The main points of electric shock first aid are actually nothing more than two points. The first way is to let the person who gets an electric shock leave the power supply to prevent the rescuer from getting an electric shock (methods include cutting off the power supply and connecting wires with insulators or wooden sticks, etc.). ), the second is to check the vital signs of the person who gets an electric shock and rescue him according to the situation (including the judgment of conscious breathing, calling for help, cardiopulmonary resuscitation methods when unconscious breathing, etc.). ).
Electrician's question, simple answer. Key points of first aid method for electric shock
1, immediately cut off the power supply, or use non-conductive objects such as dry wooden sticks, bamboo sticks or dry cloth to make the wounded get rid of the power supply as soon as possible. Emergency personnel should not directly contact the person who gets an electric shock, so as not to get an electric shock themselves and affect the rescue work.
2, when the wounded from the power supply, should immediately check the general situation of the wounded, especially breathing and heartbeat, found that breathing, heartbeat stopped, should immediately on-site rescue.
(1) Mild symptoms: The conscious person breathes and beats spontaneously, and the injured person lies on the ground, so keep close observation, and don't stand or walk temporarily to prevent secondary shock or heart failure.
(2) If the breathing stops and the heartbeat exists, unbutton the button on the spot, dredge the airway, and immediately carry out mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration. If possible, insert the trachea and give artificial respiration with pressurized oxygen. You can also acupuncture Renzhong, Xuan Shi, Yongquan and other points, or give respiratory stimulants (such as lobeline, caffeine, and colamin).
(3) If there is cardiac arrest and breathing, chest compressions should be performed immediately.
(4) If breathing and heartbeat stop, chest compressions should be performed at the same time as artificial respiration to establish breathing and circulation and restore oxygen supply to all organs. It is best to carry out mouth-to-mouth resuscitation and chest compressions respectively according to the ratio of 1: 5, that is, artificial respiration 1 time and heart compressions for 5 times. If only 1 person is rescued at the scene, chest compressions and artificial respiration should be carried out according to the ratio of 15: 2, that is, 15 chest compressions first, and then mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration twice, so the rescue must be carried out at the end.
(5) When dealing with electric injury, pay attention to whether there are other injuries. If the power supply bounces off or falls from high altitude after electric shock, it is often complicated with craniocerebral trauma, hemopneumothorax, visceral rupture, limbs and pelvic fractures. If there are injuries and burns, they should be treated at the same time.
(6) During on-site rescue, don't move the wounded at will. If it is really necessary to move, the rescue interruption time shall not exceed 30 seconds. When moving the wounded or sending them to the hospital, we should not only let the wounded lie flat on the stretcher and put a flat and hard board on the back, but also continue to rescue them. Those who have stopped breathing should continue artificial respiration and chest compressions, and can't stop treatment before the hospital medical staff takes over.
What are the main points of electric shock first aid?
In case of electric shock, cut off the power supply in time before rescue. If you can't find the power supply, use an insulating glue stick or wooden stick to pick up the charged objects such as wires that come into contact with the electric shock person to prevent electric shock during rescue. Immediately after that, check the vital signs of the person who got an electric shock. If he is unconscious and breathing, he needs to start cardiopulmonary resuscitation and call an ambulance. In a word, it is very important to deal with the safety of the scene environment in the first aid of electric shock, otherwise it will easily lead to further personal injury.
Steps of electric shock first aid
1 To get an electric shock first aid, first of all, the person who gets an electric shock should be quickly separated from the power supply, and the sooner the better. Because the longer the current acts, the heavier the damage. 2. Disconnecting the power supply refers to disconnecting the switch, circuit breaker or other circuit-breaking equipment of the live equipment contacted by the electric shock person; Or try to separate the electrocuted person from the live equipment. When there is a power failure, rescuers should not only save people, but also pay attention to protecting themselves. Paramedics are not allowed to touch the wounded directly with their hands before the electric shock victim is disconnected from the power supply, because there is a danger of electric shock. If the person who gets an electric shock is in a high place, he will fall from a high place after touching the power supply. Therefore, preventive measures should be taken. If the person who gets an electric shock touches the low-voltage live equipment, the ambulance personnel should try to cut off the power supply quickly, such as turning on the power switch or circuit breaker and unplugging the power plug. Or use insulating tools, dry sticks, boards, ropes, etc. To get rid of electric shock; You can also grab the dry but not close-fitting clothes of the electric shock person and drag them away. Remember to avoid contact with metal objects and the body of the person who gets an electric shock; You can also wear insulating gloves or dry your hands. Clothes, etc. Wrapped in insulating material to avoid electric shock; Rescuers can also stand on insulating mats or dry wooden boards to insulate themselves for rescue. In order to release the electrocuted person from the conductor, it is best to use one hand. If the current enters the ground through the electrocuted person, and the electrocuted person holds the wire tightly, you can try to put dry wood under your body to isolate it from the ground. You can also cut the wires with dry wood, an axe or pliers with insulated handles. Cut the thread in stages, one by one, and try to stand on insulation or dry board. 6 If the person who gets an electric shock touches high-voltage live equipment, the ambulance personnel should quickly cut off the power supply, or use insulating tools (wearing insulating gloves, insulating boots and insulating rods) suitable for the voltage level to rescue the person who gets an electric shock. Rescuers should pay attention to keeping a necessary safe distance from the surrounding live parts during rescue. 7 An electric shock accident occurs on the overhead line tower. If it is a low-voltage live line, the power supply of the line should be cut off immediately if possible, or the ambulance personnel should quickly board the pole and fasten their seat belts, and then use wire cutters with insulating rubber handles, dry non-conductive objects or insulating objects to pull the electric shock victim away from the power supply; If it is a high-voltage live line, it is impossible to cut off the power switch quickly, and a short metal wire with sufficient cross section and appropriate length can be used to trip the power switch. Before throwing and hanging, one end of the short route should be fixed on the iron tower or grounding downlead, and the other end should be tied with heavy objects. However, when taking a short route, attention should be paid to prevent electric arc from hurting people or wire breakage from endangering personnel safety. No matter what level of voltage line is electrocuted, rescuers should pay attention to prevent the possibility of falling from a height and touching other live lines again when disconnecting the power supply of the electrocuted person. 8 If the person who gets an electric shock comes into contact with the charged high-voltage conductor that falls to the ground, the ambulance personnel shall not approach the disconnection point within 8 ~ 10m before taking safety measures (such as wearing insulating boots or jumping close to the person who gets an electric shock with temporary feet) to prevent people from being injured by stepping voltage. Those who get an electric shock should also be taken 8 ~ 10 meters away immediately after leaving the fire line. Only when it is confirmed that there is no electricity in the line, can the person who gets an electric shock leave the electric shock conductor and immediately carry out on-site first aid. 9 When cutting off the power supply to rescue the electric shock wounded, sometimes the lighting will be cut off at the same time, and temporary lighting such as emergency lighting and emergency lights should be considered. The new lighting should meet the requirements of fire and explosion prevention in the workplace. But this should not delay the removal of power and first aid. 1 If the person who gets an electric shock is conscious, he should lie flat and observe closely. Don't stand or walk for a while. If the electric shock victim loses consciousness, he/she should lie flat and make sure the respiratory tract is unobstructed. Within 5 seconds, he/she should call the injured person or pat his/her shoulder to determine whether the injured person is unconscious. Don't shake the head of the wounded and don't call the wounded. The wounded who need to be rescued should immediately adhere to the correct on-site rescue and try to contact the medical department to take over the treatment. 4. Judgment of respiration and heartbeat: 4. 1 If the electric shock victim loses consciousness, the respiration and heartbeat of the injured person should be judged by watching, listening and trying within 10s. 4. 1. 1 Look-see if there are ups and downs in the chest and abdomen of the wounded; 4. 1.2 Listen-put your ear close to the nose and mouth of the wounded and listen to the breathing; 4. 1.3 test-test whether there is expiratory airflow in the nose and mouth. Then use two fingers to gently test whether the carotid artery in the depression next to the Adam's apple on one side (left or right) beats. 4.2 If the results of watching, listening and measuring show that there is no breathing or carotid pulse, it can be judged that the breathing heartbeat stops. 1 When the person who gets an electric shock stops breathing and heartbeat, he should immediately carry out on-site rescue according to the three basic measures of cardiopulmonary resuscitation to support life. A. the airway is unobstructed; Artificial mouth-to-mouth resuscitation ......
~ ~ Excuse me, what are the emergency measures for electric shock?
Precautions for electric shock first aid and traditional first aid methods: 1 Precautions for on-site rescue 1 Re-judgment during rescue (1) Always pay attention to changes when rescuing people with electric shock with cardiopulmonary resuscitation. After blowing 1min (equivalent to four cycles of blowing 15:2 in a single rescue), it is necessary to use the methods of seeing, listening and trying to judge whether the breathing and heartbeat of the electric shock person recover within 5 ~ 7s. (2) If it is judged that the carotid artery is pulsating but not breathing, the chest compressions should be suspended, and the blowing should be continued for 4 times (each time 1 ~ 1.5s), and then it can be blown every 4 ~ 5s (i.e. about 12 ~ 16 times/min). If the pulse and breathing have not recovered, continue to insist on cardiopulmonary resuscitation. (3) During the whole rescue process, re-judgment shall be conducted every few minutes, and the judgment time shall not exceed 5 ~ 7s. Before the medical personnel take over the rescue, they shall not give up the on-site rescue. 1.2 Move and transfer (1) Cardiopulmonary resuscitation should be performed on the spot. Don't move the person who gets an electric shock at will for temporary convenience. If it is really necessary to move or send to the hospital, the interruption time of rescue shall not exceed 30s. Let the electrocuted person lie flat on the stretcher and pad his back with a flat and hard wide plate. He must not stop until the medical staff takes over the treatment. (2) If possible, put the broken borneol in a plastic bag and wrap it around the head of the electrocuted person in the shape of a hat to expose the eyes, so as to reduce the brain temperature and try to revive the heart, lungs and brain as soon as possible. 1.3 Treatment of electric shock patients after their injuries have improved (1) After the heartbeat and breathing recover, someone may suddenly stop again in the early stage, so they should be closely monitored and ready to be rescued again at any time. (2) After the initial recovery, the person who gets an electric shock will be delirious, delirious or fidgety. Try to keep him calm. 2 Other precautions for emergency rescue (1) If it is found that the skin of the electric shock person turns from purple to red and the pupil changes from big to small during the first aid, the effect has been seen; When the electric shock person's lips slightly open and close, eyelids move or throat has swallowing-like movements, it should be observed whether breathing and heartbeat are restored. Only when the breathing and heartbeat of the electrocuted person have returned to normal, or there are obvious symptoms of death (dilated pupils, no light response, red dead spots on the back and limbs, blue skin and stiff body) and the doctor diagnosed that he has died can the rescue be suspended. (2) For the local trauma caused by electric injury and fall, appropriate treatment should also be taken in the field rescue to prevent bacterial infection and fall fracture from stabbing the surrounding tissues, so as to alleviate the pain of those who get an electric shock and facilitate transfer to the hospital. 3 Other scientific methods to rescue people who get an electric shock When rescuing people who get an electric shock on the spot, the following scientific methods can be adopted when conditions permit, so that the first aid work can achieve the best possible effect. (1) new acupuncture therapy: Chinese medicine is a great treasure house, especially acupuncture therapy plays a considerable role in electric shock first aid. In the process of on-site rescue, medical staff can cooperate with the use of new acupuncture therapy of traditional Chinese medicine. Acupuncture points include Renzhong, Baihui, Fengfu, Fengchi, Chimen, Neiguan, Shenmen, Zhongchong, Shaoshang, Xuanshi and Yongquan. Specifically, appropriate acupoints can be selected according to different situations of electric shock; You can also use a slightly thicker needle to draw blood at Renzhong, Xuan Shi and other acupoints. (2) Forced oxygen delivery: At the same time of artificial respiration, an oxygen mask or an oxygen bag can be used to exert a certain pressure to force the electrocuted person to inhale a mixture of oxygen and 7% carbon dioxide, which is very beneficial for restoring the normal breathing and heartbeat function of the electrocuted person. (3) Stimulant injection: Doctors can inject an appropriate amount of respiratory stimulants into the electrocuted person at a suitable time according to the specific symptoms and development of the electrocuted person, so as to help the electrocuted person return to normal. Can I give an electric shock a shot in the arm? "cardiotonic needle" is commonly known as "life-saving needle". There are many cardiotonic drugs, such as epinephrine hydrochloride, norepinephrine, isoproterenol and so on. According to modern medical literature and related experiments, it was not entirely correct to think that emergency injection of epinephrine and other drugs would aggravate ventricular fibrillation. On the contrary, according to the specific situation of the electrocuted person, such as when the ventricular fibrillation is "fine fibrillation" rather than "coarse fibrillation" (the ECG waveform is sawtooth wave), proper injection of such drugs or electric defibrillation with a defibrillator can reduce the frequency effect of cardiac fibrillation and increase the contraction amplitude, thus promoting the heart to return to normal beating. but ......