1. Direct products include: formaldehyde, glacial acetic acid, dimethyl ether (DME), MTBE, methylamine, methyl formate, methane chloride (CMS), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), dimethyl sulfate, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), MTO/MTP and methanol protein.
1、
formaldehyde
Formaldehyde is one of the most important downstream products of methanol and one of the most important basic organic chemical raw materials. Its biggest use is to produce phenolic resin, adhesives and other organic chemicals. In recent years, with the rapid development of China's economic construction, the output of formaldehyde has increased by 4.5% every year, and the annual demand for raw material methanol is more than 654.38+0 million tons. In order to meet the demand of chemical market, a new process of methanol to formaldehyde should be developed vigorously to meet the needs of synthesizing high-quality engineering plastics (phenolic resin) and urotropine.
2, glacial acetic acid
Acetic acid production in China mainly includes carbonylation, ethylene and ethanol. According to the data provided by the National Acetic Acid Industry Cooperation Group, in 2005, the production capacity of acetic acid by methanol carbonylation in China was about 900,000 t, the output was 766,000 t, and the methanol consumption was 490,000 t; In 2006, the production capacity was about 65438+400,000 tons, the output was11830,000 tons, and the methanol consumption was 760,000 tons. ..
In 20 10, the capacity of carbonyl acetic acid in China will reach 7.05 million tons. If the operating rate is calculated at 85%, the output of carbonyl acetic acid will reach 3.78 million to 6 million tons. If the production of 1t acetic acid requires 0.6t methanol, it will consume 2.27m ~ 3.6m t methanol.
3. Dimethyl ether (DME)
According to statistics, by 2007, there were 30 dimethyl ether production enterprises in China, with a total capacity of 26 1 10,000 tons/year and an output of10.3 million tons. Among them, 23 companies need to purchase methanol, with a total production capacity of 6.5438+0.705 million tons; There are 7 self-provided methanol plants with a total production capacity of 905,000 tons. In addition, the dimethyl ether production capacity will increase by 654.38+475,000 tons in 2008. At present, the main use of dimethyl ether in China is to replace liquefied petroleum gas and aerosol propellant, followed by diesel as the main alternative fuel, and it can also be used as a methyl reagent for the production of dimethyl sulfate, toluene and high-purity nitrogen, N- dimethylaniline and other chemicals as chemical raw materials. In addition, it is also used as a cleaning agent to clean the surface of high-precision instruments (electronic instruments). It can also be used as environment-friendly refrigerant and foaming agent.
4. Methyl tert-butyl ether
Methyl tert-butyl ether produced by isobutylene and methanol under the action of strong acid cation exchange resin is a good high octane gasoline component. MTBE is mainly used as a modifier for gasoline and added to gasoline. MTBE and MTBE are cracked to produce high-purity isobutylene, and fine chemical products such as butyl rubber, methyl methacrylate and polyisobutylene with high technical content, high added value and good market prospects are also favored by the market. In 2007, the output of MTBE in China was estimated to be 6,543,800+700,000 tons.
5. Methylamine
Methylamine is an important fatty amine. A series of products with different structures (monomethylamine, dimethylamine and trimethylamine) are separated from liquid ammonia and methanol by pressure distillation under catalytic conditions. It is one of the basic organic chemical raw materials. At present, the domestic annual production capacity is about 250,000 tons. With the rapid development of DMF in China, the demand for methylamine, especially dimethylamine, is increasing. Monomethylamine, dimethylamine and trimethylamine are all intermediates in chemical industry, pesticides, medicine and coatings, and their market prospects are considerable.
6. Methyl formate (MF), also known as methyl formate, is a widely used low-boiling solvent, which can be directly used as an insecticide, bactericide and fumigant for treating cereals, fruits, dried fruits and tobacco, and also as a raw material for synthesizing sulfonamides and antitussive drugs. Methyl formate is often used as an intermediate in medicine, pesticide and organic synthesis, and also as a solvent for cellulose acetate. Methyl formate has high reactivity, from which more than 50 products can be prepared, so it is called a universal intermediate. At present, MF is mainly used to produce formamide and dimethylformamide.
(DMF), formic acid and many fine chemical products with high added value, such as malonic acid series products, glycolic acid and its downstream products, glycine, etc. The annual production capacity of methyl formate in China is about
50,000 tons, the demand is around 80,000 tons.
7. Methane chloride (CMS) Methane chloride (CMS) is a general term for methyl chloride, dichloromethane, chloroform and carbon tetrachloride, and it is an important organic chlorine product. CMS can be used as degreasing agent (paint), extractant, aerosol, refrigerant, fire extinguishing agent and anesthetic. It is also the raw material for producing medicines, pesticides, synthetic fibers, plastics, silicone and organic fluorine series products. The industrial production of methane chloride takes methanol and chlorine as main raw materials and adopts direct chlorination production process. In recent years, China's CMS production has developed rapidly, with a total production capacity of over 250,000 t/a.
8. Dimethyl carbonate
Dimethyl carbonate is an important industrial carbonate. As an excellent methylation reagent, it is used to synthesize food additives, antioxidants, dyes, pharmaceutical intermediates, pesticides and so on. It is an ideal substitute for phosgene and dimethyl sulfate. Mainly using methanol, carbon monoxide, H2 and oxygen as raw materials, it is produced by methanol oxidative carbonylation process. At present, the total capacity of dimethyl carbonate in China is above 654.38+10,000 t/a.
9. The molecular formula of dimethyl sulfate (DMS) is (CH3O)2SO2, which is a colorless oily liquid with slight onion smell and great toxicity. It is suspected to be a human carcinogen. Mainly used in methylation reagents, pharmaceuticals, dyes, spices and other industries. Because DMS is toxic and corrosive to equipment, DMC is gradually adopted to replace DMS in industry. With the improvement of national environmental protection requirements, modified products will eventually be eliminated.
10 and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) are extremely important aprotic polar solvents and important fine chemical products. They have always been called "universal solvents" and "universal drugs" abroad. They are widely used in many chemical industries, such as medicine, pesticide, petroleum, chemical industry, organic synthesis, electronics, coatings, metallurgy, dyes and polymer materials, and are still finding some new uses. DMSO production in China takes carbon disulfide and methanol as raw materials, and the products are prepared by synthesis, oxidation, neutralization, evaporation, desalination and vacuum distillation, all of which adopt a new liquid phase emulsification process. At present, the production capacity exceeds 50,000 tons.
1 1, MTO/MTP MTO process of methanol to olefins and MTP process of methanol to propylene are the important chemical technologies of C 1 at present, which are the chemical technologies of methanol to low-carbon olefins from coal or natural gas and the core technologies of ethylene and propylene from coal instead of oil. At present, there is no industrial production device, and it can be predicted that MTO/MTP will be industrialized soon with the arrival of high oil prices.
12, white needle-like crystal of dimethyl terephthalate (DMT), melting point 140.7℃, boiling point 284℃, easy to sublimate, DMT is obtained by esterification of terephthalic acid and methanol.
13, methanol protein Methanol protein is a single-cell protein produced with methanol as the substrate. Methanol protein is a bacterial protein obtained by culturing single-celled organisms. At present, it is mainly used as feed protein for livestock and poultry. Compared with other natural animals and plants such as fish meal and soybean, protein has higher nutritional value. At present, the actual gap of domestic protein feed is120,000 tons. If110 of this gap is filled with methanol protein,10.2 million tons of methanol protein is needed.
Second, indirect products include dimethylformamide (DMF), ethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and methyl methacrylate.
1, dimethylformamide (DMF) is a colorless, slightly amine-flavored liquid, which is mainly used in polyurethane, acrylic fiber, medicine, pesticides, dyes, electronics and other industries. Non-aqueous solvents. Solvents such as vinyl resin and acetylene. The industrial production of DMF mainly includes formic acid two-step method, methanol dehydrogenation two-step method and one-step method. At present, the total DMF production capacity of five domestic DMF production industries (Jiangshan in Zhejiang, Hengsheng in Lu Hua, Jiutian in Anyang, Huainan in Anhui and Riyue in Zhangqiu) is close to 500,000 tons/year, and all of them adopt one-step process.
2. It is of great significance for ethylene glycol to develop the route of methanol to ethylene glycol, which can realize the synthesis of ethylene glycol by replacing oil with coal. The route of methanol to formaldehyde and then to ethylene glycol, in view of the mature technology of methanol from syngas and methanol to formaldehyde, this technology has great development prospects. About 95% of the consumption of ethylene glycol in China is used to produce polyester and 5% is used to produce antifreeze. In recent years, due to the strong demand in the polyester industry, the demand for ethylene glycol in the domestic market has maintained a rapid growth momentum. It is predicted that China's polyester output will reach17.3 million tons in 2008. According to the polyester unit consumption of 0.34 tons/ton, about 5.88 million tons of ethylene glycol will be needed. 20 10 annual polyester output190,000 tons, which requires about 6.46 million tons of ethylene glycol. Plus 5% antifreeze demand. It is estimated that the total domestic demand for ethylene glycol in 2008 will be about 665,438+700,000 tons, and it will be 6.77 million tons in 20 10.
3. Polyvinyl alcohol
According to different raw materials, the process routes for producing polyvinyl alcohol can be divided into ethylene method and acetylene method. PVA is mainly used to make polyvinyl acetal. PVA is widely used in the production of coatings, adhesives, paper processing AIDS, emulsifiers, dispersants, films and other products because of its unique strong adhesion, film flexibility, smoothness, oil resistance, solvent resistance, protective colloid, gas barrier, wear resistance and water resistance, and its application scope covers textiles, food, medicine, construction and so on.
4. At present, the main production process of methyl methacrylate (MMA) is to convert ACH into methacrylamide sulfate, and then hydrolyze and esterify to produce methacrylate. As of August, 2006, there are five large MMA production enterprises in China with a total production capacity of 298,000 tons/year.
Third, alternative products are: methanol fuel, fuel cells and biodiesel.
1, methanol fuel The development and application of methanol fuel in China has a certain foundation: blending 5%, 15%, 25% and 85% methanol into gasoline and using pure methanol (100%) as automobile fuel. It is predicted that in 20 10, the number of M85 ~ M 100 methanol vehicles in China will reach about 10,000. If each car consumes 20 tons of methanol every year, it will consume 200,000 tons of methanol. In addition, it is estimated that by 20 10, there will be 20 million tons of methanol-blended gasoline in China. If the proportion is calculated by 15%, 3 million tons of methanol will be needed. The above two parts * * * need 3.2 million t of methanol.
2. The fuel cell directly uses methanol as fuel, and the electrochemical reaction between methanol and oxygen spontaneously converts chemical energy into electric energy, which is called direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC). Its main feature is that methanol can be directly applied to anode reaction to generate current without pretreatment, and at the same time generate water and carbon dioxide, which has no pollution to the environment and is a clean power supply.
3. Biodiesel
Biodiesel is a clean and renewable energy. It is a liquid fuel made of oil crops such as soybean and rapeseed, oil palm, Pistacia chinensis, oil aquatic plants such as engineering microalgae, animal fat, waste catering oil and so on. It is a good substitute for petroleum diesel. By the end of 2007, there were more than 2,000 biodiesel production plants in China, and the establishment and approval of similar projects in various places continued. It is estimated that by 20 10, the demand for biodiesel in China will reach 20 million tons/year, and the production capacity will be 200,000 tons/year according to the national long-term renewable energy planning. The contrast between demand and output will lead to the situation that the product is in short supply.
The methanol market in North China is weak, and the mainstream price is 2000-2400 yuan/ton, of which the ex-factory price of methanol in Hebei is 2400 yuan/ton; The mainstream price of methanol in Shanxi is 2200-2300 yuan/ton; The ex-factory price of methanol enterprises in Inner Mongolia is 2050-2250 yuan/ton. Methanol: Shandong market fell on 30th.
Downstream demand recovered slowly, shipments of methanol enterprises in Shandong slowed down, the mainstream ex-factory price of enterprises dropped by 30 yuan/ton to 2,500-2,550 yuan/ton, and the turnover of individual manufacturers in central and eastern China was as low as 2,480 yuan/ton. The mainstream ex-factory transactions of major enterprises in northwest Shandong are 2500-2550 yuan/ton, and the shipments of enterprises affected by rain and snow are general; The mainstream ex-factory transactions of major methanol enterprises in central and eastern Shandong are around 2530-2550 yuan/ton; The mainstream prices of major enterprises in southern Shandong are concentrated at 2520-2540 yuan/ton. Methanol: Shanxi market temporarily stabilized on the 30th.
The methanol market in Shanxi is temporarily stable. At present, the mainstream transaction price of enterprises is around 2250-2300 yuan/ton, and the transaction volume of individual small orders is slightly lower than 2200 yuan/ton. Downstream demand recovery is slow, and enterprise shipments are average. Methanol: Hebei market was stable on 30th.
Today, the ex-factory price of methanol in Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province and its surrounding areas is temporarily stable at 2450-2500 yuan/ton, and the mainstream is concentrated at 2450 yuan/ton. Due to the decline of methanol in the surrounding areas of Hebei Province, the downstream is mainly on the sidelines, and the procurement is cautious; The mainstream of major enterprises in Tangshan area is stable at 2400 yuan/ton.