In the last two decades, with the continuous acceleration of the economic train, China has entered into a period of high environmental risk, with a variety of environmental pollution incidents, especially in the last ten years, the scale of development of environmental pollution incidents, the consequences of the damage, and the type of pollution are expanding day by day. The author collects and organizes the major environmental pollution incidents in the last ten years from 2002 to 2012, hoping to salvage those not-so-distant painful memories with these heavy records, and catalyze the awareness and action of *** with the protection of the homeland.
2002
Guizhou Duyun slag pollution incident
September 11, 2002, Guizhou Duyun Ba Gu Town, upstream of Duojie Village, a lead-zinc mine tailings dam collapsed, thousands of cubic meters of slag from the cliffs straight down, into the foot of the mountain Fanjia River, along the tailings-soaked trees withered, good land was buried by the slag, the powdered lead-zinc tailings mixed with the river into a viscous slurry through the Fanjia River. The powdered lead and zinc tailings mixed with the river water to form a viscous slurry that was discharged directly into the Qingshui River through the Fanjia River. After the incident, more than 20 kilometers downstream of the Qingshui River is still a turbid, people and animals a moment of drinking water difficulties.
Yunnan Nanpan River Water Pollution Incident
In October 2002, a serious water pollution incident occurred in the above section of the Nanpan River in Yunnan Province's Chai Shitan, causing the death of hundreds of tons of fish and contaminating more than 300 million cubic meters of water in the downstream Chai Shitan Reservoir. Because of the Nanpan River along the densely populated, industrial and agricultural production is concentrated, is one of the more economically developed areas of Yunnan Province, the water pollution incident not only caused huge economic losses, and the social impact is very bad.
2003
Sanmenxia Reservoir discharged "a reservoir of sewage"
In 2003, due to the Sanmenxia Dam upstream of the industrial effluent discharge of a number of enterprises and the Yellow River towns and cities near the domestic sewage discharges increased year by year, the Yellow River has been the most serious pollution since the record of the actual measurement of the Sanmenxia Reservoir, the discharge of water was "soy sauce". Sanmenxia Reservoir water discharge was "soy sauce color", the water quality deteriorated to class V, becoming a veritable "a reservoir of sewage". Sanmenxia City, although adjacent to the Yellow River, but the public had to spend money to buy spring water from the nearby mountains, "guarding the Yellow River to buy water to eat" has become a major spectacle in Sanmenxia City.
2004
Sichuan Tuojiang River water pollution incident
In 2004, the end of February and early March, Sichuan Chemical Industry Company Limited, the second fertilizer plant will be a large number of high concentration of ammonia and nitrogen wastewater discharged into the Tuojiang River tributary of the Vihe River, resulting in Tuojiang River river water becomes yellow and smelly, ammonia and nitrogen exceeded the standard of up to 50 times as much. After the pollution occurred, 500,000 kilograms of net box fish died, direct economic losses of about 300 million yuan. Along the river Jianyang, Zizhong, Neijiang three places were forced to stop water for four weeks, affecting millions of people, the local pure water was snapped up, the local government from Yibin, Chengdu, mobilized fire trucks to send water, is still unable to meet the residents of the daily water. In order to alleviate the disaster, but also from Dujiangyan, Sanqiao Lake emergency water to dilute 2,000 tons of ammonia nitrogen, but it was too late. According to expert calculations at the time, the damaged ecology of the Tuojiang River will take at least five years to recover.
Puyang, Henan Province, can not drink "safe water"
Since October 2004, Puyang City, Henan Province, the Yellow River intake of water pollution occurred for more than four months, more than 400,000 residents of the city's drinking water safety is threatened, Puyang City, was forced to use the alternate groundwater source. According to the investigation, since 1997, Puyang City, the Yellow River water intake has been contaminated for many years, the city's drinking water source about 4 to 5 months a year by the impact of pollution.
Sichuan Qingyi River Water Pollution Incident
In late December 2004, a large amount of white foam appeared on the surface of the water and a pungent alkali odor emanated from the surface due to the secret discharge of large amounts of industrial effluent from some papermaking enterprises into the Qingyi River in Leshan City, Sichuan Province. The Qingyi River is the source of drinking water for nearly 400,000 people in Leshan City, but after the water quality was seriously polluted, the neighboring water companies were on the verge of shutting down production due to the increased difficulty in producing drinking water of the required standard, and the local people were faced with a crisis of water cut-off.
2005
Chongqing Qijiang Water Pollution Incident
From January 3, 2005, nearly 30,000 residents of Qijiang, Chongqing, were cut off from water for two days in Qijiang Gounan Street, Qiaoxie District, due to the contamination of the water intake point by the upstream wastewater discharged from the Chongqing Huajiang Fertilizer Co, Ltd, which resulted in the stoppage of water supply to the plant, and the suspension of Qijiang Gear Plant's production as a result.
Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province, suffers polluted water shortage crisis
In mid-March 2005, all kinds of water-saving publicity materials appeared on the streets of Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province, asking residents to use rice-washing water to wash vegetables, use laundry water to wipe the floor, or put bricks in the flush toilet tanks in order to save the amount of flushing water. The price of water for the city's residents has also risen from 1.65 yuan to 1.9 yuan per ton. The survey showed that although Jiaxing has a dense network of rivers and is known as a "water town", there is a lack of standardized water available in the city due to upstream transit water pollution.
The Yellow River water into the "agricultural harm"
2005, the Yellow River Basin in some areas of crop production or even crop failure, because the Yellow River from Qinghai through Gansu, Ningxia to Inner Mongolia along the Yellow River, energy, heavy chemicals, non-ferrous metals, paper and other highly polluting industrial enterprises, waste sewage discharge volume increases year by year. Increase year by year, a large number of industrial wastewater does not meet the standard directly into the diversion of branch canals, resulting in the Yellow River along the part of the irrigated area is similar to sewage irrigation, the Yellow River water into the "agricultural harm".
Songhua River major water pollution incident
November 13, 2005, PetroChina Jilin Petrochemical Company, double benzene plant aniline workshop explosion, resulting in five deaths, one missing, nearly 70 people were injured. After the explosion, about 100 tons of organic pollutants such as benzene, aniline and nitrobenzene flowed into the Songhua River, leading to serious contamination of the river, affecting the lives of millions of residents along the coast, and shutting down the water supply for many days in Songyuan City, Jilin Province, and Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province. The downstream pollution even threatened Russia's Khabarovsk Krai, causing serious international negative impacts. The incident also exposed the shortcomings of undisclosed information and insufficient crisis-management capabilities, such as rumors and panic scenes such as a rush to buy drinking water in Harbin.
After the incident, the State Council investigation group found that this is a particularly major water pollution liability incident, the 12 people responsible for the accident to make party discipline, political discipline, the former State Environmental Protection Administration Secretary Xie Zhenhua resigned for this. 5 years, the state for the Songhua River basin water pollution prevention and control of the cumulative investment of 7.84 billion yuan of funds to deal with the pollution.
Guangdong Beijiang Cadmium Pollution Accident
December 15, 2005, Guangdong Beijiang Shaoguan section of serious cadmium pollution, cadmium concentration detected in the high bridge section exceeded the standard by more than 12 times. Beijiang River is one of the three major tributaries of the Pearl River, but also an important source of drinking water in Guangdong cities, because Shaoguan is located in the upper reaches of the Beijiang River, the pollution directly threatened the downstream of the nearly ten million people's drinking water safety and thousands of enterprises in the normal use of water, part of the city's tap water supply stop. After investigation, the cause of the accident is the Shaoguan smelter equipment maintenance during the illegal discharge of cadmium-containing wastewater.
2006
Baiyangdian dead fish incident in Hebei
In February and March 2006, Baiyangdian, the largest freshwater lake in North China, known as the "Pearl of North China," had a succession of large areas of dead fish. Investigation results show that the main cause of the dead fish event is the water pollution is heavy, low dissolved oxygen in the water, ultimately resulting in fish suffocation. According to statistics, 96,000 acres of water belonging to Renqiu City, Hebei Province, is polluted, the water color is black, there is a foul smell, all the fish cultured in the net box died, a large number of dead wild fish floating in the precipitation, some of the water plants blackened and withered.
Jilin Busy Cow River Water Pollution Incident
August 21, 2006, the Environmental Protection Bureau of Jilin City, Jilin Province, received a report from the public, Busy Cow River near the occurrence of chemical pollution. After on-site investigation, it was found that part of the water was red in color with a small amount of foam, and the pollutant was dimethylaniline, and formed a pollution zone of about 5 kilometers long. After investigation, the accident is Jilin Changbaishan Fine Chemical Co., Ltd. to busy cattle in the river due to artificial discharge of chemical wastewater.
Yueyang, Hunan Province, arsenic contamination
September 8, 2006, Yueyang County, Hunan Province, the drinking water source of the new wall of the river water pollution, arsenic exceeded the standard by about 10 times, 80,000 residents of the drinking water safety is threatened. After investigation, the cause of this pollution is the upstream of the three chemical plants, due to routine discharge of industrial effluent, resulting in a large number of high concentrations of arsenic-containing wastewater into the New Wall River.
Sichuan Luzhou Power Plant Major Environmental Pollution Accident
November 15, 2006, Sichuan Luzhou Chuannan Power Plant project construction units in the case of sewage facilities have not yet been completed, began the fuel system installation debugging, resulting in diesel fuel leakage mixed into the cooling water pipeline and discharged into the Yangtze River. On the same day, the enterprise reported into the Yangtze River diesel 0.38 tons, by the environmental protection department supervision, the next day and then reported into the Yangtze River diesel actually 16.945 tons. This accident led to Luzhou city water shutdown, and into the territory of Chongqing to form cross-border pollution.
After the incident, the State Environmental Protection Administration found that this is a major environmental pollution incident, Luzhou Chuannan Power Generation Co., Ltd. was sentenced to 200,000 yuan in economic penalties, the company's relevant responsible persons were sentenced to deduct bonuses, revocation of duties and other penalties. 2007 May 15, Sichuan Environmental Protection Bureau suspended the approval of the city of Huzhou, in addition to the pollution control project, all new projects.
2007
Cyanobacteria crisis erupted in Taihu Lake, Chaohu Lake and Dianchi Pond
Beginning on May 29, 2007, a large number of people in the urban area of Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, experienced a sudden change in the quality of the tap water at home, accompanied by an unpleasant odor, which made it impossible to drink normally. The reason is that as the local drinking water source of Lake Taihu appeared a large area of cyanobacteria, the annual infestation of Lake Taihu "regular guests", this year came earlier, more fierce. A small cyanobacteria overnight disrupted the normal life of millions of Wuxi citizens, supermarkets were snapped up pure water, the streets of the retail barrels of pure water prices also soared.
Entering June, Chaohu Lake, Dianchi also appeared cyanobacteria. Anhui Chaohu Lake, the western half of the lake appeared about 5 square kilometers of large areas of cyanobacteria, with the continued high temperature, Chaohu Lake, the eastern half of the lake also appeared cyanobacteria, threatening the local drinking water safety. Yunnan Kunming Dianchi also due to days of hot weather, cyanobacteria bloom. In the Dianchi ridge line of the shore, the lake as green paint, and accompanied by a burst of fishy odor.
Jiangsu Shuyang Water Pollution Incident
At 3:00 p.m. on July 2, 2007, Jiangsu Shuyang County Groundwater Plant found that for a short period of time, a large flow of sewage water intruded into the intake point of the plant located in the Huashu River, and the flow of water appeared to have a distinct odor. After testing, the ammonia nitrogen content of the water at the intake was about 28 milligrams per liter, far exceeding the national water quality standard for water intake. As the contaminated water still could not meet the drinking water standard after treatment, the water supply system in the urban area was forced to be shut down, affecting the water supply for 200,000 people and stopping the water supply for more than 40 hours in Shuyang County.
2008
Guangzhou Baishui Village "poisoned water" incident
On March 2, 2008, 41 villagers in Baisha Village, Zhonglutan Town, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, who had eaten at their own homes or in a restaurant, were sent to the hospital for treatment of symptoms of poisoning, such as vomiting, tightness in the chest, blackening of the fingers and cramps. sent to the hospital for treatment. According to the investigation, the cause of this pollution is a small private factory in the village of Baisha improper use of nitrite, contaminated the factory unauthorized excavation located in the factory wells, and the wells of the pumping pipe and the tap water pipe illegally connected to the illegal private, but also lead to tap water contamination.
Yunnan Yangzonghai Arsenic Pollution Incident
Since June 2008, Yangzonghai, one of the nine highland lakes in Yunnan, has been measured as having arsenic concentrations in water that seriously exceeded drinking water safety standards, directly jeopardizing the drinking water safety of 20,000 people. From July 8, people and enterprises around the lake stopped taking water as drinking water, and on September 12, the Yunnan Provincial Government decided to implement the "three bans" on Yangzonghai, i.e., banning drinking, swimming and fishing for aquatic products. It also decided to take measures to investigate and deal with polluting enterprises, and to launch comprehensive pollution control measures, with a view to restoring the water quality of the Yangzong Sea to normal in about three years.
As a result of the pollution incident, Yunnan province has held 26 government workers administratively accountable, with 12 of them being removed from their posts. To strengthen environmental enforcement, the Kunming Public Security Bureau set up an environmental protection sub-bureau, the first of its kind in the country.
2009
Jiangsu Yancheng Water Pollution Incident
On Feb. 20, 2009, the city of Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, was cut off from a large area of water for nearly 67 hours due to phenolic compounds contaminating the tap water source, affecting the lives of 200,000 people, or two-fifths of the city's urban population. According to the investigation, the manufacture of this pollution incident is rated as the local standard enterprise Yancheng City standard new chemical plant, the plant in order to reduce the cost of pollution control, actually take advantage of the heavy rain to discharge 30 tons of chemical wastewater, and ultimately contaminated the water source. After the incident, the plant's two principals were sentenced to 10 years and six years in prison for "the crime of releasing dangerous substances", which is the first time that China's environmental pollution incidents with this crime to make criminal punishment.
Shandong Yinan Arsenic Pollution Incident
In April 2009, Shandong Yinan Yixin Chemical Co., Ltd. illegally produced Asanic Acid without the approval of the relevant formalities and stored a large amount of arsenic-containing toxic wastewater generated during the production process in a deliberately hidden sewage pool. The company used pumps to discharge wastewater with arsenic content exceeding the standard by 27.254 million times into the Blossom River, causing serious pollution of the water body. Afterwards, the three persons in charge of the case were sentenced and sentenced to *** with compensation to the state for 37.14 million yuan of economic losses.