Su Dongpo's poem "Bingzi Chongjiu": "Climb high to do Chongjiu, the chrysanthemums have not yet bloomed in autumn." This "Chongjiu" refers to the Double Ninth Festival. According to historical customs, the Double Ninth Festival falls on September 9th of the lunar calendar every year. In the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty, people believed that "nine" was the "yang" number, and the "Book of Changes" used the yang Yao as nine. Later, people believed that September 9 coincided with the Double Ninth Festival, so it was called the Double Ninth Festival. Wu Zimu of the Song Dynasty once said in "Meng Liang Lu": "The sun and the moon fly back and forth, and they double nine in an instant. Jiu Jiu is a Yang number, and the sun and moon correspond to each other, so it is called Double Ninth Festival."
The Double Ninth Festival began to become a festival during the Eastern Han Dynasty. There is such a record in Wu Jun's "Xu Qixie Ji" of the Southern Dynasty: Huan Jing of Runan City studied in Fei Changfang for many years. The head of the house said to him: "On September 9th, there will be a disaster in your family. You should go there quickly. Let each family member make a red bag, fill it with dogwood to tie around the arm, and climb up to drink chrysanthemum wine. This disaster can be eliminated."
So, Huan Jing followed Fei Changfang's instructions and the whole family went to work at that time. Returning home in the evening, I saw that all the chickens, dogs, cattle and sheep were dead. Later, in order to avoid disaster, people would leave their homes and go to higher places every September 9th. In this way, the habit of climbing high and looking far into the distance gradually formed, and a festival was formed.
The hill that Huanjing Shelter climbed to is Lugang, where Shangcai County is now located. During the Western Han Dynasty, Runan County was established in Shangcai County in the "fourth year of Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty". Therefore, Runan in the Western Han Dynasty is believed to be Shangcai today. From the Spring and Autumn Period to the Han Dynasty, the Huan family has always been a prominent family in Shangcai. The "Da Lun" chapter of "Lun on Salt and Iron" contains: "Confucius favored Cai, but Huan Chi harmed him." "Cai" is today's Shangcai County. Confucius traveled around the country, accompanied by seventy-two sages, and some of his three thousand disciples, who were also protected by armed forces. Huan Jie was able to organize a certain amount of manpower to attack Confucius, which shows his high status and strength and the strength of the Huan family. In ancient times, due to blood relationships and living environment restrictions, a family often lived together for generations. For example: Chenliu is the residence of the Cai family. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, there were Cai Yong and Cai Wenji. In the Han Dynasty, the Huanjun family had Huan Kuan. Huan Kuan was a scholar who studied the "Spring and Autumn Gongyang Zhuan". He was well versed in classics and good at prose. He wrote "Salt and Iron Theory". During the reign of Emperor Xuan of the Han Dynasty, he served as the prefect of Lujiang. Huan Kuan's official position and knowledge show that the Cai Huan family is still a prominent family. Huan Jing during the Eastern Han Dynasty should be a member of the Huan family.
The hill Huan Jing climbed was named Gangshan in the Spring and Autumn Period. It is 25 kilometers long from north to south, 7 kilometers wide from east to west, and 97 meters high. It is made of soil on top and rocks on the bottom. Today it is called Lugang. This is the highest hill in Shangcai. From the hilltop, you can look out over the surrounding areas. The place where Huan Jing ascended should be this post.
With the development of history, the Double Ninth Festival spread rapidly throughout the country. "Fengtu Ji" written by Zhou Chu of the Jin Dynasty said: "We meet on the Double Ninth Festival, climb mountains to drink chrysanthemum wine, and meet in the clouds of dogwood. By the Tang Dynasty, poets He also wrote many poems with this title, such as Wang Wei of the Tang Dynasty's poem "Remembering Brothers in Shandong on September 9th": "I know from afar that when brothers climb to the heights, there is one less person planted with dogwood trees." "Cornus is originally a plant with a strong fragrance. Huan Jing put it in a purple bag and wore it to avoid evil and disaster. By the Tang Dynasty, it had become a decoration on the head.
During the Double Ninth Festival, autumn is in full swing, the sky is clear and the leaves are red and chrysanthemums are yellow. It is a good time to climb high and look far away to enjoy the autumn colors. It is as poetic as the "outing" in spring during the Qingming Festival. The origin of the Double Ninth Festival has been in Cai since ancient times. There is a custom of climbing high and looking far away. On Lugang in the southwest of Shangcai County, there is the Caihou Wanhe Tower, which stands high above the ancient city of Cai State. You can see Cui Peak in the west and Hong Kong in the east. The river winds like a belt, and you can clearly see the dozens of miles of villages, fields, hills, woods, roads, and ditches surrounding it. Especially in Shangcai County, you can see the houses side by side, the streets crisscrossed, people like flowing water, and cars like dragons. When night falls, the lights are bright and intertwined, forming a sea of ??lights. Therefore, since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, people have often climbed here to write poems. "Poetry, Li Shiying's poem "Climbing the Wanghe Tower with Friends on the Double Ninth Festival" describes the situation of looking at the scenery at the Wanghe Tower and wearing dogwood and drinking chrysanthemum wine.
According to literature, wearing it on September 9th. Drinking chrysanthemum wine can make people live longer.
"Cornus has a bitter taste, which can remove wind and cold, and relieve pain; Peng Er has no name yet, and its function is unknown; chrysanthemum has a strong aroma, which can remove wind, improve eyesight, and detoxify. Use it to make wine, and can activate blood circulation and regulate qi, which is good for the human body. It is good for health. This may be the prescription at that time, so Liang Zonglin said that it can make people live longer. The country now stipulates that September 9th is the Old Man's Day, which means wishing the elderly longevity.