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How to raise tropical fish
Necessary equipment for raising tropical fish
(1) Fish tank: is the place where tropical fish grow and move around. Keeping tropical fish fish tank must choose a slightly larger rectangular glass fish tank.
(2) suction pipe: used to change the water when sucking out the bottom of the fish tank dirty, with a soft rubber tube and glass tube connected and become. The length depends on the height of the aquarium. Generally take one meter two to one meter five.
(3) thermometer: used to measure and regulate the water temperature of the fish tank.
(4) Fish net: used to catch and transfer tropical fish.
(5) glass bucket: put the bulb into the glass bucket and sink it into the fish tank for heating and lighting. The mouth of the glass bucket must be 100mm above the water surface to prevent the fish from jumping into it.
(6) electric heaters: used to increase the temperature of the fish tank in winter.
(7) Air pump: to drive out the carbon dioxide in the aquarium and increase the oxygen capacity of the water.
(8) Filter: Filter out the dirt in the aquarium, keep the water clean, and play a dual role in increasing the amount of oxygen to purify the water.
(9) thermostat: used to automatically control the temperature in the aquarium, can keep the temperature constant for a long time.
(10) food bucket: prevent fish food floating on the water surface, which is favorable to fish predation. It can also prevent fish food from falling into the bottom of the water and drilling into the water plants, making the water plant sand black and corrupting the water quality.
(11) remove dirt liquid: made of plastic sheet. Used to scrape away the dust and oil on the surface of the aquarium.
Beginning to raise tropical fish preferred peacock fish
Peacock fish is a small tropical ornamental fish, the general body length of 3 to 5 centimeters, the fish body is delicate and delicate, swim agile and lively, body color colorful. It is mainly from South America, Brazil, Venezuela, Guyana and the West Indies and other places, according to its different characteristics and is divided into common peacockfish, swallowtail peacockfish, long-tailed peacockfish, piano tail peacockfish and yellow peacockfish.
It should be said that, among the many varieties of tropical ornamental fish, the peacock fish is not considered a noble fish species, both its selling price and the requirements of the surrounding living environment are not high, but it is because of the lively, beautiful and loved by people. Especially the male fish is more beautiful, in the greenish-brown body mixed with red, orange, yellow, green, green, blue, purple colors, as if the rainbow in the sky, so it also has a nice name - rainbow fish. At the same time, because of its abdomen has several small blue round spots, round spots around the lighter color rings, much like the peacock open screen on the eye-shaped spots, so there is also a "peacock fish," the name.
Some fish buyers told reporters that the peacock fish is popular, largely due to its gentle and lively temperament, will not fight with other fish, suitable for mixing with some of the fish without aggression; and it is not too selective of food, egg yolks, steamed bread crumbs, etc., can be fed, but the best feeding of artificial feeding of fish worms, nematodes, and other live bait; at the same time, it is on the water quality, the requirements of water temperature is not high, very easy to raise! It is very easy to feed and survive.
Generally, purebred peacockfish are larger, with large and spreading caudal and dorsal fins, more pure colors, more distinctive features, and higher prices, ranging from about 10 to 50 yuan per pair due to their good and bad strains; while hybrids or degenerate species are the opposite, and cheaper, generally only a few dollars per pair can be purchased. However, for first-time tropical fish keepers, it is still more cost-effective to buy hybrids and degenerate species, because this can accumulate a lot of experience in fish farming.
Also, it is best to first determine whether you are buying the fish for ornamental purposes or for breeding. If it is just for ornamental purpose, you can pick individuals with bright colors, grown tail fins and normal development of all fins; while if it is for breeding good peacockfish species, it is better to pick young and energetic peacockfish because fully matured peacockfish are not suitable for breeding although they have big tail fins and bright patterns.
Generally speaking, the principle of selecting peacockfish is not much different from that of selecting other fish, which is only to require that there is no abnormality on the body surface, no wounds, no broken fins and limbs, no tightness in all fins, no proliferation of organisms such as white hairs and white dots, the desire to eat, and quick response, and it is best to select individuals that have not been injured or died in the whole tank. However, a key point in purchasing peacockfish is to choose a male peacockfish that is as large as possible, with a large and spreading tail fin, and a lively swimmer. Usually buy two or three months old peacock fish.
In addition, while shopping for peacock fish, don't forget to buy another aquarium. The aquarium for peacock fish should not be too big, usually 60 centimeters long, 30 centimeters wide and 40 centimeters high, and you must pay attention to the water test before you buy to make sure there is no leakage before you buy.
After choosing a peacock fish, the next step is the bait. Peacock fish does not require much bait, usually can use water flea, water silk worm or with pellet feed.
When all the shopping is done, it's time for the process of breeding peacock fish.
Beginning to raise tropical fish "no zone"
Just bought the fish, in the habit of new environments, you can begin to feed, generally put the fish in the tank half a day later, if you find that the fish began to peck at the wall of the tank or the bottom of the tank covered with sand, that is to say, you can begin to feed. Some fish refuse to eat when they change their environment, so it is important to feed the fish the feed they like, which can be balanced with artificial feed and living feed. Be careful with portion sizes and avoid leftover scraps, which can rot and damage water quality.
Causing tropical fish disease, death of several reasons:
1, the water temperature drastic changes --- suitable for tropical fish survival of the optimal temperature of 25 ℃, but the temperature requirements of different species there are differences in the temperature, some of them to be as high as 30 ℃ or so, there are some favorite 20 ℃. Therefore, on average, 25℃ is a generally acceptable temperature. In addition, it is necessary to avoid drastic changes in water temperature, generally allowed to change the temperature range of 2 degrees.
2, stocking density is too large --- many people see aquariums can put a lot of lovely fish in a fish tank, so also at home in the fish tank to raise a lot of fish, this method of feeding, no matter which kind of fish will die. If you are keeping many different kinds of fish, you must consider the space for each kind of fish and reduce the number of fish. No matter what kind of fish you have, it is never a good thing to have a small tank with a lot of fish. Keeping tropical fish is very similar to the principle of keeping goldfish, the requirement of keeping a relatively wide water surface, and to keep a normal ratio with the number of keeping to ensure that the tropical fish have a sufficient supply of oxygen.
3, the type of feed --- tropical fish diet varies by species, can be roughly divided into animal, plant, omnivorous 3 categories. So we must understand the fish in the tank, what type, like to eat what food, categorized feeding.
4, disease --- tropical fish are sick for many reasons, including infected by bought sick fish, because the temperature is too low triggered by the white spot disease and water quality due to residual food corruption or fish feces and dirt decomposition caused by the deterioration.
Newly purchased tropical fish often with germs or parasites, because the condition is mild, has not yet appeared more obvious disease, it is not easy to notice when you buy, if you do not use medication directly into the aquarium, as soon as 2-3 days, as slow as 1 week to 2 weeks will be onset of the disease, or even cause death. Even if the newly purchased tropical fish is healthy, the capture and road transportation will sometimes cause injury to the fish body and bacterial infection. Therefore, it is a very important job to prevent disease and disinfect newly purchased tropical fish.
There are two more commonly used anti-disease and disinfection drugs, the first is table salt, which is safer, more effective and comes from a convenient source. Every 10 kilograms of water plus 100-300 grams, that is, formulated as 1-3% concentration of salt water, disinfection 5-20 minutes or so, the length of the bath time according to the water temperature depends on the high and low, can kill most of the germs and parasites.
The second is potassium permanganate, which can be added directly to the fish tank. The concentration of the drug is 10 kilograms of water with 0.03 grams of potassium permanganate. 0.03 grams of weight potassium permanganate weighing is not convenient. Therefore, first weigh 1 gram of potassium permanganate fully dissolved in 1 kilogram of water, i.e., formulated into one-thousandth of the concentration of the drug solution, stored in a Coca-Cola bottle for backup, and then use a pipette or a syringe to suck up 30 milliliters of potassium permanganate solution to add to the 10 kilograms of water, 24 hours after the use of the drug to change the water. However, it should be noted that for small tropical fish. Potassium permanganate is more toxic, after the drug should pay attention to the observation of tropical fish activity state, a found abnormal, immediately rescue, that is, a large number of water changes or will be out of tropical fish.
The accumulation of organic matter in the tank, such as bait and feces, can cause deterioration of water quality. Organic matter exists in two forms in the water column. One is particulate solid organic matter that has not yet been dissolved, and the other is organic matter that has been dissolved in the water. Dissolved organic matter by bacterial decomposition will become toxic ammonia nitrogen and nitrite, if the water body grows a sufficient number of beneficial bacteria (such as nitrifying bacteria) will be toxic ammonia nitrogen and nitrite decomposition into non-toxic substances (nitrate). Therefore, water purification has two purposes: ① the solid organic matter has not yet dissolved filter throw; ② cultivate a sufficient number of nitrifying bacteria, decomposition of toxic ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in the water body.
There are two specific treatment methods:
The first, the use of water treatment cycle equipment. Large and medium-sized aquariums use circulation filtration equipment, small aquariums can use biochemical cotton. Commercialized water treatment circulating filtration equipment of many kinds, there are built-in type, external type, etc., you can also make their own, the general structure consists of three parts. ① stainless steel or plastic made of cylindrical shell; ② cylinder put filter cotton, quartz sand, plastic biochemical ball or biochemical ceramic ring, etc.; ③ small pumps and pipes. Filter cotton, quartz sand is the role of large particles in the body of water to retain organic matter, and therefore often need to be cleaned.
Biochemical ball and ceramic ring role is as a carrier for the cultivation of beneficial bacteria, in professional terms is to cultivate biofilm, mainly to cultivate a sufficient number of beneficial bacteria, the body of water in the toxic ammonia nitrogen and nitrite decomposition of non-toxic nitrate.
Small aquariums can be equipped with 1-2 biochemical cotton and an inflatable pump. The biochemical cotton has the function of filtering solid organic matter and cultivating bacteria.
The second is to regularly add beneficial bacteria. There are many varieties of beneficial bacteria, common photosynthetic bacteria, nitrifying bacteria, bacillus and so on. Most of the products sold on the market are compound bacteria. Such as a Japanese product called EM, there are four categories of more than 80 species of bacteria composition.
Some people have done experiments, regularly add beneficial bacteria, the water in the tank can be a year without changing the water
Some of the necessary conditions for breeding tropical fish
A, water
1, water quality
All the water in the natural world contains more or less different chemical compositions, and some chemicals will directly affect the growth and survival of the fish, the tropical fish to the water Tropical fish have higher requirements for water. Tap water, river water, well water, lake water, etc. can be used directly to raise goldfish, but can not be used directly to raise tropical fish, otherwise the fish will get sick and die.
The so-called water quality mainly refers to the hardness and pH of the water.
The hardness of water is based on the amount of calcium, magnesium and iron salts in the water. Divided into hard water, soft water and neutral water well water, spring water belongs to hard water; tap water, river water is mostly neutral water; rainwater belongs to soft water. Breeding tropical fish should use neutral water, but the city's tap water, although the pH is basically in line with the requirements of tropical fish life, but because of the water plant in the treatment of water often need to add some chemical composition of disinfectants and purifying agents, should be often contained in this water travelers Kang Mu around? The water often contains travelers' Kangmu round? What's the reason for this? Trance small Guo? The third party is a member of the United States. The third party is the third party that is not a member of the United States, and the third party is not a member of the United States, and the third party is not a member of the United States. /span>2~3 days, or in the shade and lack of light to dry a week before you can use.
2, water change
Fish in the survival of a constant metabolism, to continue to excrete feces, feed the fish bait is also constantly oxidizing and decay, these will affect the water quality, so we must often change the water to the tank in a timely manner to keep the water quality fresh. Water change for part of the water change and all the water change. Partial water change is also handed over to the water. Water is how much water from the tank should be supplemented how much water, water does not need to fish and water plants from the tank, generally how much water to not more than a quarter of the total amount of water in the tank for each time. Pay attention to the water temperature of the newly added water, as far as possible, and the original tank water temperature is the same. The number of times the water, fall and winter seasons, one to two times a week, spring and summer seasons, two to three times a week, the specific number of times how much according to the turbidity of the water in the fish tank, filtering conditions can be appropriate to reduce the number of times the water quality is clear, filtering conditions can be appropriate to increase the number of times, but can not be too frequent, otherwise the fish will be sick.
Temperature
Temperature is the most important condition for the survival of tropical fish, no suitable water temperature fish can not survive, tropical fish on the water temperature requirements are more demanding, tropical fish are extremely sensitive to the temperature of the water.
The water temperature for tropical fish is generally 20~30℃. But different kinds of tropical fish have different water temperature requirements. For example, peacock fish, red swordfish, black Mary and other species can tolerate a water temperature of about 10 ℃ without dying, while swallowfish, tiger fish and other water temperature below 18 ℃ will die. The vast majority of tropical fish and its sensitive to water temperature, water temperature changes ± 2 ℃ and will get a cold, water temperature fluctuations for a long time up and down instability, the fish will suffer from a variety of diseases, therefore, we should try to maintain a constant water temperature. Therefore, the water temperature should be kept as constant as possible. The water temperature should not be too high, as the bacteria in the water will reproduce too fast and affect the water quality. The normal temperature for most fish is 20~24℃, and the breeding water temperature is 25~28℃. There are two common ways to control the water temperature, which are categorized as natural control and artificial control.
Natural control is to place the fish tank in a sunny room, so that the tank receives sunlight to increase the water temperature. Fish tank volume of some of the water temperature change is relatively small, and vice versa, the tank is small water less water temperature change is big, in the room conditions allow, as far as possible, let the fish tank bigger for good.
Artificial control of the water temperature is mainly the use of fireplaces, kangkang, heating and other heating measures to heat, in recent years, the market is the use of electric heating appliances continue to increase, is a better heating method, most of the products have an automatic temperature control function, should be preferred to such products.
Three, oxygen
Oxygen is needed for the survival of any living thing, without oxygen, there is no life, the survival of tropical fish is also inseparable from oxygen. Fish survival needs of oxygen, is through the gills of the microvascular absorption of dissolved oxygen in the water to get, and then through the blood circulatory system to bring and mention a part of the carbon dioxide discharged is also through the microvascular gills. The amount of dissolved oxygen in the water directly affects the growth of the fish, so it is necessary to ensure that there is enough dissolved oxygen in the water. Dissolved oxygen in the water in addition to water and water changes to obtain, but also can be used in the water photosynthesis of aquatic plants to produce oxygen.
The market has a special oxygen apparatus - air pumps, the use of air pumps to add oxygen that is convenient and simple, according to the size of the fish tank to choose the appropriate air pump. The price is relatively cheap.
Four, fish food
Tropical fish, although a wide variety of habits, but their food can be roughly divided into three categories: carnivorous fish, these fish account for the vast majority of tropical fish; omnivorous fish, accounting for a small portion of the tropical fish; vegetarian fish, these fish accounted for a very small portion of the tropical fish. Here to provide carnivorous fish common fish food to do an introduction:
1, water flea (also known as red spider mites)
Fish worm color red, moderate size, in the water cluster swimming, with rich protein, fat and calcium. Widely distributed throughout the world, but the life expectancy of this fish worm is short, generally only live one to two days after retrieval. Before feeding the fish, the fish should be cleaned before feeding.
2, cyclops (also known as green jump)
These fish bugs are small, low nutritional value, easy to die, they are in the water a jump a stop, faster, slow-moving tropical fish, especially young fish tend to catch up with, is a poor bait.
3, red nematodes (also known as water worms, line maggots)
This fish worm body elongated, dark red color, living in the water quality of the dirty water bubbles, gutter side of the shallow water, half of the worm's body in the silt, half of the body in the water constantly swinging. Red nematodes are nutritious and contain more protein and fat, making them ideal food for adult fish.
Five, light
Light is very important for the survival of tropical fish, no light tropical fish can not survive. There are three main aspects of the role of light in keeping tropical fish.
Light is the most important factor in photosynthesis of all plants. Without light water plants can not photosynthesize, they can not absorb carbon dioxide and produce oxygen, and plants can not maintain their own survival. But plants also have certain limitations on the light requirements, too much light or light time is too long, the water plants will grow green moss, will affect the photosynthesis of the water plants; but too little light or light time is too short, the branches and leaves of the water plants will turn yellow or even die because of too little photosynthesis.
Reasonable light should be, in the sunshine indoor do not receive direct sunlight, and do not set in the window sill and under the window, the use of morning and evening sunlight 1 ~ 2 hours can be, of course, the use of the window of the diffused light time can be appropriate to put a little longer. In the absence of sunlight or sunlight indoor, you can also use artificial light irradiation, you can use 60-watt incandescent lamps or 40-watt fluorescent lamps irradiation can be about 6 hours a day.
Tropical fish growth and reproduction also need light, there is light fish growth faster, the fish will be more gorgeous, the breeding cycle will be shortened.
The third function of light is to facilitate viewing. If in a dark house or a house with too little light, people are unable to see the scene in the tank, can't see it can't talk about the ornamental
The key to tropical ornamental fish breeding technology is the selection and treatment of water and feed, the basis of which is the breeding of species of fish from the source of natural ecological understanding and simulation, that is to say, the raising of tropical fish must pay attention to, the object of the raising of the characteristics of the waters of the hometown. Experience has repeatedly shown that to raise good tropical fish, especially valuable and delicate high-grade varieties, must be created in the aquarium with its origin in the natural ecology, conditions the same or close to the environment.
1, water quality treatment
Freshwater tropical fish are generally born on both sides of the equator of the Earth's tropical freshwater waters. Among them, the Amazon River in South America, Thailand and the Malay Peninsula in Southeast Asia, and the Congo Basin in Africa are the world's three major treasure troves of tropical fish. The vast majority of tropical fish can only survive when the water temperature exceeds 20°C, and generally prefer a water temperature of about 26°C. The water temperature in Africa is slightly acidic and reddish. The soil in Africa is slightly acidic red soil, coupled with more humus in the surface water, the general pH value of the water is 6 to 7 slightly acidic, therefore, the tropical fish produced in Africa mostly like slightly acidic water quality. Growing in the waters of South America, most of the species also like to inhabit in the pH value of 7 in the weakly acidic water. The species growing in the waters of Southeast Asia and South Asia, including those growing in the southern waters of North America, prefer neutral water with pH 7. Flowering fishes growing in Central and South America, such as peacockfish, swordtails, morays, moonfishes and other oviparous fishes, also like to live in weakly alkaline hard water. Tropical fish from Central America require slightly alkaline water for feeding because the water quality in their birthplace is slightly alkaline. In addition, some semi-marine fish such as bat pomfret, yellowfin pomfret and Oceania's colorful golden phoenix prefer weakly alkaline water. In fact, some fish like neutral or alkaline water quality, such as bat pompano, elephant trunk fish, etc., can live well in weakly acidic water quality. However, fish that prefer acidic water generally find it difficult to survive in weakly alkaline water.
China's freshwater resources, generally slightly alkaline water, but the north is more alkaline, while some lakes, reservoirs, rivers in the south of the water quality is slightly acidic. For example, the drinking water in Guangzhou and other places in the south of China has a pH value of less than 7, which is the ideal water quality for breeding colorful fairy; while the water in Beijing has a pH value of about 7, which is neutral. On the other hand, the water hardness of the rivers in the rainforest belt in South China is low, mostly soft water, while the water hardness in the North is also high due to low rainfall and high salinity of the soil. In addition, generally surface water has low hardness, groundwater and well water have high hardness, while rainwater and snow water are soft water. In the southern cities of China, such as Guangzhou, Foshan, the water quality is softer, for the seven-colored fairy, red lotus lamp and other delicate fish species produced in South America, has a unique breeding conditions. Northern cities such as Beijing and Tianjin have slightly harder water, making it difficult to breed these species.
Therefore, in order to successfully raise and breed tropical ornamental fish, we should first find out the origin of the species (which can be accessed through the scientific name of the relevant professional books and magazines), and learn the range of water quality factors such as pH, hardness, water temperature and salinity, etc., that are suitable for their survival, and then test the quality of local water, which can be used to carry out the commercially available easy-to-use water colorimetry box, and then make adjustments when we find that some of the items are unsuitable. In urban areas, tap water is generally used for fish farming, and this should first be neutralized by adding baking soda (sulphate), i.e. sodium thiosulphate, or vitamin C (ascorbic acid), and then tested. Add acidifier when the water is alkaline: phosphoric acid, sodium dihydrogen phosphate or place sinking wood or add activated carbon in the water filter for 24 hours, etc.. If the water quality is acidic, add alkalizing agent: baking soda, i.e. sodium bicarbonate, calcium carbonate (coral sand, shell sand, or powder) or silica sand, maifan stone, and strengthen the aeration. When the water quality is too soft, you can add lime water (lime or calcium chloride). But the water quality is hard to soften is relatively difficult, can be added to the aquarium appropriate amount of rainwater, distilled water or deionized water. If you put "Mud Carbon Moss" in the aquarium or filter, it can soften the water quality and lower the pH value because it has the function of ion exchange and releases humic acid, and grass mud also has this function. In addition, the magnetizer can also soften the water, and ion exchange resin filters and reverse osmosis water treatment machine can produce different hardness of water, of which, residual chlorine, pH and hardness can be applied to a simple colorimetric test. As for salinity, it can be measured by float tube hydrometer, pointer hydrometer or refractometer. If you need to increase the salinity, you can use commercially available "artificial sea salt" to mix. After the water quality treatment, aeration will be carried out. At the same time, in order to accelerate the maturation of the new water for rearing, we can artificially inoculate microorganisms such as "Nitrifying Bacteria", "Photosynthesizing Bacteria", and "Dental Bacillus" and other microorganisms to purify the water, and then put in the new fishes after a couple of days. If the new fish is expensive, you can also put 1 to 2 fish in the tank first, and then put new fish in the tank after testing the water, which is much safer.
In the process of fish farming, while changing and adding a small amount of feed water regularly, a small amount of micro-organisms should also be added to maintain good water quality, so as to achieve the purpose of fish farming first water. Not only in the process of fish farming requires appropriate and stable water quality, and fish transfer tank also requires the new and old tank water quality can not be too big a difference, especially the pH value. For example, for the water change or transfer of the colorful fairy fish, the difference in pH between the old and new water should not be more than 0.5 and the difference in temperature should not be more than 1~2℃. For breeding water quality should also consider the hardness, part of the estuarine Eggfish should not be negligent of salinity.
2, feed feeding
Tropical ornamental fish breeding, if the water quality treatment has been a big part of the success, the main problem is the rest of the feed. At present, the commonly used live bait are water earthworms, water fleas, more expensive and have the role of ripening is the bloodworms ( shake mosquito larvae ) and the yearling moths of the unseasoned larvae and adults. More convenient are artificial feeds in the form of flakes and pellets. There is also a class of freshly prepared feed "artificial burger", the main ingredients for beef heart, shrimp, vegetables, vitamins and medicines, etc., with the household meat mixer broken into a pulp, spread into thin slices of frozen pellet feeding, burger feed has become a colorful, colorful fairy fish staple food.
The ecosystem of the fish tank
Preface:
The following are some of the recurring problems when setting up a new tank, although I am not an expert, but still I know how to organize, to provide you with a tank and don't know where to start with the same good reference, if there is any doubt and wrong, welcome to reply to the discussion.
1. Equipment needed for fish farming:
The size of the tank and the flow rate of the filter is an important factor in determining whether the tank is clean or not. If the flow rate of the filter is too small, the fish tank will get dirty very fast if the water circulation is not enough, and if the water flow is too strong, the fish that are not good at swimming will be broken or die of exhaustion. Generally speaking, an eight-inch tank should use at least a 60(L/h) filter, and if it is larger than a one-foot tank, a 180(L/h)~240(L/h) filter is better.
Fish tanks need to be heated, but there is a misconception that fish don't die of cold because of low temperatures. Most families place their fish tanks at home, where the temperature is not lower than 12 degrees Celsius, and 12 degrees Celsius will not kill most of the fish. The real reason for the need of heating is the changing climate in Taiwan. Take March and April as an example, the temperature difference between day and night can be as high as 10~12 degrees. Such a drastic temperature difference will cause the fish to fall sick and die. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the temperature to slow down this temperature change.
Basically, as long as there is a suitable tank and filter, you can keep fish, if you must have less of one, remove the heater, but be careful in the spring and fall. Filters are necessary because stagnant water can support far fewer fish and fishes, and their relative limits can be very strict. Other things are more than enough (of course, the grass tank also needs lamps). But more and more does not mean useless, each thing in the tank has its own role, but also a very important part of the ecological balance, so the next on the aquarium procedures to do a description:
1. Preliminary procedures
Washing the sand: sand is dirty, there is a tiny dust inside, do not wash directly thrown down, the water will be foggy.
Boiling the sunken wood: the sunken wood should be boiled to cook out the yellow color inside, if you don't boil it and throw it down directly, the water will be yellow and it will last for a long time.
2. During the omission of the program
Period after the release of water, aquascape is a more technical level, does not affect the stability of the tank, just good or bad, so we will not discuss it, if there are problems, and then put forward.
3. Completion
After the completion of the tank, the nightmare really began, because some people started to die, buy as many as possible, no one is immune, and then the water plants grow very quickly, it looks like green, but after a few weeks, algae also followed the emergence of, in the end, why will the drop son of it? I will explain in the next section (take one foot tank as an example):
2. The procedure of setting up a tank:
[Completion of 0 days]
The tank is just completed, because there is nothing inside, so it is very clean. At this time, if you are using tap water, please leave it for two days, do the aeration by the way, don't add your aquatic plant nutrients, black water, water stabilizer and so on, the reason will be explained later, and add half of the nitrifying bacteria in accordance with the dosage first.
[Finish 2 days]
Water stabilization, chlorine in the water has been evaporated clean, you can put the living body, first put a mouse, or black shell
shrimp 5 ~ 10, do not put fish, if the mouse died, fishing up and then aeration for two days, if the black shell shrimp died one or two, set up and not fish up, if the black shell shrimp died, fishing up and continue to aeration for two days.
[Finish 4~7 days]
Change 1/3 of the water, the new water add nothing, observe the situation of the mouse and shrimp, if the next day did not die, you can be ready to release the fish, according to the individual endurance, hold on until you can not hold back the fish can be released ^^.
[Finish 14 days]
If you're really good at holding out for 14 days and not releasing the fish, then you can get ready to release them. .... Heh. Releasing fish is a big deal too.
3. Suitable fish for aquariums:
People keep lampreys, ball fish, fairies, peacocks, rats and so on, in addition to peacocks suitable for alkaline water, most of them are suitable for acidic water. Grass tanks also have acidic water, so all the fish sold in aquariums are suitable for keeping in grass tanks, as long as you are aware of the problem of whether they attack each other or not. As for peacock, is it suitable? Peacock fish so resistant, as long as the pH value is not excessive shock, there is no problem, excessive shock will cause dissolved tail or rotten tail, so in the new purchase of the peacock, the action of the water becomes very important, not just the right temperature can be, if the tank is a peacock-based aquarium, can be added to the water 1 ~ 2 goo stone (coral stone), can make the water become alkaline.
4. Nutrients, black water, water stabilization, nitrifying bacteria use
Set up a tank at the beginning of the tank, the fish tank does not add any pharmaceuticals, only add nitrifying bacteria, is because of nitrifying bacteria reproduction and growth,
This time to add aquatic plants nutrients, will lead to the water quality of the eutrophication of the algae to grow a large number of dosage halved for the practice do not know the brand for the first time to use and do not know the effect of For first time users and those who don't know the effect of the medicine, halving the dosage is a safer way. After 15~30 days, when the trace elements in the water are almost consumed (can be judged by the growth rate and color of plants), you can add 1/3~1/4 dose of aquatic plant nutrient when you change 1/3 of the water every week, if the algae in the tank grows too fast because of this, you can reduce the dosage. Water stabilizer and black water are added in the tap water after dilution and aeration for 1~2 days, then added into the tank, not directly into the tank, directly into the tank will also cause pH shock to make the fish urgent, especially poor quality water stabilizer.
5. Complete ecosystem
A fish tank is definitely not a place to put water and fish together, when a complete ecosystem of fish
After the formation of the fish tank, there is no need to change the water, and large fish tanks can even not need to be fed, only need to hit the light can be, but this ecosystem of the formation and maintenance of a stable is also a very troublesome. The previous step is to make each step move forward in the right order to avoid unnecessary casualties. A newbie's first tank is usually done with the following procedure:
Set up the tank→Put in the fish→Dead fish→Repeat the process of putting in the fish and dead fish→Algae and bacteria growth→Turn down the tank
This is something we all know, but because the bacteria is invisible, it is often overlooked. Repeat the process of releasing dead fish during the period of time, that is, the time of cultivating nitrifying bacteria as mentioned in the previous article from 0 to 14 days. At this time, the accumulated fish poop will accumulate at the bottom of the tank because of the lack of decomposition of nitrifying bacteria, and the rest of the bacteria and nitrate will be produced in large quantities, and the nitrifying bacteria will be produced in large quantities for about 30 days after the completion of the nitrifying bacteria cultivation. In addition to nitrifying bacteria, there are other bacteria in the water, causing fish to get sick and die easily. Owners usually take the step of changing a lot of water, and in the process of changing the water, some unnecessary chemicals are added to the water, which will cause pH shock and unstable water quality, and repeat the step of releasing fish to die, which will lead to the collapse of the ecosystem (about 3~5 months), and then of course, the only way is to dump the tank. The normal procedure should be:
Set up the tank→Cultivate nitrifying bacteria→Release fish→Algae production→Stabilization
Since this is the correct procedure, why would there be algae production? I think it is normal for a stable tank to have algae, and the waste produced in the tank, which is poop, CO2, etc.. We are not going to discuss the detailed chemical formula because I am too lazy to look it up, but just explain the procedure:
Fish produces poop (big)→shrimp shred the poop like salami→nitrobacteria decompose the shredded poop→poop decomposed is absorbed by the plants and the plants grow→more nutrients are absorbed by the algae and the algae grows
So, the growth of the algae means there are already extra nutrients in the water to let algae grow, and as for the algae, there are already more than enough nutrients in the water to let algae grow, and the algae grow. As for controlling the amount of algae, you can use the feeding frequency or de-algae animals to control, if you have a high number of segments, it is indeed possible to control to only a trace amount of algae. As for the aquatic plant nutrients can also be judged accordingly, but the liquid fertilizer and trace elements are different, if there is too much algae, it seems that you can not add the liquid fertilizer, but the trace elements still need to be added, the detailed reasons may have to ask the research of aquascape tanks to greatly explain it.
6. Replacing a complete ecosystem
According to what I said earlier, once the amount of fish, aquatic plants, and shrimp is fixed, you can't change it again to avoid destabilization! In fact, when you understand the whole cycle, no matter what changes you make, it won't change the ecological balance. If you like to have fun and buy more fish, then shorten the water change time and strengthen the flow of the filter; if you are busy and don't have time to change the water, just put one fish in it to create an atmosphere of "I'm alone on a thousand hills and thousands of waters". Fish is happy, do not let the fish tank to get you burnt out, it would not be fun.