The former Zhongni, the teacher Xiang Gou;
Ancient sages, but also good learning.
Sima Qian's "Records of the Grand Historian" has a cloud: "Confucius lived in Chen for three years, will be Jin and Chu to fight for strength, and more to conquer Chen." In 489 B.C., Chu, Wu and the two countries Chen troops Chen, the two armies face each other, crossbows drawn, there is a touch of momentum, negative letter (modern Xinyang, Henan Province) to become the front line. In the negative letter of Confucius teacher and disciple had to say goodbye to their courtesy, diligently asked the government of Chu Ye Gong, accept Chu Zhao Wang's employment, ready to go to the capital of Chu Ying.
October of the Golden Autumn, the fragrance of laurel, wheat waves rolling, rice golden. Confucius took Zi Lu, Zi Gong, Yan Hui and other high officials along the Dabie Mountains through the state of Zhu Bu to prepare for the journey to Ying. They rode in a carriage, Mercedes on the ancient trestle road. Along the way, the scenery, a full view: farmers in the field hoeing labor, shepherd children in the mountain cattle and sheep. A river bends and twists, clear to the bottom; a line of trees green shade, a piece of bamboo swaying with the wind; a village is closely connected, the road traffic, the sound of dogs and chickens, or hear the melodious flute echo in the air. When it gets dark, they stay in the nearby villages, either looking for villagers to learn about the history and customs of the time, collecting folk songs and ballads, or organizing forums to discuss and preach the profound "benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, wisdom and trust". Sometimes they stop at a village for two or three days to collect information.
One day, accompanied by the sound of hooves, dust and smoke, they came to the old street in the territory of the south side of Xinzhou Taoist temple. I saw Daqi Mountain like a beautiful woman lying in the blue sky under the white clouds, high winds and lush forests; Sand River ripples clear water gurgling; Lion Rock, such as the lion crouching, swallowing the sun and the moon. Here, the mountain color misty, lake full of color, birds and flowers, a good piece of paradise on earth. Out of the street south not far, the driver suddenly strangled the reins, the horse long whistle, the car stopped.
Confucius asked, "Why did you stop?"
The driver replied, "There is a group of children in front of you blocking the road, husband."
"Let them get out of the way."
"Children, when you see the carriage coming, why don't you let them out of the way?" Zigong jumped out of the car and said in a nonchalant manner.
"Why should we make way, can't you take another road? " replied a child who seemed to be the leader.
Zi Gong growled angrily, "Do you know whose car this is? For your information, this is the car of Confucius!"
Hearing Zigong's argument with the child, Confucius had no choice but to get out of the car and see for himself. Seeing the elegantly dressed and elegantly behaved elder, the children continued to build their "city" with stones without any fear or concern.
Confucius stroked the head of a handsome boy and said, "Please move the stones out of the way and let us pass, my son."
The child looked up at Confucius and said, "We are in the middle of building a city, so I'm sorry."
"Well then, I'll ask a question, and if you can't answer it, you'll make way for us." Confucius pondered the need to convince people with "manners" and to treat children equally.
"You go ahead," the child thought, "I'm a senior member of Laozi, the Eastern Zhou's chief historian, so how can you beat me?
"Listen carefully," Confucius asked, "Are parents and husband and wife familiar?"
"Husband and wife are close." The child replied.
"No, parents are close. How can there be offspring without parents!"
"Husband and wife pro, without husband and wife, how can there be parents!"
They each argued a point, and no one could convince anyone. "Parents" and "husband and wife" were repeated twice.
The son said, "Parents are food and clothing. Parents have been raising their children since they were young, and they are not worried about food, clothing, housing, transportation, eating, drinking, pulling out, educating adults, teaching, and so on! The parents are of course pro.
It is also the color: husband and wife, love, men plowing and weaving, sleep with the **** pillow, mutual help, love long, old age, never leave. One day husband and wife also day grace it! Of course husband and wife pro.
.......
Confucius thought, I Kong Qiu famous all over the world, called Sheng Huaxia, today still can not convince a child, "is tolerable, ripe not tolerate!" On second thought, "the gentleman has nothing to contend with", I am as magnanimous as the sea, tolerant, not with the child's general understanding. Then take off the big scholar's stature, take a bow and salute: "Prodigy in the upper, I have the honor. We have important matters at hand, I hope you will be magnanimous and give us a loan."
The child said with a straight face, "May I ask, sir, since ancient times, should the city give way to the car, or the car give way to the city?"
Zi Lu said, "What kind of city are you, just a child's game!"
"It is the city!"
The reins held for a while. The child, knowing he was in the wrong, asked, "What is your business?"
"Traveling around the world, preaching and teaching." Confucius said.
"To preach and teach you must have a set of skills and talents, so what do you know?"
Confucius replied, "Not that I am boasting, from astronomy to geography, I know a little about everything."
The child said, "You know everything about astronomy and geography. Then I ask you, how many eyebrows do you have?"
Confucius said, "How can you know how many eyebrows there are when they are invisible to me?"
The child had a bright idea and then asked, "Smack see not wind, the stars in the sky can be seen, how many do you say there are?"
"The stars in the sky are as vast and numerous as the hair of the ox, how can we count them?" Confucius said with difficulty.
The child laughed: "Ah, you are too many again, there is only one sun, in the morning it is like a disk of ice, in the middle of the day it is like a jade ring, when is it near to us? When is it far from us?"
Confucius thought for half a day, murmured, "This, this ...... really do not know. You are a prodigy, but Chu is talented! I hope for more instruction."
The child said, "I do not dare to teach, I am busy now, we will meet again."
At this point, the disciples yelled, "Master, let's go!" Confucius could only bow his head toward the children, "See you later!" In his heart, he thought, this knowledge has not really been properly studied! Then he ordered the driver to turn the car around and go around the road.
Unexpectedly, after traveling about one kilometer, the wheel of the cart broke because of the sharp turn just now. Confucius had no choice but to ask Zi Lu to borrow an axe from the village ahead to repair it.
Zi Lu hurried to the village ahead and saw a middle-aged woman weaving cloth in her house. Zi Lu said respectfully, "Auntie, please borrow something from you." Before Zi Lu could finish his sentence, the woman turned around and took out a shiny axe from the inner room, "Here you go!" Zi Lu was shocked, how did she know it was an axe to borrow! The woman smiled and said, "Don't you want to borrow a 'thing'? East' is the wood of the east, 'West' is the gold of the west, the handle of the axe is made of wood, and the axe is made of iron, and 'gold' is iron. You are borrowing the axe, aren't you!" Zi Lu took the axe and ran back to the parking place and told Confucius what had just happened.
Confucius listened and lamented. Just now he met a clever child, and now he met a village woman, who was not only helpful, but also very clever. He said, "Chu is a place of hidden dragons and crouching tigers!
The child who was so difficult for Sage Kong was Xiang Gu. The "Qin Policy" says: "Gan Luo said: Xiang Zu was seven years old when he became the teacher of Confucius." Popular literature works, "Confucius Xiang Gui ask each other words" spread throughout the land of God, also in the very early days to Japan, Korea, Vietnam, Russia and other countries. The Three Character Classic also contains: "In the past, Zhongni was a teacher of Xiangguo; ancient sages were still good at learning."
Since, Confucius and Xiang Gou asked the Department of the ancient beauty. Because of the Hubei Edong dialect, someone likes to argue for the grinding of the mouth Therefore, the Kong Xiang asked the place named grinding mouth Pan will be Confucius detour to repair the car place called back to the car port, in order to record its events.
2. Confucius made Zilu ask for Jin Jin
The remains of Jin Jin are still there today,
Engraved monument standing in Guchen.
After about an hour, the carriage was repaired. With a sigh of relief, Confucius and his disciples continued their journey to the southeast of the old street. After about 3 kilometers, a river in the valley in front of them blocked the way. The river was so deep and broad that it was hard to know where the mouth of the river was. When Confucius and his men were hesitating on the bank, they saw two tall and handsome men plowing a field side by side in the upper reaches of the river, so they told Zi Lu to ask him where the crossing was.
Zi Lu came to the two men, bowed his hands respectfully, and asked, "Sir, may I ask where the crossing of this river is?"
A farmer replied, asking in return, "Who is the bridle-bearer sitting on the cart?"
"It is Kong Qiu."
"Is it Kong Qiu of Lu?"
"Yes."
"Then he should know where the ferry is."
The other farmer asked again, "And who are you?"
"I am Zilu."
"A disciple of Confucius?"
"Yes."
The farmer said, "Look, everywhere under the sky is the same turmoil, who can change it? Instead of following such people who avoid people around, you should follow people like us who avoid the world and still be more at ease."
Not only did Zi Lu fail to ask Zinkou, but he was also taunted and lectured, and returned to Confucius in frustration. When Confucius heard about this, he sighed in frustration. He said: "People should have social responsibility, how can you live in the mountains, ignore the people of the world, and spend all day with birds and animals? If the world were at peace, then there would be no need for me, Kong Qiu, to run around."
The two farmers were the famous hermits of their time, Changchun and Jieyou. People have their own aspirations, Confucianism has always advocated to enter the world, to help the world, "to correct the heart, to cultivate the body, to unify the family, to rule the country, and to pacify the world." The hermits, on the other hand, believe that the world is in chaos and is beyond redemption, so they can only protect themselves. Because Confucius once made Zi Lu ask for advice from Changchun and Jie Drowning at this place, people called the river that blocked Confucius' way the Kongzi River. On both sides of the river, the trapezoidal fields cultivated by Changchun and Jie Drowning were called Changchun Chong on one side and Jie Drowning Fan on the other.
The Analects of Confucius and the Historical Records of China have records of Zilu's inquiry.
The Analects? Weizi" contains: "Changchu and Jie Drowning coupled and plowed, Confucius passed by and made Zi Lu ask for the jin."
The Records of the Grand Historian (史记)："Chang frustrated, Jie drowning coupled and plowed, Confucius thought he was a hermit, and made Zi Lu ask for the money." And had a conversation: "Jie Drowning said: 'The long is all the world is also, and who with the easy? And rather than from a man who is open to people, why not from a man who is open to the world?' ? and did not stop. Zi Lu told Confucius, Confucius said with disappointment: 'Birds and beasts are not to be grouped together. There is a way in the world, and Qiu is not with the easy.'"
According to Qian Mu, "New Explanations of the Analects of Confucius" note: "long frustration, Jie Drowning two hermits, the name is not passed on. Frustrated, frustrated marshy. Drowning, Nao Drowning. To its waterfront, so take the name. Jie, Jianyi, also tall. A person is long and long, a person is tall and healthy."
Whether Confucius made Zilu ask for advice on long frustration and Jie drowning in Xinzhou is a matter of opinion. Henan Xin Cai more than 20 miles south of the city of Guanjin, is also said to be the year Zilu ask Jin place; Luoshan County has Zilu village, Tuo County, Ye County, also said that there is a legend of Zilu ask Jin place, Shandong Yutai also said. Zi Lu in the end where to ask the Jin, no historical records. The Records of the Grand Historian recorded that Confucius returned to Cai from the leaf, see frustration, drowning coupled plowing so that Zi Lu asked for Tianjin, which is in the leaf in the Cai, or in Xinzhou, also did not explain in detail. Sage Mound Tomb Records", "Huangcheng Mountain, that is, the frustration of the plow, under the east stream, Zi Lu also asked the jinx." Ming Wanli "Huangzhou Fu Zhi" cloud: "According to the history of Confucius from Cai such as Ye, note cloud, Ye have Huangcheng Mountain ...... ancient records, ten miles north of the county Yongan City, built for the Chu, Chu because of when all carry on. Today's Lingshan River (today's Tuanfeng County land, and Kongzi River village north and south adjacent to the right official road, there is also Huangshan." Qing Guangxu "asked the House Zhi" cloud: "Huangshan, in the hole in the river north, a Huangshan store, a yellow forest villa." According to the government's record, Ye has Huangchengshan, and Kongzihe this place also has the name of the place called Huangshan. Huangcheng Mountain, Huangshan only a word difference, perhaps later abbreviated, and near the city of Chu, local and official road, Confucius seems to be reasonable to Chu. Ming "Unification", Qing "Hunan and Guangdong General Records" are: "Legend has it that Confucius from Chen Cai fit Chu, to this inquiries."
According to historical records, in the Western Han Dynasty, about the 16th year of Emperor Wen (164 years ago) to the first year of Emperor Wudi Yuanhari (122 years ago), the people of the Euphrates in the Kongzi Mountain excavated next to the "Kongzi make Zilu ask for the Jin" monument, the King of Huainan, Liu An, for the memory of the event, so in the local pavilion monument, and repair the Temple of Kongzi, for people to worship, and enlisted bachelors in the temple The monument is still there. The monument is still there, although through the years and months, the handwriting is clear, the Ming Dynasty scholar, the host of the academy Xiao Jizhong has a poem: "fog dark qinbei astringent, cloud born Han temple barren." It is inferred that the monument was erected in Qin Dynasty. I do not know when the original monument was destroyed, now only exists in the Ming people write the same text of a monument.
3. Ferry river water between the mountains in the sun
When the wind is deceiving the bamboo,
Lianjiang rain sends the fall.
Fish swim in the waves and the shadow sinks,
The anonymous book is left behind.
Chang Frustration, Jie Drowning, although returned to the mountains and forests, but do not close their eyes and ears, they know: Duke Ai of Lu once asked Confucius: "Lu's turmoil, originating from the Ji Clan, everyone understands, however, why the more you understand the more chaotic it is?" He asked Confucius to show him the way out. Confucius replied, "Because you only understand one country and one person, but not the whole world." This shows that Confucius was a man of knowledge but not a man of confusion. There is a hidden message in the words of Chang Frustration: Confucius knew the "maze" of Lu, and he must also know the "maze" of Chu, so he did not tell them about the crossing. Confucius and his party had to find someone else to inquire. When they came to the ferry, they saw an old man ferrying. Zi Lu said, "Boatman, please ferry us across the river."
"All right, please drive the carriage and all get into the boat." The boatman strained with his bamboo pole, and the horses crossed the river with the wooden boat in the water; the horses could swim.
The boat reached the center of the river, suddenly the wind rose suddenly, the wooden boat in the waves of the bumps and swaying, the boat is high and low, like a drunkard seems to be unsteady, a boat of people have lost their center of gravity. The whole boat and the carriage could not withstand the bumps, and with the wind and waves, the boat turned askew and tumbled down into the river. Confucius and his disciples and the rest of the crowd became drenched, falling into the water and getting their clothes all wet. The problem of people falling into the water was not too serious, and it was not cold in the south at this time. Pity about those books of mine, Confucius shouted, "Save me those books!"
There is a folk proverb: Confucius moved? All books. Confucius has been a life-long student, happy to forget the best, not knowing that old age is approaching. Carry a lot of books wherever you go.
Ancient books, in fact, are some of the bamboo slips engraved or written in seal characters, the Eastern Han Dynasty Cai Lun invented papermaking, the Northern Song Dynasty Bisheng invented movable-type printing are in its many years later.
After a lot of tossing and turning, the carriage was pushed ashore and the books were fished out. But the books were soaked with water. Confucius was anxious and looked around for a place to dry the books. It was Yan Hui who was young and sharp-eyed, "Look, there is a hill on the other bank! There is a hill on the other bank." The hill was more than 300 meters high, with no recline on all sides, standing alone and convex, with a flat and clean top of two acres square. Confucius held frowning brow stretched, at this time the autumn high, the sun shines directly on the hill, very good sunshine books. The disciples quickly moved the wet books to the top of the mountain and spread them out to dry. There weren't many people around, so Zi Lu, Zi Gong, and Yan Hui didn't bother to be civilized and took off their long shirts, wringing them out and drying them in the sun.
After all the fuss, Confucius stood at the top of the hill, overlooking the gushing water, and couldn't help but look up to the sky and sigh longingly, "The water is beautiful! It is a pity that there is no bridge here, if only there was a bridge here, passers-by would not suffer from wading in the water as I do!"
Afterward, Confucius and his disciples sat down on a two-foot-long boulder and rested for a while, waiting for the book to dry. Zi Lu recalled the recent trip, all sorts of misfortune, can not help but start whining, mouth chanting: in the Song State of a large tree to practice rituals, the Song Sima Huan spirits want to kill the master; in the field by the Chen Cai Daifu siege for three days, grain of rice did not eat, many people are starving and sick; the morning in the old street to let Xiang Pei Mao child tease, and then in the afternoon, people and cars into the water, it is really unfortunate, so that the wind and sword and tree severely forced! "
Kung Fu is the most important of all.
Confucius explained: "Heaven sends us a great task, to realize the Zhou ritual, the world to benevolence, a heavy load and a long way to go. Enduring hunger and suffering are inevitable. We must be tough and resilient, determined to die."
The mountain where Confucius and his disciples sunbathed in books is behind the present-day Wenjin Academy, a flat mountain with lush forests, bamboo, and crops, and is known as the Mountain of the Sun. Confucius that year sat on the long stone is known as the "sitting stone", around the later they stopped to lecture for the study of ink for the ink pool, ink stone. Ink pond is not far from the sitting stone of the brook, the brook side of the stone dark as ink, so the name of the ink pond. The stone carvings on the pool are engraved with the words "ink pool", which are still vaguely recognizable in spite of the long period of time. Pool side of a stone, shaped like an ink stone, such as a match made in heaven. Whenever the weather changes, there is "ink" leaching, the pool water does not dry up for a long time.
4. A thousand years a sigh Kong sigh bridge
Qi Jie, such as mountains, a thousand years to look up to the Palace Bridge near;
Writings like the sea, a hundred generations of sources of the altar bean chime.
In 489 B.C., Confucius stood on the bank of the Kongzi River, looked at the water and sighed, saying that it would be good if there was a bridge here. Confucius was later called a saint, but saints are not immortals, and Confucius did not believe in gods. "Honor the ghosts and gods and stay away from them" ("Analects. Yongya"), "How can one know death when one does not know life?" ("Analects. Confucius did not say "chaos, power, ghosts and gods" is to prove that God can turn stones into gold (of course, God does not exist). At that time, it was not easy to build a decent bridge in terms of productivity level.
The Kongzi River originates in the southeast branch of the Dabie Mountains in the Wuyun Mountains is a mountain river more than ten kilometers long, surrounded by hillocks, forests, bamboo, pine waves, birdsong, fields, villages, villages and settlements. She flows through the clear sand river, lift the water, into the Yangtze River, running to the endless sea. Millions of years, the water gurgles, never give up day and night, from ancient times flow through the Spring and Autumn, and from the Spring and Autumn flow to today. She because had left the footprints of Confucius, because Confucius issued a thousand years a sigh, and more magical yearning, and carries a deeper cultural heritage.
After more than 1,800 years, the long-cherished wish of Confucius and the expectation of people on both sides of the river for generations became a reality. Ming Wanli years, Confucius and Confucianism admirers, return to the An Jinshi, Huanggang County, Mao Ruizheng Kong saint's wish to build a bridge here, and named the Kong Sheng Bridge. Mao Ruizheng is a more effective governor, county records say he "in the water conservancy, postal transmission of the very best painting, has a great deal of merit in the people".
Mao Ruizheng and the people around the Kongzi River generously donated money to bring in the best craftsmen to prepare for the construction, which led to this act of charity. Four hundred years ago, steel, cement and other building materials had not yet been invented, where to get good building materials? Here is another amazing story.
Just as the people were hesitating, an elder with white hair and immortal bones came to the village. He instructed the villagers, "To build this bridge, you must use dragon bones." The villagers were surprised, "Where to find dragon bones?" Just saw him pick up the compass according to the ground and trigrams, and then pointed to the south of a long ridge, said: "This place looks like a dragon shape, will be able to get the dragon bone." People follow the words, came to the ridge, digging a look, I saw a piece of green stone, natural generation, hard and long, each root is more than ten meters long, weighing about 10,000 pounds. After lifting out of the ground, a count, **** sixteen.
According to local villagers, Ranggang is now Ma Shi Shan, ten miles away. At that time, there was no tractor, no crane, to ten meters long, five tons of a stone carried to the site, and so that it is not damaged, how easy it is! Repairing bridges and roads, good deeds, the neighborhood of the young students enthusiastically came to Ranggang, all tiger-backed, strong, are good at doing heavy work, a little count, there are exactly thirty-two people.
Sixteen stones, thirty-two strong man, but also a kind of coincidence of fate, one more person is too crowded, and then one less person is too much power is not enough. The first one is a stone, and the second one is a stone, and the third one is a stone, and the third one is a stone, and the third one is a stone, and the third one is a stone. At this time, the Earth Immortal came again and explained to the crowd, "This is the Dragon's Spine, do not move it." The crowd followed the advice, leaving the dragon bone, re-fill good, will be the rest of the fifteen lifted away, and the shape of this bridge for the four piers and three holes, each hole above the laying of five stone beams, it is just fifteen.
The construction of the bridge was completed, and the wish of Confucius was realized. The villagers thus benefited, no longer need to wade across the river, no longer need to ferry. To this day, the villagers also said, Kong sigh bridge to the saint's blessing, dipped in the light of the dragon body, so hold the spirit of the gods, lost their footing and fell into the water is very little, that is, the occasional loss of water, but also did not see the fall and drowning people.
If you follow the footsteps of Confucius in those years, come to the Kong Shengqiao excursion sightseeing, you will be amazed by the 400-year-old project.
The whole bridge is made of green stone, blocks of green stone, angular, large and heavy, stable and firm. Length 22.8 meters wide 2.25 meters high 2.52 meters. Its modeling for the four piers and three holes between each hole paved five stone beams a **** fifteen. Amazing is this root stone beam each root is a block of long and thick chiseled neatly. With the level of technology and equipment at that time to carry and lift the most incredible is also a mystery. It can be imagined that the wisdom of the craftsmen at that time is very high bridge quality is extraordinary after hundreds of years to carry a number of people and things she is still towering.
Legend to legend, atheists only believe in science. The old street itself is rich in building materials resources, there are marble factories. Construction of the Beijing-Kowloon Railway Xinzhou section, stone are locally sourced. Feng Shui also has a scientific component, just with the ancient method of some exploration, plus some God Xuan. At that time, the handling equipment, weighing 5000 kilograms of stone, should be a set of force, and supplemented by horse-drawn carriages, rickshaws and other equipment and a piece to the site. The Chinese nation is an ancient civilization, the Great Wall, the Forbidden City, Dujiangyan and other vast projects have reflected the outstanding wisdom of our ancestors, hole sigh bridge is also one of the examples.
5, the word mountain
A look at the dome of the weather is different, rut ring had this temporary drive.
The pines are shaking the dragon's shadow at night, and the rocks are squatting the tiger and leopard's body.
The air pressure of the East Mountain can be a small Lu, and the spirit of Tai Dai can be viewed Wu.
It is not enough to climb to the mountain for the mid-autumn festival, but the spring breeze is the summer sacrifice.
The benevolent man enjoys the mountains, the wise man enjoys the water. "Those who are benevolent are quiet, and those who are benevolent live long" (The Analects of Confucius? Yongya"). The "benevolent" is the core of Confucius' thought, its starting point and destination, and the ideal for which he fought all his life. In the implementation of his doctrine and thought, he also very much love nature, love of the landscape. He set his mind on benevolence, sent his love to the mountains, and his love to the water, to be as lofty and majestic as the mountains, and as tranquil as the water, washing away the filth of the world. Confucius in Xinzhou during the stay, there have been many times between the mountains and the water, thinking about the great cause of the world, enjoying the beauty of the scenery.
One morning at seven or eight o'clock, Confucius teacher and disciple came to the sunshine book mountain walk, they hummed a wonderful shao music, while enjoying the surrounding scenery: close to see the river Confucius river water gurgling, the white waves hanging straight. Beautiful village girl in the river waving a wooden pestle, rhythmic pounding sound and the sound of rushing water, as if in the performance of a moving music; splash of water, in the sunlight like crystal fluorescent pearls from the sky and down. From a distance, the people of the road, the sound of dogs and chickens, blowing smoke, straight into the clouds. To the east of the mountains a look, only to see the verdant mountains from north to south, stretching thousands of miles, through a kind of spirit, just like a "the" word, the beauty of the lack of the top of a "point".
Confucius recited: "the, hu, also, the, carry on, Yan, ja, shortcomings are not for the, the lack of which is not a text." On the spot, he scooped up a handful of dirt and threw it at that hill, only to see the handful of dirt flying into the air, getting bigger and bigger, and drifting down to the top of that hill, forming a point of the character 之. Zi Lu and the others exclaimed, "Now it looks like a complete zigzag."
The legend of Zhi Zi Mountain is wonderful and magical. The Chinese characters are hieroglyphics, and nature has worked wonders with the mountains and terrain, resembling oxen and horses, like text and characters, full of beauty. When you visit the mountain and look at it from a height and try to figure it out, you will realize the mystery and magic of the word mountain.
One morning in early October, Confucius lectured on the Confucius Mountain Lecture Theater on the banks of the Confucius River, listening to 50 or 60 people, the students are listening to the fascination. Confucius chanted:
The wood is being felled, and the birds are calling.
Out of the valley,
Moving to the tree;
Bird calling,
Seeking for a friend's voice.
.......
Suddenly a carriage galloped up, and from it came two messengers, who came straight to Confucius. When Confucius saw the official messengers arrive, he stopped lecturing. The messengers brought a letter from Lord Ye. I'd like to tell you that I'm sending you a gift of 5,000 dollars for your trip, and I hope you'll accept it.
Husband's profound learning, moral articles, high mountains, Jingxingxingxingxingzhi. I will always respect you for that.
We will meet again in the future, and we will certainly have an audience to pay our respects.
It is a tribute to the time!
Shen Zhu Liang, a native of Chu, pause
October 8, 27th year of King Zhao of Chu
In fact, Chu's failure to fulfill its promise, the death of King Zhao was one of the reasons, mainly because of the cynicism of Zi Xi, the Chu magistrate, who was jealous and envious of the wise and talented, and made a mess of the situation. After reading Duke Ye's letter, Confucius was y saddened and sorry. He has always regarded King Zhao of Chu as a wise ruler, the great state of Chu, if there can be King Zhao of Chu to implement benevolent government, in order to save the people of the chaotic world, will be the great fortune of heaven. In order to visit Chu Zhao Wang, their teachers and disciples traveled long distances, through all the hardships, living in Chen for four years. Unexpectedly, Ying has not yet arrived, know the king has died, has become a dead man.
Not long, Confucius teacher and disciple ended the journey in Xinzhou, said goodbye to Chu, came to the state of Wei, in the state of Wei and lived for three years, for the Wei out of the Duke of politics.
6. A Thousand-Year-Old Apricot Altar and Academy
The same heart, the same virtue and the same hall, the apricot altar of this day as now;
Changing Lu to Qi to Chu, the rut of the year has not been back.
Confucius left, with the ambition of the unfulfilled regret, with the profound Chu culture of reverence, with this land of the spirit of the deep attachment to go.
But, Kongzi River, Kongzi Mountain, Kongzi Village in particular! Ask Jin Academy, Ask Jin monument, sunshine book mountain in particular! The Yanzi Lane, Changchu Chong, Jie Drowning Fanfan is especially in! The lectern, the inkwell, the inkstone are all there!
Confucius' spirit lives on! The doctrine of Confucius lives on!
"Teaching with the chemical rain is far away, the spring is like the Wenlan Mil Miluo." The mountains, the water, the flowers and the trees here are all telling us that a great cultural giant has visited us and lived with us.
People kept Confucius. Confucius's thoughts have been submerged in the people here for generations, nourishing every inch of land here. They upgraded the open-air podium of Confucius into a magnificent and spectacular academy, and year after year, day after day, the history of Confucianism and Taoism has been written to this day, and perhaps will be written forever.
Circa 16th year of Emperor Wen of the Western Han Dynasty (164 years ago) to the first year of Emperor Wu's Yuanhari (122 years ago), the people of the Euphrates in Xinzhou Kongzi mountain side unearthed the stone monument of the Qin Dynasty "Kongzi made Zilu ask for the jin". To commemorate this event, Liu An, the grandson of Liu Bang, the king of Huainan, built a pavilion and a monument at the place where the stele was unearthed, and constructed the Confucius Temple for worship, and recruited bachelors to give lectures and write books in the temple. The King of Huainan set up his capital at Liu'an, with the county of Zhuyi as his dependency. At that time, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty adopted Dong Zhongshu's suggestion to "dismiss the hundred schools of thought and revere only the Confucians", and Confucianism became the theoretical doctrine for the maintenance of state power.
During the reign of Emperor Cheng of the Eastern Jin Dynasty from the second to the fourth year of Xiankang (336?338 A.D.), Mao Bao, then assassin of the Henan Province, paid a visit to the Confucius Temple and allocated funds for its restoration.
Tang Wuzong Huichang two years to four years (AD 842?844), then Huangzhou governor (Xinzhou for Huangzhou Prefecture), the famous poet Du Mu expansion of the Confucius Temple. Taking the meaning of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, who named Confucius "King of Wensuan", the temple was renamed as "Wensuan Temple", and lectures were held here.
The Southern Song Jinghu system of making Meng Gong additional Confucius Temple, the great thinker, the science of the master Zhu Xi (1130 AD?1200 years) to this lecture, preaching and teaching, answer questions and solve puzzles, and inscribed a poem to Confucius Mountain Temple. Poetry: "pale face is not ten years ago, put the mirror back to see a disappointment. Crawl thin Lin deep understanding not a few, and will be the rest of the day to pay for the remnants of the editing." Zhu Zi at this time is nearly seventy years old, there is no time to wait.
In the early Yuan Dynasty, Luling, Jiangxi Province, a famous Confucian, the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, Hubei and Hunan Confucianism, Long Renfu, refused to Yuan not to serve, following the example of the long frustration, Jie Drowning, hidden in the mountains of Confucius, where the first ask the Jin College (then known as the "Confucius Mountain Temple School" or "Long Renfu College"), building room He built a room for lecturing. In his life, he emphasized the importance of Taoism and was a learned man, compiling 18 volumes of Zhouyi jizhuan (The Collected Biographies of Zhouyi), which was a unique and insightful work. He died at the age of 90 and was buried in Huashan, Yangluo. The later scholars quite respected his moral integrity and praised him a lot. Next to his tomb and ask the Jin Academy respectively built a shrine, there are plaques, every year to visit, worship.
Yuan did not, Chen Youliang rebels captured the city of Xinzhou, and claimed the title of emperor in the city of Zhu. Zhu Yuanzhang attacked Xinzhou and defeated Chen Youlang. The Confucian Temple and the Academy were destroyed in the war. The temple was later restored by local officials and Confucian scholars, but the scale was not as large as before.
The Ming Dynasty, Geng Direction, the Imperial Historian Shu Shan, Hunan and Guangdong Governor Xiong Shangwen and other high-ranking officials to help, two large-scale restoration of the academy, Confucius Temple and the Palace of the joint construction, and in the Henan Mall, Tangchi, built inquiring into the academy of the branch. Xiong Shangwen also inscribed the four characters of "ask Jin Shuyuan". "At one time, E-cheng, Hanshang, Hengshan, Leiyang, as well as Kyoto's Shushan, Jiangyou's Tanyuzhi, Wuxi's Donglin, each other Zhangming, and the flourishing of the Askjin is then excelled in the world." Ming dynasty Nanchang Confucian Zhu test once said: "Tanya, ask the Jin, looking at each other, the big Zhang Zhengxue, so that Jiangchu just like Zulu, true thesis also."
Ming did not Chongzhen eight years, the Academy was destroyed in the war. Qing dynasty, the early years of Kangxi once again repair and expansion. Qing Xianfeng early years, the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom army and Zeng Guofan's Hunan army war in Xinzhou, the Academy three times the conflagration, Tongzhi, Guangxu years and several times to repair and expansion. Kangxi and Jiaqing emperors of the Qing dynasty, the royal gift of the Academy "teacher of the world", "the holy set of great achievements" gold plaque, more so that its reputation at home and abroad, famous for a while. Hunan Province, Jiang Yongxiu, a scholar, wrote more than 1,000 words, made the "monument to the restoration of the school".
In the early years of the Republic of China, Zhang Yizhen, a famous calligrapher and official of President Sun Yat-sen's Office, inscribed a stone plaque with the title "Wenjin Academy" for the restoration of Wenjin Academy. Subsequently, as an elementary school, junior high school, dry training places existed for decades. "The fog darkens the Qin stele, and the clouds make the Han temple barren. Empty spare coupled plowed land, now and then **** Suhuang." The bright moon of the Qin Dynasty remains, and the prosperity of the Han and Tang dynasties does not reside. Ten years of "Cultural Revolution" is like ten years of nightmare, the government and literati to build the Chutian Academy has been full of devastation. She from a rich man with ten thousand dollars in his pocket, turned into a poor man with four walls. Enshrined for thousands of years of Confucius, Zhu Zi statue was pushed down, Kangxi Jiaqing imperial plaque was robbed, the stele has become a stepping stone to the courtyard of the farmhouse, Kong sighed the bridge covered with houses, books scattered, rituals do not exist, thousands of years of ancient trees were cut down. It is really painful to sigh with regret! The only remaining moss-covered Dacheng Hall, the empty Zhongzi Ancestral Hall, Zhu Zi Ancestral Hall, as well as Dacheng Hall inside and outside the half-stone and half-wooden tall pillars, carved in front of the steps?