Name of Spacecraft: Shenzhou VI
Launch: 09:00:00 Beijing time1October 10, 2005.
Departure: 09:00:03.583, Beijing time, June 2005 10.
Landing: 04:33 Beijing time, June 2005 10.
Flight time: 1 15 hours and 32 minutes.
Track: 76 laps
Height: 343 km
65438+ 10 month 1 1
22: 15—22: 17 astronauts enter the spaceship.
At 22: 53, the door of Shenzhou VI return cabin was closed.
65438+ 10 month 12
At 00: 27, the operating support of the rocket launch tower was fully opened.
0 1:00:00 Long March II F rocket ignition
Shenzhou VI launch
0 1:02:03 (after ignition 120 seconds) The rocket abandoned the escape tower.
0 1:02: 19 (after ignition 136 seconds) rocket booster separation
0 1:02:42 (after ignition 159 seconds), the first stage and the second stage of the rocket separate, and the first stage rocket falls.
0 1:03:23 (200th second after ignition) The fairing is separated at the height of 1 10 km.
0 1:09:43 (583rd second after ignition) The spacecraft and the rocket were successfully separated at an altitude of about 200km.
0 1:09:52 Shenzhou VI entered the scheduled orbit.
At 07: 56, the Shenzhou VI spacecraft changed its orbit.
65438+ 10 month 13
02: 10 astronauts conducted on-orbit anti-jamming test.
18:2 1 Roy 1, Roy No.2 and Roy No.3 have deteriorated.
2 1:56 The first orbit maintenance after the orbit change of Shenzhou VI.
65438+ 10 month 15
The astronauts talked with the people of China and President Hu Jintao.
65438+1October 16
18:40 Shenzhou VI entered the 76th flight around the earth, over the monitoring and control area of Qingdao Station.
18:44 Shenzhou VI returns the command to unlock.
19: 10 Beijing Aerospace Flight Control Center signed a dispatch to announce that the return tracking has entered 30 minutes of preparation.
Shenzhou VI is flying over the South Pacific.
The solar panels in the propulsion module are vertically zeroed.
19:42 Wang Yuan No.3 survey ship captured the signal of Shenzhou VI.
19: 43 ——19: 48 Wangyuan No.3 adjusted its attitude and separated the orbital module from the return flight.
With a series of key controls such as braking and ignition, Shenzhou VI successfully entered the scheduled return orbit.
19:43 Wang Yuan No.3 issued an instruction to Shenzhou VI, and Shenzhou VI's first posture adjustment began.
The orbital module and the return module were successfully separated.
19:45, the engine of the propulsion cabin is ignited and the voyage begins.
19:48:29 The propulsion module orbit control engine is turned off and flies out of the measurement and control section of Wangyuan No.3 survey ship.
19:52 The return capsule flew over the African continent and headed for China.
At 20: 02, the return capsule flew over South Asia, and the astronauts reported that the spacecraft was working normally and felt good.
At 20: 07, the propulsion module and the return module were successfully separated.
At 20: 00 13, the return capsule entered the communication interruption area.
At 20: 00 16, the spacecraft was discovered by the landing site measurement and control equipment.
At 20: 19, the main umbrella cover of the return cabin was opened.
At 20: 20, take off the deceleration umbrella and open the main umbrella, so that the helicopter can see the target visually.
At 20: 23, the anti-heat outsole of the return capsule was successfully thrown away.
At 20: 33, the return capsule landed successfully.
2 1:04 return cabin door opened.
Two astronauts, Fei and Nie Haisheng, left the capsule.
launch
Shenzhou VI was launched from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center at 9 am on June, 2005 10(UTC+8).
After the launch, two Chinese astronauts, Fei Longjun and Nie Haisheng, were sent into space, with an estimated flight time of five days. On-orbit first
It runs five times in an elliptical orbit with an inclination of 42.4 degrees, a perigee height of 200 kilometers and an apogee height of 347 kilometers.
After the orbit change, it takes 90 minutes to enter a 343-kilometer circular orbit to fly around the earth, and the flight trajectory is projected to the ground.
On the surface, it is a sine curve moving eastward. Orbit features are the same as those of Shenzhou 5.
On-orbit
At 65438+1October 12 17: 29, the astronaut fee opened the hatch between the Shenzhou VI return capsule and the orbital module and entered the scheduled orbit.
Conduct space science experiments in the cabin.
10 6 13 at 4 o'clock, the astronauts conducted an on-orbit interference test and consciously expanded the range of activities in the cabin to try.
Influence of human interference on spacecraft attitude. After opening and closing the hatch, put on and take off the pressure suit, pass through the cabin and extract the condensed water.
After four "on-orbit interference force" tests, the astronauts' activities have little effect on the attitude of the spacecraft, and the spacecraft can remain positive.
Flying all the time, there is no need to correct the attitude of the spacecraft.
10 6 14 in the early morning, Shenzhou VI maintained its orbit for the first time after the 30th orbit change, that is, accurately measured its orbit parameters.
Make minor adjustments to return the spacecraft to the predetermined normal orbit. During maintenance, Shenzhou VI engine will ignite for 6.5 seconds, which will
The spaceship rose by 800 meters.
16: 29, Hu Jintao talked with astronaut Fei and Nie Haisheng. 18: 05, the astronauts went to Beijing.
The space flight control center transmits the digital images of the spacecraft's solar panels they shot.
land
After completing the scheduled mission, the spacecraft returned to the main landing site of Siziwangqi in Inner Mongolia by lift. old name for China
There are four stages for manned spacecraft VI to return to the ground: braking flight stage, free sliding stage and re-entry stage.
Layer stage, landing stage. In this flight around the earth, after the separation of the Shenzhou VI orbital module and the return module, it also
It will continue to fly in orbit for six months and conduct a series of scientific experiments.
Because Shenzhou 5, the first manned spacecraft, only flies in space for one day, the weather changes at the main landing site can be timely.
The prediction is accurate, so the secondary landing site has not been activated; Shenzhou VI spacecraft will fly in space for many days, and the weather is difficult to be accurate.
It is predicted that the auxiliary landing site of Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center will be used as a backup landing site. Spaceships are always welcome.
You can go back and set the 13 landing point on the ground. Except for the director and deputy director of Siziwangqi and Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in Inner Mongolia.
There are 1 1 emergency landing sites at home and abroad. Landing field system includes main landing field subsystem and auxiliary landing field subsystem.
There are five subsystems: emergency search and rescue subsystem, maritime emergency search and rescue subsystem, communication subsystem and astronaut medical supervision and medical insurance subsystem.
A subsystem.
The equipment involved in astronaut search and rescue includes: search and rescue helicopter, search and video helicopter,
Command and dispatch vehicle, astronaut medical supervision and medical insurance vehicle, engineering transport vehicle, astronaut transport vehicle, return cabin crane and small search vehicle.
Cable car
Four giant parachutes were designed to ensure that Shenzhou VI and two astronauts returned home safely. During the landing of the return capsule,
At least three umbrellas should be opened successively, namely, guide umbrella, deceleration umbrella and main umbrella, and the fourth backup umbrella should be opened if necessary.
. Whether the parachute of the spacecraft return cabin can be opened smoothly is directly related to the success or failure of recovery. The main umbrella can't be completed at once.
Open it, or it will be blown by high-speed airflow and the return cabin will be smashed. After the spaceship landed, everything was not so good.
If the huge parachute is blown by the wind, it may drag the return capsule to roll quickly. For safety reasons, the return cabin braked.
In that room, the cutter on the cabin will automatically cut off the sling of the umbrella rope and let the parachute fall alone to ensure that the return cabin will not be dragged by the umbrella.
Let's go
In addition, according to the opinion put forward by Shenzhou 5 astronaut Yang Liwei, in order to make the impact on astronauts when Shenzhou VI landed,
At the very least, the astronaut seats in the cabin are equipped with "special-shaped shock absorbers" for the first time-according to the astronaut's body shape.
The energy-absorbing seat cushion made of the same characteristic mass can quickly disperse the stress of human body at the moment of impact and avoid human body injury.
.
10 At 3: 44 a.m. on June 6, the orbital module of the spacecraft was successfully separated from the return module and flew at 3: 45 a.m..
The ship's engine was successfully ignited and began to return. At 4: 07, the spacecraft propulsion module and the return module were successfully separated, and the return module
Return to earth on its own.
During the landing, there will always be a light spot in the night sky at the main landing site of Siziwangqi, just like a meteor crossing the night sky. return
When the engine room passes through the atmosphere at 4: 0013, it generates high temperature, forming a communication black zone, which temporarily interrupts the contact with the control center.
, up to 3 minutes. At 4: 20, the return capsule opened the main parachute and landed slowly at the main landing site of Siziwangqi.
At 4: 33, the return capsule landed successfully, and two astronauts Fei Longjun and Nie Haisheng reported their safety to the control center.
The staff applauded to celebrate. About half an hour later, the search and rescue helicopter first found the return cabin, and the actual landing site was earlier.
The meter difference is only 1 km. After the crew opened the cabin door, the medical staff examined the bodies of two astronauts and suggested
Two people can leave the cabin by themselves.
Unlike Shenzhou 5 astronaut Yang Liwei, Fei Longjun climbed out of the return capsule wearing a spacesuit for the first time and worked on the spot.
Wave to the staff. Nie Haisheng also climbed out of the hatch and walked down the iron ladder. Two people are sitting in a chair, receiving flowers from the staff.
Thank you for your concern and love. Fei Longjun said that the space trip was very smooth. They are in the space capsule.
Both work and life are good, and now I am in good health. Two astronauts stayed in space for 1 15.5 hours. This is Shenzhou 5.
Spacecraft V flew more than five times, setting a record for the longest stay in space for China people, successfully ending the first time in China.
Space travel expenses with the characteristics of "many people and many days" Long Jun and Nie Haisheng returned to the ground and were picked up by helicopters. Subsequently,
The plane was sent back to Beijing for temporary isolation 14 days.
Technical improvement
The spacecraft added more than 40 pieces of equipment and 6 pieces of software, bringing the number of equipment and 82 pieces of software to more than 600 pieces.
More than 654.38 million pieces were produced, and the technical improvement of 1 10 was carried out in four aspects.
Around the improvement of the multi-day task of two people: the food cabinet is really used, through the water tank and separate soft packaging.
Prepare water for astronauts. Expand the condensate tank, stick all exposed pipes with absorbent material, and ensure that the spacecraft
The humidity is controlled below 80%.
Improvement of orbital module function: placing food heating device and tableware. There is a sleeping bag hanging in the orbital module.
For two astronauts to take turns to rest. There is also a special cleaning cabinet in the orbital module that astronauts can use.
Clean the surface of articles such as warm towels. This is the first time to use the urine collector.
Improvements to improve the safety of astronauts: the seat buffer of astronauts was redesigned to make the seat lift before returning.
After ascending, astronauts can see the situation outside the porthole. The hatch between the return module and the orbital module was successfully developed and quickly sealed.
Automatic detection device. A special rag is developed, which does not produce fiber, static electricity and odor, and is specially used for cleaning.
Clean the hatch.
Continuous improvement: the storage capacity of the "black box" is 100 times larger than the original, and the data reading and writing speed is improved.
It is also increased by 10 times, but the volume is less than half of the original.
pick up
The items carried on the Shenzhou VI spacecraft are mainly souvenirs of manned spaceflight projects, such as philatelic products, calligraphy and painting, flags and
Other souvenirs, as well as microbial strains and crop seeds used in scientific experiments.
Experimental use
Some eggs, silkworm eggs and Yunnan Pu 'er tea will be launched with Shenzhou VI to study the possibility of genetic variation.
Twenty-four cell culture boxes containing beating cardiac myocytes and osteoblasts were placed on the spacecraft close to the wall, and astronauts
At the same time, the ground staff conducted a series of scientific comparative experiments on two identical living cells to study the space ring.
Real-time flight in space verified the cellular and molecular mechanism of environmental impact on the heart and bones.
The protective effect of drugs is screened out on the ground. Astronauts operated 24 sample boxes in three periods. In action, astronauts will
The cell culture belt was placed on the leg, and two kinds of capsules containing activator and fixative were crushed according to different time periods.
Activate or fix living cells, and investigate the state of cell samples under different gravity conditions before and after the spacecraft enters orbit.
Change.
Commemorative purpose
There is 1 0g clay, which is composed of 9g mainland soil and10g Taiwan Province soil, which means perfection, and is beneficial to the motherland and.
Peaceful reunification.