Fresh: all belonging to the fresh, not after cooking and other thermal processing of vegetables and fruits, poultry and livestock, aquatic products in the fish, shellfish, etc., after a simple treatment of refrigeration, frozen or in the ambient temperature of the display racks on the sale of goods are collectively referred to as "fresh".
The types and functions of warehouses commonly used in fresh food e-commerce classification: ① the main purpose of the organization of material collection and distribution of distribution warehouses (commonly used in the origin of fresh fruits and vegetables); ② city distribution warehouses and end of the center of the distribution warehouses. (Commonly used in the city and consumer markets around)
Fresh food e-commerce commonly used warehouses: ordinary warehouses (normal use, there are companies will be ordinary warehouse transformed into a cold storage use) and cold storage warehouse. (According to the different requirements of the goods for the degree of freshness, ordinary warehouse and cold storage with the use of the ratio is slightly different.)
1, the city location factors: city distribution cold storage for the location of higher requirements, need to be close to the city center or the main consumer sites. In the dense distribution of urban agglomerations in the region (such as Shanghai Suzhou Hangzhou, etc.), it is necessary to take into account the rent of the cold storage, whether it is necessary to radiate the surrounding urban agglomerations, transportation time and transportation costs and other factors, to choose the optimal node.
- The location of distribution warehouses needs to be close to the origin of the products, often involves the rough processing of agricultural products, and often uses a lot of water, so there are certain requirements for water sources.
2, transportation: very very very important. As the fresh for the time requirements are very strict, in addition to affecting the consumer experience, but also seriously affects the loss of goods (at present, or loss rate of 3% -10%, while other industries loss of goods is much lower than this number), so the city distribution cold storage must be close to the place of well-developed land and water transportation (and even airports), railroads, highway transportation network network distribution area is preferred.
- Collective distribution warehouses and urban agglomerations of urban distribution warehouses with incoming and outgoing shipments of large quantities of features, the best near the highway trunk line or railroad
This paper takes the Shanghai area as an example of the layout of the cold storage as a reference, the red box in the figure for the highest density of the cold storage within the scope of the dense area of the transportation network, the region has a railroad through the highway network was a grid-like layout.
3, the regional environment: The cold storage site should be surrounded by a good health environment, to avoid pollution, as far as possible to choose the upwind zone in the industrial area.