correct its errors, pay special attention to the power cord can not be wrong;
7.2.2. and then turn on the machine, use a multimeter with a voltage file to measure the input voltage of the power supply module, the voltage test point on the back panel voltage within the specified range. 7.3. Whole machine pass-through adjustment
After plugging in the function boards, check whether there are any alarms on the board plug-ins of the switch and whether the functions are intact. 7.3.1. check whether the maintenance terminal is normal.
7.3.2. Check whether the settings of each channel are correct and in accordance with the actual situation and check its connection. 7.3.3. Check whether the halo setting and operation are normal.
7.3.4. Check whether the alarm function of the optical terminal is correct and complete.
7.3.5. Check whether the connecting BER of each call is within the specified range. 8, test conclusions
Test conclusions should include whether to meet the design requirements, can be put into operation, there are no residual problems, operational considerations.