Construction program is closely related to the project cost, quality, progress and other factors, but in the actual construction program preparation, most of the technicians tend to rely on their own experience in the preparation, ignoring the different projects in the geology, natural conditions, the surrounding environment, the character of the supply of machinery and equipment and other differences, which affects the construction quality. In this regard, BIM technology should be actively used to optimize the construction program effectively and promote the refinement of the construction project.
1BIM technology features
In the 1970s, BIM technology was born in the United States, which brings together all the information in a construction project in the same model, including construction information, geometric characteristics, functional requirements, etc. The model can also simulate and control the construction progress and building process. By inputting the whole life cycle parameters of design, construction, operation and maintenance of the project into the BIM model to form a complete information carrier, the appearance of the building can be simulated in 3D form, which can help all the parties involved to better understand the design of the project, make clear the intention of the design, and check the existence of contradictions and collisions in the design and other undesirable situations. Compared with the previous conventional construction mode, BIM technology has the following unique advantages, specifically manifested as [1], BIM technology is a three-dimensional digital model.
Through the 3D model for the participants to show the "real building"; repeated simulation before construction, improve the construction process, to make up for the construction of loopholes; BIM technology using factory cost control, can accurately predict the price of any component; in the coordination of work for the visualization of the design. The conventional construction technology is two-dimensional plan design drawings; through the design briefings, with professional knowledge, to understand the relationship between the building plan and section; the use of one-time construction mode; dynamic control, the effect is poor; in terms of work coordination for the sub-specialty, sub-trades.
2BIM technology in construction program optimization application measures
BIM technology in the optimization of engineering construction program is mainly embodied in four levels, respectively, for the construction process, construction site layout, construction equipment and construction technology program. Taking the actual project as an example, the application measures of BIM technology are analyzed and elaborated.2.1 Project Overview. Beijing airport rail line as the new airport and the central city connected to the transportation hub, its positioning for direct, fast, high-quality rail transit line, the line length of 41.36km, elevated intervals of the total length of 16.209km. this section as an elevated **** structure interval, the total length of 6444m, **** structure section using rail transit and highway **** line mode, the total length of 5452m. the section using BIM technology. 5452m. This section adopts BIM technology for design and construction to ensure the smooth and efficient completion of the project.
2.2 Practical application.
(1) Optimization of construction process. In the optimization process of BIM technology, it is necessary to collect project-related data, contracts and other information, to develop a reasonable overall target program, involving quality, progress, safety and other aspects of the target, and to develop the corresponding contractual measures, organizational measures, economic measures. Simulation analysis is carried out using BIM technology according to the project characteristics to verify the reasonableness of the construction program and determine the final construction method. In the actual programming, BIM technology is used to complete the simulation and optimization of construction sites, construction equipment, construction programs and other processes, and finally determine the most economical and reasonable construction program, the specific process shown in Figure 1. Optimization analysis of construction plan based on BIM technology Zhao Yifan (Fujian Erjian Construction Group Co., Ltd., Fuzhou, Fujian 350003) Abstract By comparing BIM technology with conventional construction technology, BIM technology is shown to have unique advantages.
(2) Optimization of construction site arrangement. Reasonable construction site layout can not only ensure the smooth progress of the project, but also improve the project economy. If the site layout is unreasonable, the construction faces many obstacles will extend the duration, resulting in a waste of manpower and material resources, and more importantly, will also reduce labor productivity, induced by unsafe factors. For the elevated *** structure section, the construction process is more complex, should be reasonably arranged construction site, shorten the transportation distance of machinery and equipment to the field, thus reducing transportation costs, improve environmental benefits. the application of BIM technology can effectively overcome the previous two-dimensional space in the information integration difficulties and other issues, the site information into the BIM model for integration, and show to the management personnel, the management personnel on the construction of the overall layout of the site, so that the workspace is not only for the construction of the site, but also for the construction of the site. The overall arrangement of the site can make full use of the working space.
(3) Optimization of construction equipment. In this project, the construction of rear girder of elevated *** structure section belongs to limited space girder erection, which should be carried out in combination with the self weight of prefabricated box girder, length, lifting height of bridge erection machine and other factors, so it should be optimized design of conventional bridge erection machine. When designing the crane crossbeam and traveling wheelbox, rotating seat and translating seat can be disregarded, the end section of the crane crossbeam is tightened upward, the wheelbox hinge seat is set inside the crossbeam and the pin is used as an intermediary to connect the crane crossbeam and the traveling wheelbox, and the distance between the bottom of the wheelbox and the top of the crane crossbeam is lowered as much as possible, so as to reduce the height of the bridge erecting machine. After the optimization is completed, based on the construction site conditions and the design drawings, the construction plan of the bridge crane girder over the hole is prepared. Combined with BIM technology, the construction simulation of the bridge-carrying machine is carried out, and through verification and analysis, the equipment fully meets the construction requirements and ensures the construction safety.
(4) Optimization design of construction technology scheme. In this project, in order to prevent the upper beam from being adversely affected by weather factors during winter construction, the upper part of the bridge can be constructed first, and then the girder can be constructed. With the help of BIM technology, the rationality of the lifting box girder program in the limited space is demonstrated in the form of animation, which in turn improves the technical support. Combined with the current stage of structural characteristics, construction space, design and other factors, the use of BIM technology to simulate the construction, and optimize the design of the construction technology program, in advance of the various types of construction processes such as contradiction and collision problems to be resolved, to ensure the smooth completion of the overall project.
The construction technology program of this project includes construction methods, organizational processes, construction equipment and other aspects. In the *** structure includes the upper cover beam, pile foundation, center crossbeam, lower pier column, pier bearing platform, etc., in which prefabricated box girder should be set on the center crossbeam to connect the highway box girder with the upper cover beam. In the conventional construction program, precast box girders are set after cast-in-place of the middle cross girder, and then the upper cover girder is constructed to erect the highway box girder. Due to the tight schedule of the project, it is difficult to complete the project with quality and quantity within the stipulated period if the conventional design scheme is adopted for the whole route. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the design of the construction scheme. After the construction of the upper cover girder and the middle cross girder are completed, the track prefabricated box girder is set in the lower limited space, and the results of the BIM program are verified, and the girder construction abutment is more stable, which shortens the duration of the project, and the economic benefits of the project are significantly improved.
At the same time, the application of BIM technology can also simulate the construction process, from the prefabricated box girder out to the lifting construction is completed, the existence of collision, contradiction check, analysis and prediction of possible problems in the construction, and put forward a solution to improve the overall construction program of science and efficiency. Pipeline collision detection is shown in Figure 2. In terms of the comprehensive benefits of the optimization of engineering solutions, the inputs and benefits of BIM are not completely quantified, and when calculating the benefits of BIM, the direct benefits of BIM can be measured using the investment profitability index. In order to improve the accuracy of the data, the introduction of ROI as the ratio of pre-tax profit to total investment, due to the short cycle of the project, without considering the time value of money, according to the actual needs of the project after the optimization, the benefits can be expressed by the formula: ROI = T - CC where ROI is the ratio of pre-tax profit to total investment; C is the input cost of BIM technology; T is the benefit of BIM technology.
3Conclusion
In summary, in order to complete the project with quality and quantity within the specified time period, BIM technology should be actively introduced to simulate the appearance of the building through the 3D form, to check the contradictions and collisions and other undesirable situations in the design and correct them in time, so as to maximize the economic benefits of the project and promote the healthy and efficient development of the construction project.
This article introduces the content of "BIM technology construction program optimization research". Welcome to Zhongda Consulting for more information.
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