Question 1:
Dizziness, cold sweat, palpitations, pallor, and a thin pulse suddenly occurred in a patient during a thoracentesis. How to treat.
Reference Answer
According to the description in the question stem, the patient had a pleural reaction, for which the treatment is as follows:
① Immediately stop pumping fluid for treatment and monitor the patient's vital signs at the same time;
② Tell the patient to take a lying position to prevent further aggravation of symptoms;<
③ Consider giving subcutaneous epinephrine if the condition is further aggravated.
The second question:
Advantages of breastfeeding.
Reference Answer
1. Human milk contains albumin as whey protein and the ratio of casein to whey protein is 1:4, which is easily digested and absorbed.
2. Human milk is rich in beta-lactose (? -disaccharide) content is rich.
3. Human milk contains more unsaturated fatty acids.
4. Human milk has a low concentration of electrolytes and small protein molecules.
5. Human milk has an appropriate ratio of calcium and phosphorus (2:1), which is easy to absorb.
6. Human milk contains SIgA to promote infant immunity.
7. Human milk is low in VitD and VitK, which is the only drawback of breastfeeding and requires extra attention to artificial supplementation.
Question 3:
Describe the classification of incision and healing in surgery.
Reference Answer
I. Classification of incisions:
1. Clean incisions with ? Ⅰ? indicates, for example, a major thyroidectomy;
2. potentially contaminated incisions, denoted by ? Ⅱ? Indicated by ?Ⅱ?, e.g., major gastrectomy;
3. Contaminated incision, indicated by ? III? indicated, such as appendiceal perforation incision.
Second, healing grading:
1. Grade A healing with? A? A? indicates that the incision is well healed;
2.B healing with ? B? B? indicates that the healing site has an inflammatory reaction, but not suppurative, such as redness, swelling, nodules, hematoma, fluid accumulation, etc.
3. C? indicates an incision that is purulent and requires incision and drainage.
Question 4:
In the hot summer, you find someone on the side of the road with heat stroke.
Reference Answer
1. Move the patient into the shade.
2. Cool the patient quickly, by whatever means. For example, let the patient immersed in a cool bathtub; let the patient rushed with a cool shower; spray the patient with cool water from a soft hose; wipe the patient with a sponge or cotton gauze dipped in cool water; if the humidity is low, wrap the patient in a cool, wet sheet and fan him or her vigorously.
3. Measure the temperature and continue to lower the temperature until the patient's temperature drops to 38-39 ℃.
4. If the paramedics do not arrive on time, call the hospital emergency room for further instructions.
5. Do not give the patient alcohol.
6. Get medical help as soon as possible.
7. And tell the patient what to do next time, and to protect themselves from the heat in the hot summer months and not to go outside.
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