During the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods, Chu culture, with its rich local style, spread throughout the country, and on the basis of absorbing the culture of the Central Plains, it gradually blended with the original indigenous culture, displaying its unique charm and luster.
In 1044 (the fourth year of the Northern Song Dynasty), the Shaozhou County School was founded on the left side of the state capital, and then the county schools were founded one after another in each county to promote Confucianism and education, and the songs and strings were passed down through the generations.
In 1313 (the second year of the Yuan Emperor Qing), Yang Zaicheng, a Miao chief, donated funds to establish the Chengbu Rulin Academy, the beginning of the territory of the academy, followed by the Baoqing Lianxi Academy and so on, "the guide into the talents of the broader school is not as good as". The fragrance of the books continues, civilization evolves, not only created generations of students, but also catalyzed and promoted the local culture. To the Qing Dynasty, the territory of the creation of the literati in the ascendant, folk art also shines. In the early Qing Dynasty, Che Wanyu's "Sound and Rhythm Enlightenment" was a household name for sound and rhythm, and was popular throughout the country. During the Qianlong period, Shaoyang Xixiang Tantou woodblock prints entered its heyday, with works such as "The Mouse Marries a Daughter", "Harmony and Good Fortune" and "Yearly Fortune" circulating in more than 10 provinces in Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan and Gui, and being exported to Southeast Asian countries. Wei Yuan is not only a famous Enlightenment thinker in the late Qing Dynasty, but also a generation of poets, and Gong Zizhen, known as "Gong Wei", *** leading the way. Zou Hanxun, a famous square record scholar and modern geographer, poetry of Hanwei, and Wei Yuan and Daosu He Shaoji is known as the "three masters of Xiangzhong". After the opium wars, the west wind eastward, yup people's horizons gradually open. Not only Deng Fulun, Deng Jie and other literati dared to face up to the reality of external and internal troubles, and their poems were full of the deep feeling of worrying about the times and the country; the advanced ideas of Hunan culture, which emphasized practical learning and practical application of the world, were also promoted in the education sector.
In 1898 (Guangxu 24), Wugang Aoshan and other three schools to focus on practical learning; founded in Shaoyang County, Teng's school for girls, for the prototype of the new school. Since then, the territory of a number of voluntary schools, academies gradually changed to a small school, and in time to create the Baoqing House in the school, the new school gradually replaced the old Confucian education, the continuation of more than 1,000 years of feudalism is the end of the system of examination.
In the early years of the Republic of China, the territory of culture and education gradually close to the current political situation, from school education to social education. "After the May Fourth Movement, the bookstores in the territory began to disseminate the progressive books of the New Culture Movement, civilized opera, free verse and vernacular novels, prose, prompting the modern culture of Shaoyang into the propaganda of anti-imperialism, anti-feudalism, and the tide of the democratic revolution.
During the Anti-Japanese War, a number of progressive newspapers and schools, such as the Observation Daily founded by the Hunan Provincial Work Committee of the C***, moved to Shaoyang, and cultural celebrities such as Lv Zhenyu, Wang Xiyan, Ai Qing, Zhang Tianyi, and Jiang Muliang were engaged in propaganda and education for the war and salvation of the people in the territory. The anti-war literary boom initiated by newspapers such as "Observation Daily", "Power Newspaper" and "True Newspaper" not only awakened the public, but also created a number of literary and journalistic talents. During this period, there was also a development in education, with the implementation of the system of setting up schools according to townships and bao, i.e., the townships set up central elementary school and the bao set up national elementary school.
By 1941 (R.O.C. 30), there were 156 national center elementary school in the townships and 1,709 national elementary school in the provinces, and the enrollment rate of school-age children reached 48%. Later, due to the Japanese invasion and the Kuomintang launched a civil war against the people, the territory of the cultural and educational undertakings have been seriously damaged, social and cultural organizations and facilities, or because of the war, or for the war destroyed, school education has not been restored to the pre-war level. According to the Republic of 37 Shaoyang, Wugang, Xinning, Chengbu and Xinhua, Suining six counties statistics, in the total population of 3.36 million, illiterate young adults 1.21 million, accounting for 36% of the total population, accounting for 82% of the number of young adults.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China*** and the People's Republic of China, the territory has made great progress in culture, education and science and technology, health, sports, news, broadcasting and other social causes. On the basis of taking over and reforming the existing schools, the CPC and the People's Government continuously expanded the scale of schools, widely encouraged the children of workers and peasants to enroll in schools, and at the same time carried out activities to eliminate illiteracy, so that basic education, higher education, vocational education, and adult education flourished. Traditional culture and art were carried forward, and cultural undertakings such as drama, film and books became increasingly prosperous, with the construction of theaters, cinemas, palaces of culture, cultural centers, libraries, clubs and other cultural facilities showing a trend of parallel progress. The excellent traditional repertoire of Hua Gu Opera and Qi Opera, such as "Playing Bird" and "Zhaojun Out of the Frontiers", have been excavated and organized, and have been promoted. Li Bank, Xie Pu and Chen Baiyi a group of writers, artists, with its rich local flavor of the creation of the literary world on the art world. Broadcasting from scratch, a variety of newspapers and magazines in general circulation, increasingly rich and active cultural life of the people in urban and rural areas. Medical and health care network gradually formed, patriotic health campaign in full swing, some threat to the people's health of endemic diseases, infectious diseases have been controlled or eliminated, greatly improving the people's physical fitness and health level.
The Anti-Rightist Struggle of 1957 and the subsequent Cultural Revolution caused a large number of intellectuals to be harmed by the Left, and the development of culture, education and other social undertakings was also seriously affected. After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC), the CPC committees and people's governments at all levels in the country adopted a series of measures of strategic significance in the construction of various undertakings in the fields of culture, education, science and technology, health and sports, respecting knowledge and talent, and promoting the simultaneous development of the building of socialist spiritual civilization and the building of material civilization. During this period, the historical task of universalizing primary education has been completed. The structure of secondary education has been reformed, and vocational and technical education has been developed at a relatively rapid pace, while the layout of higher education has been adjusted, and an education system focusing on general education and the comprehensive development of vocational education and adult education is taking shape. Cultural undertakings have regained their splendor, old writers in the literary and artistic circles have been rejuvenated, new authors have come to the fore, literary societies and creative groups have emerged one after another, and creativity has become more and more prosperous, with new books being published every year. The mountain opera "Kissing Pavilion", photography works "Earth", "Mountain Flowers" and so on won national or international awards. Art education and research have been developed and fruitful. Television, audio-visual business has emerged and quickly popularized in urban and rural areas. Shaoyang Daily", "new flowers", "primary and secondary school music newspaper" and a number of newspapers and magazines, colorful, distribution throughout the urban and rural areas. The scientific and technological team is constantly growing, and the scientific research results have been popularized and applied. 778 achievements have been rewarded at the municipal level, 146 at the provincial level, and 32 at the national level. The construction of a large number of cultural, sports and medical facilities has created conditions for improving the quality of life and health of the people.
In 1990, the city had 3 colleges and universities, 8 specialized secondary schools, 9 technical schools, 59 rural vocational secondary schools, 669 general secondary schools and 4,692 general elementary school. There were 3,719 university students in school, 292,600 secondary school students and 819,600 primary school students. There are 97 scientific research institutions, of which 57 are under the ownership of the whole nation and 20 are run by enterprises. There are 94,106 scientific and technological personnel of all kinds***. There are 290 cultural and artistic institutions, including 1 television station, 1 radio station, 3 television transmitters and rebroadcasters; 2 gymnasiums and 10 stadiums. There are 923 medical and health institutions, including 461 hospitals with 12,126 beds.
In 2011, all three rates of compulsory education reached the standard. The construction of universities and colleges has gained new development, and Shaoyang College has succeeded in bidding for a master's degree. Completion of 712 school construction projects, school conditions are gradually improving, the downtown Xiangfeng School will soon be completed. The pace of scientific and technological innovation has accelerated. The combination of production, learning and research is becoming increasingly close, more than 130 enterprises and universities, research institutes to carry out technical cooperation. 3 enterprises into the provincial engineering and technology research center construction, 67 projects included in the national and provincial science and technology plans. Patent authorization of 550, "National Intellectual Property Pilot City" through the national acceptance. The output value of high-tech industry reached 23 billion yuan, an increase of 33%. The free opening of "three libraries and one station" was officially launched. All 101 construction projects of township cultural stations were completed. Farmers' bookstores reached 3,935, covering 71% of the city's administrative villages. Chengbu Hanging Dragon and Wugang Silk String were selected as the third batch of national intangible cultural heritage. Cultural market regulation was intensified, and cultural supervision work was recognized as national advanced. The city's radio and TV coverage reached 78.2% and 92.2% respectively. The revenue of the city's cultural industry reached more than 2.6 billion yuan, gradually becoming a new economic growth point. A number of county and township hospitals were remodeled, and the drug system was fully covered. Prevention and control of major epidemics carried out, the opening of the New Agricultural Cooperative Universal Safety Project and double ten and other convenient and beneficial actions.
In 2013, the city's three general higher education enrollment 0.81 million, an increase of 5.2% over the previous year, with 27,100 students and 0.83 million graduates. Various types of secondary vocational education enrollment 23,400 people, down 4.5%, with 67,100 students and 24,800 graduates. General high school enrollment of 41,100, down 1.9%, 115,600 students, 33,700 graduates. Junior high school and elementary school **** enrollment 208,800, down 3.8%, with 881,200 students and 176,700 graduates. Special education enrollment 0.06 million, enrollment 0.23 million. Kindergarten enrollment of 192,000 children, an increase of 9.2%. There are 60 private schools of various types, with 71,500 students enrolled. Primary school-age children enrollment rate and the rate of graduates to reach 100%.