Raising Brazilian turtles need to prepare which drugs to ensure safety

1, white eye disease ①, symptoms and causes: the eyes can not open, cornea and around the cornea of the cornea erosion, there is a layer of white film. Water pollution caused. Often used to rub the eyes of the forelimbs, can not ingest, serious blindness, breathing difficulties, body thin and die. ②, medical treatment: take the turtle out of the water, place it in a dark place, so that the membranous out of its eyes, you can feed it some animal liver. Use chloramphenicol or other anti-inflammatory eye drops to dot the eyes, one to two times a day, or use penicillin agent to feed one to two times with 45,000 units per one kilogram of turtle's body weight; or dip the tip of a cotton swab or a new brush into 1% furacilin or 1% raffinur aqueous solution, coat the eyes twice a day, and put it into the water. Basically six days can be cured. 2, rotting skin disease ①, symptoms and causes: the affected part of the ulceration, skin white. The water is contaminated by Bacillus moniliformis. ②, medical: clean up the wound, and then on the gentamycin eye ointment 3, calcium deficiency ①, symptoms and causes: shell soft, deformation. ②, medical: sunshine. Eat fish and shrimp. 4. Pneumonia ①, symptoms and causes: mucus in the corners of the mouth and nose, turtle drowsiness, head held high, front and back legs weak, nose and mouth will wheeze. And temperature changes related ②, medical treatment: isolation, raise the temperature in the rearing box to about 30 degrees. Mix gentamicin into water at 1:20 ratio. The most important thing is to feed the medicine, crush the amoxicillin with twenty-one gold Vitamins it (a little), use the raw egg (a little) and mix it well, while the turtle stretches out its head, gently clamp the two sides of the head with the thumb and forefinger, use the end of the larger needle to cock the mouth open, and use a syringe to drop the mixture of the medicine and the egg in. One or two drops each time, about ten drops each time, twice a day. 5, rotten nail disease ①, symptoms and causes: the surface of the carapace ulcerated, serious cases form cavities or see muscle, hunger or less food ②, medical treatment: sick turtles from the monotonous, and then the sick turtles of the rotten place removed, scrub the affected area with hydrogen peroxide, and then use permanganate methyl crystalline powder directly coated, or other anti-inflammatory drugs coated with the affected area. You can also use panax pseudoginseng powder or fresh panax pseudoginseng to apply to the affected area. 6, gastroenteritis ①, Symptoms: the sick turtle eyes dull, no light, body thin, do not like crawling, like to drink, diarrhea, feces in the form of snot ②, prevention and treatment methods: to improve the water quality, to keep the water fresh, feeding fresh feed, eating utensils strictly disinfected. Sick turtles with 300,000 units of erythromycin solution soaked for 60 minutes, in the feed mixed into the appropriate amount of hygromycin feeding sick turtles. Mildly sick turtles can take dysentery, flavin, chloramphenicol and so on. For the serious ones, take intramuscular injection treatment, and supplement vitamins at the same time. 7, septicemia ①, symptoms and causes: weakness, weakness, limbs or abdominal nails with red spots ②, medical treatment: before treatment to the veterinarian's blood test, followed by an injection of antibiotics 8, colds ①, symptoms and causes: a runny nose, the water temperature is not fixed, catching a cold. ②, medical: add warmth, feed some amoxicillin 9, lung choking ①, symptoms and causes: neck hypertrophy, limb weakness, no ability to stretch; skin is yellowish, like a blister. If choking for a long time, after fishing on the visible open mouth action. ②, medical treatment: immediately squeeze the limbs into the shell in order to squeeze out the water in the body, and then pull the head and limbs for stretching pressure action to borrow artificial respiration, and then put the turtle in a quiet warm place. Reduce the amount of water. Don't put the turtle in the tank when you change the water, and suddenly choke on the water. Before keeping: Many people have the experience of keeping turtles, but more than half of them either die or give them away or release them, which is not good for the environment and the turtles, so I hope you will think twice before you buy a turtle to keep at home. I hope you can think twice before you buy a tortoise. The following are some key points that you should consider when you buy a tortoise, so as not to jeopardize the tortoise and the businessman's pocket. 1.Measure your own financial ability ( turtle + equipment + feed + medicine ). 2. Ask yourself how much you know about the turtle you want to keep (habits, whether it is a conservation animal). 3. Is there enough space (you need to calculate the size of the turtle when it grows up to its maximum size). 4. Whether you have the heart, patience and care to raise them. 5. It is better to find an expert (at least) as a consultant. How to buy: If you decide to buy one or more Brazilian tortoises, the following characteristics should help you to buy a red tortoise or other species of colored tortoises: 1. Observe the tortoise you want to buy carefully! Does it show any natural movement of avoidance (as long as there is room for avoidance in the pot)? Does it try to dive and escape when approached? Turtles that have difficulty swimming or diving, have clogged nostrils, or have swollen, dilated eyes are at the end of their lives and should not be purchased. Most healthy turtles have uninjured shells, which means that the shells are uniformly shaped and normal, with no missing links. If the shell feels "soft" to the touch, the turtle is suffering from achondroplasia. Although this defect can be saved to a limited extent, the tortoise will carry a disproportionate carapace for the rest of its life. Thirdly, ask the seller to feed the turtles, and watch which one or how many turtles are the first to eat, this will also determine their health. You should be careful with tortoises that refuse to eat the feed, because they are either sick or have not yet adapted to the new feed. Fourth, if you still like the tortoise you are looking at, you should also consider that these cute little guys will not stay little forever, and they will need more space in the future. In good conditions they will grow very quickly, and under your care the carapace will grow to a length of twenty-five or thirty centimeters! A growing pair of red tortoises will need about 100 liters of water to swim in, and they don't look so green and cute when they grow up. However, for those who love tortoises, they will always be cute. A deficiency of calcium and vitamins can cause "rickets", which is a condition in which you can press your finger on the back of the turtle's armor, causing a small indentation. This is called "rickets". Maintaining water quality: Although Brazilian turtles are the easiest and least fussy aquarium animals to keep, there is one drawback: they excrete too quickly, and because of the high temperatures, the leftover feed tends to rot, so the water always stinks. Only two days after the water change, it turns into a pool of muddy soup again, and even the Brazilian turtles are almost invisible. This is because of the monocotyledonous algal bloom, the water is full of nutrients, and the temperature is suitable for the green algae to reproduce very quickly. Several experiments have been conducted to try to keep the water clear with chemicals, but the results have not been satisfactory. The use of CHlNOSOL (one gram to thirty liters of water) kept the water clear and odorless for a week, but the debris and rotting feces stirred up by the turtles made the water even dirtier. There is no conclusive evidence of harmful coliform bacteria in this type of water, and there is no certainty that this type of chemical water will harm the internal organs of animals, so it is best not to use chemicals. The easiest way is to change the water completely. Drain, pump, and dump the old dirty water four hours after feeding. Then scrub the walls and bottom of the container with a medium-hard brush and water. To clean the container, place the turtle in a plastic tub or on land at the edge of the pool - where it can't run away, of course. Fill it with fresh water at the right temperature and then return the turtle to the water. Some species of bog or water turtles do not adapt well to a complete water change, but the Brazilian turtle will soon become accustomed to this practice and the disturbance it causes. There is still one disadvantage to doing a complete water change: it may cause the turtle to excrete feces faster and dirty the water, so it is a good idea to check the tank shortly after the water change to remove the feces. The need for light: Many turtles need to bask in the sun, like the Brazilian turtles released in some pools are often seen stretching out their heads and feet and limbs under the scorching sun, closing their eyes in a leisurely manner. Sunbathing kills bacteria on the shell, prevents the shell from becoming soft and brittle, and provides warmth. These functions require ultraviolet light, which is important to turtles. Therefore, when you want your turtle to enjoy the warm sunshine, don't just let it stay in the water and try not to let it bask in the sun through the glass, because the UV green can be easily blocked. If you are afraid of letting it dry too long and forget to take it back, you can set up a half-water place so that it can be fully exposed to the sunlight as well as soaking in the water. It is best to let them bask for one to two hours a day, and regularly brush their backs with a soft toothbrush to remove parasites. Hatching: Hatchlings can be kept without difficulty in a flat-bottomed container, such as a plastic tub, tank or box, or an aquarium, and the water should not be too deep. A commercially available flat, shallow plastic tank with an island and a plastic coconut tree in the center is least suitable because (1) it is too small. (2) It's impossible to add an electric heater. (3) Misleading users to use the island as a feeding place. Since the tortoises feed exclusively in the water, the result may be that the island is full of feed while the tortoises are starving. There are some specific minimum requirements for an ideal breeding site. Each hatchling should have five liters of water to move around in, and the water should be no deeper than the length of the turtle, so that the turtle's feet can support the ground when it comes to the surface to breathe. It is also important to make an island for them out of bricks and stones, floating islands are not suitable, as the hatchlings often fail to climb up them and the effort is wasted. On the other hand, care must be taken that the island and decorations do not become dangerous obstacles that could snag the hatchlings and cause them to drown. The water temperature that the hatchlings can adapt to is about 25 degrees Celsius; when it is cold, the air above the container should also be warmed up, and a cover light on the tank will do the trick. If the water temperature is still too low, add electric heaters to the water - adjustable if possible. If you buy a higher-energy (100 to 150 watt) heater now, it will be enough for a larger tank when the turtles are bigger. Heaters sold at aquarium stores should be placed under the surface of the water, and care should be taken to ensure that the heater and power cord do not snag the turtle. It is especially important that the tortoises be exposed to direct sunlight. The tank can be placed on a balcony or window sill, and if this is not possible, the hatchlings should be exposed to ultraviolet light once or twice a week for about three to five minutes each time. The UV light should not be too close to the tortoises, so as not to harm them with too much light. Sunlight is best, but care should be taken to ensure that the glass of the container used does not filter out the necessary UV light. The hatchlings can be kept on a balcony throughout the summer. To prevent birds from picking them up, you can cover the box with a net. It is absolutely necessary to prevent the tortoises from climbing out of the tank, or else you may find the wiring of the "mummy" heater under the bed or in a corner, or even a bridge for the tortoises to "escape", as the tortoises are very skillful at "crawling". If algae (moss) grows on the tank, this is fine, but the water in the tank should not stink. The most important thing is to change the water regularly, otherwise, due to the high temperature and the feces and leftover feed in the water, the hatchlings will be living in a puddle of stinky water, which will promote the growth of germs, so the water should be changed at least once a week. That's it