It is a powerful mathematical means to describe and "solve" practical problems by using mathematical language and methods through abstraction and simplification. Mathematical modeling is the process of describing actual phenomena in mathematical language.
the actual phenomenon here includes both concrete natural phenomena such as free fall and abstract phenomena such as the value tendency of customers for a certain commodity.
The description here includes not only the description of external form and internal mechanism, but also the prediction, experiment and explanation of actual phenomena.
We can also intuitively understand this concept as follows: Mathematical modeling is a process that makes pure mathematicians (mathematicians who only study mathematics and don't care about its application in practice) become physicists, biologists, economists and even psychologists. A mathematical model is generally a mathematical simplification of practical things.