One, China's current investment composition and the composition of the project cost of the construction project investment contains fixed asset investment and current asset investment in two parts of the total investment in the construction project of the fixed asset investment and the construction cost of the construction project in the amount of the project is equal. The basic composition of the project cost, including for the purchase of the project contains a variety of equipment costs, for construction and installation of construction costs, for the commissioning of engineering survey and design costs should be paid for the purchase of land costs, including for the construction unit itself for the project preparation and project management costs spent. In short, the project cost is the project in accordance with the determination of the construction content, construction scale, construction standards, functional requirements and requirements for the use of all completed and accepted for delivery of all costs.
China's current project cost is mainly divided into the composition of equipment and tools, apparatus purchase costs (equipment purchase costs, tools and apparatus and the purchase of production furniture), construction and installation costs (direct costs, overheads, planned profits, taxes), other costs of engineering and construction (land use costs, other costs related to the construction project, other costs associated with the production and operation of the future enterprise), the cost of reserves (basic reserve, price increase reserve), interest on loans during the construction period, fixed asset investment direction adjustment tax and several other items.
Two, the composition of the World Bank project cost
(a) the project direct construction costs. Project direct construction costs include the following: (1) land acquisition costs; (2) off-site facilities costs; (3) site costs; (4) process equipment costs; (5) equipment installation costs; (6) piping system costs; (7) electrical equipment costs; (8) electrical installation costs; (9) instrumentation costs; (10) machinery insulation and painting costs; (11) process building costs; (12) service building costs; (13) general plant public * * * facilities; (14) vehicles; and (15) other local costs.
(ii) Project indirect construction costs. It mainly includes:
(1) Project management costs.
1) Salary and benefit costs for headquarters personnel, and costs for preliminary and detailed engineering design, procurement, time and cost control, administration and other general management.
2) Salaries and benefits of construction management site personnel and costs for construction site supervision, quality assurance, site procurement, time and cost control, administration and other construction management agencies.
3) Incidental and miscellaneous costs.
4) Various honoraria.
(2) Start-up trial costs.
(3) Owner's administrative costs.
(4) Pre-production costs.
(5) Freight and insurance costs.
(6) Local taxes.
(3) Contingency fees. Contingency includes the following:
(1) Reserve for unspecified items. This reserve is for potential items that cannot be specified at the time of the estimate, including those that cannot be fully foreseen and cannot be indicated at the time the cost estimate is made because of a lack of complete, accurate, and detailed information, and which must be accomplished or the cost of which is certain to be incurred. It is an integral part of the estimate.
(2) Unforeseen Reserve. This reserve is used in the event of an increase in the estimate due to physical, social and economic changes after the estimate has reached a certain level of completeness and meets technical standards. The unforeseeable reserve is only a reserve and may not be utilized.
(iv) Construction Cost Escalation Charges
Usually, the cut-off date for adjustments to the known cost basis of the constituent wage rates, material and equipment prices used in the estimate to compensate for the basis up to the end of the project is the "estimate date". This date or unknown price must be increased.
Section II equipment and work, the composition of the purchase cost of appliances
A, the composition and calculation of equipment purchase cost is the purchase of equipment for the construction project or homemade to meet the standard of fixed assets of a variety of domestic or imported equipment, tools, appliances, the purchase cost.
Equipment purchase cost = equipment + equipment transportation and miscellaneous expenses
(a) the original price of domestic equipment and the calculation of the original price of domestic equipment generally refers to the equipment manufacturer's delivery price, or order contract price.
1. Domestic standard equipment original price. Domestic standard equipment refers to the standard drawings and technical requirements issued by the competent authorities, mass production of equipment manufacturers in China, in line with national quality testing standards of equipment. There are two kinds of domestic standard equipment original price, namely, the original price with spare parts and the original price without spare parts.
2. Domestic non-standard equipment original price of domestic non-standard equipment refers to the country has no stereotyped standards, the equipment manufacturers may not be used in the process of mass production, only according to an order, and according to the specific design drawings manufactured equipment. The original price of non-standard equipment has a variety of different methods of calculation, such as costing valuation method, the series of equipment insertion valuation method, the combination of divisional valuation method, the quota valuation method and so on. According to the costing valuation method, the original price of non-standard equipment consists of the following items:
(1) material cost: material cost = material net weight × (1 + processing loss coefficient) × comprehensive price per ton of material
(2) processing cost: processing cost = total weight of the equipment (tons) × processing cost per ton of the equipment
(3) auxiliary material cost (referred to as auxiliary material cost): auxiliary material cost = Total weight of equipment × auxiliary materials fee index
(4) special tools fee.
(5) scrap loss fee.
(6) The cost of purchased ancillary parts.
(7) Packaging costs.
(8) Profit.
(9) Taxes: value-added tax = current output tax - input tax current output tax = sales × applicable value-added tax rate
(10) Non-standard equipment design fees: calculated in accordance with the state regulations on design fee charges.
Original price of a single piece of non-standard equipment = {[(material costs + processing costs + auxiliary materials) × (1 + special tools rate) × (1 + scrap loss rate) + outsourcing of ancillary parts] × (1 + packaging rate) - outsourcing of ancillary parts fee} × (1 + profit margin) + output tax + non-standard equipment design fees + outsourcing of ancillary parts fee
(b) The composition of the original price of imported equipment and Calculation of the original price of imported equipment refers to the imported equipment CIF, that is, arriving at the buyer's border port or border station, and after the payment of customs duties and other taxes and fees to form the price. CIF value of imported equipment is related to the delivery category of imported equipment.
1, the delivery category of imported equipment imported equipment delivery category can be divided into inland delivery category, destination delivery category, port of shipment delivery category.
Inland delivery category. That is, the seller in the exporting country inland delivery of a location. In the place of delivery, the seller timely submission of the contract goods and related documents, and bear all the costs and risks before delivery; the buyer accepts the goods on time, delivery of payment, bear all the costs and risks after receiving the goods, and their own export formalities and shipment for export. The ownership of the goods is also transferred from the seller to the buyer after delivery.
Delivery at destination. That is, the seller in the port of the importing country or the mainland delivery, there are the port of destination on board the delivery price, the port of destination ship side delivery price (FOS) and the port of destination terminal delivery price (tariffs have been paid) and duty-paid delivery price (the importing country's designated places) and so on several kinds of delivery price. They are characterized by the following: the responsibilities, costs and risks borne by the buyer and seller are divided by the agreed point of delivery at destination, and only when the seller puts the goods under the buyer's control at the point of delivery is it considered as delivery and the payment can be collected from the buyer. This delivery category for the seller to bear the risk of larger, in international trade, the seller is generally reluctant to use.
Port of shipment delivery category. That is, the seller in the exporting country port of shipment delivery; the main port of shipment on board (FOB), customarily referred to as f.o.b. prices, freight within the price (C&F) and freight, insurance within the price (CIF), customarily referred to as c.i.f. prices. They are characterized by: the seller in accordance with the agreed time of delivery at the port of shipment, as long as the seller to the contractual provisions of the goods loaded on board the ship to provide freight documents will complete the delivery task, the documents can be recovered payment.
2. Imported equipment CIF composition and calculation of imported equipment CIF = cargo price + international freight + transportation insurance + bank finance charges + foreign trade charges + customs duty + VAT + consumption tax + customs supervision charges + vehicle purchase surcharge,
(1) the price of goods (FOB).
(2) international freight for: international freight (sea, land, air) = the original currency price of goods (FOB) × freight rate international freight (sea, land, air) = shipping volume × unit freight
(3) transport insurance: transport insurance = (original currency price of goods (FOB) + foreign freight) / (1 - insurance rate) × insurance rate
>(4) bank finance charges. Generally refers to the Bank of China handling fees, can be simplified according to the following formula: bank finance charges = Renminbi cargo price (FOB) × bank finance rate
(5) foreign trade handling fees: foreign trade handling fees = (port of shipment on board delivery price (FOB) + international freight + transport insurance) × foreign trade handling fee rate
(6) tariffs: tariffs = CIF (CIF) × import tariffs Tax rate
(7) Value-added tax (VAT): VAT on imports = Component taxable price × VAT rate Component taxable price = Customs duty-paid price + Customs duty + Consumption tax
(8) Consumption tax: Consumption tax payable = (CIF + Customs duty) / (1 - Consumption tax rate) × Consumption tax rate
(9) Customs supervision Handling fee: customs supervision handling fee = cif × customs supervision handling fee rate (generally 0.3%)
(10) vehicle purchase surcharge: imported vehicle purchase surcharge = (cif + tariff + excise tax + value-added tax) × imported vehicle purchase surcharge rate
(C) the composition and calculation of equipment transportation and miscellaneous charges
1. Transportation and miscellaneous charges are usually composed of the following:
(1) freight and handling charges. Domestic equipment from the equipment manufacturer from the place of delivery to the site warehouse (or construction organization design designated by the need to install the equipment of the stacking place) the freight and handling costs incurred.
(2) packaging costs.
(3) Handling fee of the equipment supply and marketing department. Production furniture and spare parts and other acquisition costs. Calculation formula: tools, appliances and production furniture purchase cost = equipment purchase cost × fixed rate
Section III: construction and installation cost composition (No. 206)
I. Construction and installation cost content and composition of the construction and installation cost overview of construction and installation cost composition and calculation
II. Direct cost by direct engineering costs and measures to be composed of fees.
(a) direct engineering costs: refers to the construction process consumed by the composition of the cost of the project entity.
1. labor costs: refers to the production workers directly engaged in the construction of building and installation projects, including: (1) basic wages; (2) wage subsidies; (3) production workers auxiliary wages; (4) employee benefits; (5) production workers labor protection costs;
(2) measures: refers to the completion of the construction of the project, the construction process of the construction of the project occurred in the construction of the non-engineering and non-engineering The cost of the physical project.
Including: 1. environmental protection fee; 2. civilized construction fee; 3. safety construction fee; 4. temporary facilities fee; 5. night construction fee; 6. secondary handling fee; 7. large machinery and equipment into and out of the site and dismantling fee; 8. concrete, reinforced concrete formwork and support fee; 9. scaffolding fee; 10. completed works and equipment protection fee; 11. construction drainage, precipitation fee.
Third, indirect costs are composed of fees and enterprise management fees.
(1) Fees and charges: refers to the government and the relevant authority that must be paid include: 1. project sewage fee; 2. project quota determination fee; 3. social security fee; 4. housing provident fund; 5. hazardous operations accidental injury insurance.
(2) enterprise management fees: refers to the construction and installation enterprises to organize construction production and business management costs.
Contents include: 1. management personnel wages; 2. office expenses; 3. travel and transportation costs; 4. fixed asset use; 5. tools and appliances use; 6. labor insurance premiums; 7. labor union funds; 8. employee education expenses; 9. property insurance premiums; 10. financial fees; 11. taxes; 12. other.
Four. Profit is the profit earned by a construction company from the completion of the work contracted.
V. Taxes refer to the business tax, urban maintenance and construction tax and education surcharge, etc., which should be included in the cost of construction and installation works as stipulated in the national tax law.
Reference formulas for each component are as follows:
I. Direct Costs
(I) Direct Project Costs Material Costs = (Material Consumption×Materials Base Price)＋Inspection and Testing FeeMaterials Base Price = ((Supply Price＋Transportation and Miscellaneous Fee)×(1＋Transportation Loss)×(1＋Purchase and Storage Fee)
Tablet Unit Costs = Table Depreciation Fee + Table Overhaul Fee + Table Frequent Processing Fee + Table Overhaul Fee + Table Overhaul Fee + Table Overhaul Fee Bench regular handling costs + Bench dismantling costs and off-site transportation costs + Bench labor costs + Bench fuel costs + road maintenance costs and vehicle and vessel use tax
(b) measures cost of this rule is only listed in the calculation of the general measures cost items, the calculation of the special measures cost items of the professional engineering by the region or the State Council, the relevant professional department in charge of the cost of the project cost management agency to develop their own.
1. environmental protection environmental protection fee = direct project cost × environmental protection fee rate (%)
2. enterprise management fee rate enterprise management fee rate formula
(1) based on the calculation of direct fee
(2) based on the labor cost
Section IV of the construction of the project construction of the other costs of the other costs of the construction of the project construction costs, refers to the cost of construction of the project construction of the other costs, from the preparation of the construction of the project to the completion of the acceptance of the project. Project preparation to the completion of the project acceptance and delivery of the use of the entire construction period, in addition to the construction and installation costs and equipment and labor, equipment acquisition costs, in order to ensure the successful completion of the construction and delivery of the project can be used to play a normal role in the costs incurred.
I. Land Use Costs
(1) Land Expropriation and Relocation Compensation Costs Land expropriation and relocation compensation costs refer to the costs paid by a construction project that obtains the unlimited right to use the land by means of allocation in accordance with the provisions of the "People's Republic of China*** and the State Land Management Law" and other regulations. Its total sum shall generally not exceed 30 times the annual production value of the land to be expropriated, while the annual production value of the land shall be calculated on the basis of the average production of the three years prior to the expropriation of the land and the price stipulated by the State. Its contents include:
1. Land compensation fee.
2. Compensation for seedlings and compensation for houses, wells, trees and other attachments on the expropriated land.
3. Resettlement subsidy.
4. Payment of arable land occupation tax or urban land use tax, land registration fee and land requisition management fee.
5. Land acquisition and relocation fees.
6. Compensation fees for treatment of reservoir flooding in water conservancy and hydropower projects.
(2) Land Use Right Grant Land Use Right Grant refers to the land use right grant paid by a construction project through land use right grant to obtain the land use right for a limited period of time, in accordance with the "Interim Regulations on Granting and Transferring of the Right of Use of State-owned Land in Cities and Towns of the People's Republic of China*** and the State".
1. It is clear that the state is the sole owner of urban land, and cedes and transfers urban land at different levels, with compensation and for a limited period of time. The first level is the city government will be state-owned land use rights ceded to the landowner, the level by the city government monopoly. The object of concession can be enterprises and institutions with legal personality or foreign investors. Transfers at the second level and below occur between users.
2. The granting and transfer of urban land may be by agreement, tender, or public auction.
(1) Agreement method
(2) Tendering method
(3) Public auction 3. When granting and transferring land in return for payment, the government does not make uniform regulations on land prices, but should adhere to the following principles:
(1) Land prices do not have a major impact on the current investment environment;
(2) Land prices are in line with local socio-economic affordability compatible;
(3) the land price takes into account the land development costs already invested, the supply and demand in the land market, the land use and the service life.
4. Regarding the number of years for which the government grants the right to use land at a fee, 50 years is appropriate.
II. Other costs related to the construction of the project
(1) Management fee of the construction unit 1. Start-up cost of the construction unit. 2.
(ii) Survey and design fee
(iii) Research and test fee
(iv) Construction unit temporary facilities fee
(v) Engineering supervision fee
(vi) Engineering insurance fee
(vii) Introduction of technology and other costs of imported equipment
(viii) Engineering contracting fee
III. Other costs related to future Other costs related to the production and operation of the enterprise
(I) joint trial run fee joint trial run fee refers to the new enterprise or new increase in the production process of the expansion of the enterprise in the completion of the acceptance of the project, in accordance with the design of the project quality standards, the entire workshop load or no load joint trial run costs incurred expenses greater than the trial run income loss costs.
(ii) production preparation costs production preparation costs refers to new enterprises or new production capacity of enterprises, in order to ensure the completion of the delivery of the necessary production preparation costs incurred.
(C) office and living furniture acquisition costs office and living furniture acquisition costs refers to the cost of office and living furniture and appliances necessary to ensure the normal production, use and management of new construction, alteration and expansion projects at the initial stage.
Section V reserve, interest on loans during the construction period, fixed asset investment direction adjustment tax a. Reserve according to China's current regulations, including the basic reserve and reserve for price increases.
(A) the basic reserve costs basic reserve refers to the preliminary design and budget estimates within the difficult to predict the cost of the project, the cost of content includes:
1. In the approved scope of the preliminary design, technical design, construction drawings, design and construction of the process of increasing the cost of the project; design changes, such as the increase in the cost of local foundation treatment.
2. The cost of losses caused by general natural disasters and measures taken to prevent natural disasters. The cost of the project to implement engineering insurance should be appropriately reduced.
3. The cost of necessary excavation and repair of concealed works for the purpose of appraising the quality of works at the time of completion and acceptance.
Basic reserve is based on the purchase of equipment and tools, construction and installation costs and other costs of construction of the three as the basis for calculation, multiplied by the basic reserve rate.
(B) the reserve price increase reserve price increase reserve refers to the construction project during the construction period due to price changes caused by changes in the project cost of the forecast reserve fee. Fees from the content include: labor, equipment, materials, construction machinery, price difference fees, construction and installation costs and other costs of construction adjustments, interest rates, exchange rate adjustments and other increases.
Two, the construction period loan interest construction period loan interest, including loans to domestic banks and other non-bank financial institutions, export credits, foreign government loans, international commercial bank loans and bonds issued at home and abroad in the construction period should be repaid loan interest.
When the total loan is issued in equal installments over a period of years, the calculation of interest during the construction period can be considered by the current year's borrowing at the end of the year, that is, the current year's loans are interest-bearing by half a year, and the previous year's loans are interest-bearing for the whole year. Calculation formula: q j = (Pj-1 + 0.5Aj) × I
Three, fixed asset investment direction adjustment tax investment direction adjustment tax according to national industrial policy and the economic scale of the project to implement the differentiated tax rate, the tax rate of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 30% of the five grades. Differential tax rates are designed according to two major categories, one is the investment in capital construction projects and the other is the investment in renewal and transformation projects. The former designed four tax rates, namely, 0%, 5%, 15%, 30%; the latter designed two tax rates, namely, 0%, 10%.
In order to implement the national macro-control policies, expand domestic demand and encourage investment, according to the decision of the State Council, the taxpayers under the "Interim Regulations on the Adjustment Tax on the Direction of Investment in Fixed Assets of the People's Republic of China*** and the State", and the investment in fixed assets of taxable projects since January 1, 2000, the amount of the new investment, the fixed asset investment direction of the adjustment tax is suspended. However, the tax has not been canceled