How to determine whether the mercury thermometer is broken if it is dropped? 1. Observe the number method. The simplest and most direct way is to observe the reading on the thermometer. Use a thermometer to measure the temperature of different objects. If the temperature value does not change, it means that the thermometer is damaged.
2. Test in water. You can put the thermometer in a basin and put some water in it to cover the thermometer. If bubbles appear, it means the thermometer is leaking.
3. Direct observation method. You can directly observe the appearance of the thermometer to see if there are cracks or scratches.
Almost every family has a mercury thermometer as a spare. It is a tool we often use to judge body temperature. It is currently the most practical and accurate thermometer.
The structure and temperature measurement method classification of mercury thermometer
Structure: It consists of a mercury bulb and a thin glass tube. The mercury bubble is made of mercury containers and temperature sensing components. The thin glass tube mainly amplifies the expansion effect of mercury. It is a graduated jacket and serves as a reading scale.
Classification: three types: oral surface, anal surface, and axillary surface.
Correct measurement method and time of mercury thermometer
Disinfect with 75% alcohol before use. If you do not have 75% alcohol at home, you can also use high-strength liquor to disinfect. Do not put it in hot water for disinfection. . Hold the tail of the thermometer, shake it hard a few times, throw the mercury back to the head of the thermometer, and observe that the mercury reaches a scale below 35°C.
1. Armpit measurement method:
This is the most convenient place. It is also the most commonly used method in people's lives. Before measuring the temperature, dry the armpits with a dry towel, then place the mercury end of the thermometer deep in the armpit without exposing it, bend the arms across the chest, and clamp them tightly. If the infant needs to be held tightly, parents should hold the thermometer with their hands. Table, measure temperature for 10 minutes and take out. Measurements must be taken 30 minutes after taking a bath, drinking hot drinks, strenuous exercise, or being emotional, and pay attention to the fact that there should be no underwear or sheets between the thermometer and the armpit skin to ensure its accuracy. There should be no hot or cold objects that affect the temperature around the armpits, such as hot water, ice packs, etc. It is best to measure your child's temperature 30 minutes after eating or exercising, or when they are asleep or quiet. People who are too thin should not use underarm watches. If the measurement time has not expired and you release your armpit, you will need to measure again and the time will need to be recalculated. Normal armpit body temperature is generally 36-37℃
2. Oral measurement method:
Place the mercury end of the thermometer under the tongue, close your lips tightly, but do not bite your teeth. Speak and breathe through your nose, take it out after 3 minutes, wipe it clean and read the reading. Generally, the normal oral body temperature for adults is between 36.3-37.2℃, and it can be 0.5℃ higher for children.
Note: ① If you eat, drink hot drinks, exercise strenuously, get emotional, take a bath or smoke, take your temperature after half an hour. ② In the cold season, you must wait 15 minutes after entering the room from outside. ③ If you bite accidentally If the thermometer breaks, don’t panic. Rinse your mouth with water and spit out the broken glass and mercury in your mouth. You can also take milk or egg white orally. If you take a large amount by mistake, call 120 for help. ④Infants, difficulty breathing, and unconsciousness Do not measure oral temperature if you are pregnant, have a history of spasms, or are unable to cooperate.
3. Intra-anal measurement method. First, use liquid paraffin (you can also use soapy water) to lubricate the mercury-containing end of the thermometer and slowly insert it into the anus 3-4 cm (1.25 cm for infants and 2.5 cm for young children). Parents hold the upper end of the thermometer with their hands to prevent it from slipping or breaking. Take it out after 3 minutes, wipe the watch clean with gauze or soft toilet paper, and read the degree. The normal range of anal body temperature is generally 36.5-37.7℃. Patients with diarrhea, rectal, and anal diseases should not use anal temperature measurement.
The rectal temperature is suitable for use by all age groups. The result is closest to the core body temperature and is least affected by the ambient temperature, but it is inconvenient to measure. Mainly used for infants and comatose patients. There are two commonly used methods for measuring intra-anal temperature in infants and young children: First, let the child lie on your lap, press the child's back with one hand, and place the temperature on the top in advance Gently insert the lubricated (oiled) thermometer into the anus, then hold the thermometer between your index and middle fingers and place your palm against your child's buttocks.
Second, let the child lie down, follow the method of changing a diaper, lift the child's feet, and gently insert the pre-lubricated thermometer into the anus.
After measuring with the above three methods, read the reading on the thermometer correctly, turn the thermometer until a thick line is visible, and read the indicated number from the mercury column. After the measurement is completed, clean the thermometer with cold water, dry it and store it.
How to judge the degree of fever?
Body temperature higher than normal is called fever. Taking oral temperature measurement as an example, 37.3~38.0℃ is low fever, 38.1~39.0℃ is moderate fever, 39.1~41.0℃ is high fever, and above 41℃ is super fever. High fever. The temperature of the human body is relatively constant. A normal person's body temperature fluctuates slightly within 24 hours, and the difference is generally no more than 1°C. Under physiological conditions, body temperature is slightly lower in the morning and slightly higher in the evening. The body temperature of women is slightly higher after exercise, eating, before menstruation or during pregnancy, while the body temperature is lower in the elderly.
Precautions when using mercury thermometers:
1. Factors that affect the actual body temperature (such as drinking boiled water or cold drinks) should be avoided before measuring body temperature.
2. The maximum temperature value of the glass thermometer is 42 ℃, so the temperature should not exceed 42 ℃ during storage or disinfection. Since the glass of the temperature sensing bulb is thin, violent vibrations should be avoided.
3. It is strictly forbidden to use a damaged thermometer. If it is damaged during use, it should be dealt with urgently.
4. Although the method of measuring basal body temperature is simple, it is strict and requires long-term persistence. Generally, more than 3 consecutive menstrual cycles need to be measured to explain the problem. During the menstrual period, if you encounter colds, fever, diarrhea, insomnia, drinking, etc., it is often easy to affect the basal body temperature. You should pay attention when measuring and mark it with special instructions.
Will breaking a thermometer cause mercury poisoning?
The mercury in the thermometer will cause indoor mercury pollution. You can use sulfur scattered all over the mercury droplets. If there is no sulfur, you can break the raw eggs and replace the sulfur. Then clean them carefully and collect them in a sealable bottle or other container. Use a small electric fan in places where mercury may be scattered. Blow to make the mercury droplets not found evaporate into gas as soon as possible; indoor personnel should leave as much as possible and pay attention to opening windows for ventilation. If a mercury thermometer is broken on the bed, in addition to handling it according to the above methods, the contaminated bedding and clothing should be placed in a well-ventilated place away from people and allowed to dry for a long time before reuse. In addition, drinking more milk can help relieve mercury poisoning. Finally, containers collecting mercury contamination should be centralized and properly disposed of as quickly as possible.