We all know that some time ago the U.S. sanctions against Huawei. Chips are important for modern industry, many high-end equipment need to use the chip, the chip is like the brain of a device, leaving the brain that this device even if the other parts of the advanced can not run.
But at present China's high-end chips are heavily dependent on imports, for example, in 2018 China's imports of chips amounted to 20584.1 billion yuan, about 14.62% of the country's total imports of goods, while the total amount of oil imported during the same period was 1588.17 billion yuan, about 11.28% of the country's total imports of goods, you can see that the chip is China's largest imports of products .
Currently China is the world's largest manufacturing country, the gross industrial product is located in the world's first, China's manufacturing goods are sold around the world, China's manufacturing scale in 2010 for the first time exceeded the United States to become the world's largest manufacturing country after has been a long time hegemony of the world's first position, for example, in 2018, China's industrial value-added has exceeded 30 trillion yuan (about 4.3 trillion U.S. dollars), accounting for nearly 30 percent of the world's manufacturing industry.
But at present, many of China's industrial products are big but not strong, in these products sold around the world, many core components are imported from abroad, and then through the assembly and then sold to these countries.
Currently, China has a lot of highly sophisticated products are still heavily dependent on imports, such as the following products:
1, CNC machine tools
CNC machine tools are the basis of modern manufacturing, no machine tool support, modern manufacturing can be said to be difficult to move forward, at present, China's own production of some machine tools, but involves a number of high-precision CNC machine tools rely on imports, the current high performance machine tools are basically from Germany. Domestic high-performance machine tools are basically imported from Germany, the United States, Japan, these countries, high-end CNC machine tools less than 10% self-sufficiency rate.
2, precision instruments
Precision instruments have a direct impact on scientific research and the development of basic science, but also a lot of cutting-edge equipment manufacturing indispensable part of the current use of China's high-end scientific research instruments are heavily reliant on imports, such as testing instruments, optical instruments, and many other equipment need to be imported.
3, advanced medical equipment
Currently, many parts of China's hospitals are very large, and advanced equipment, but high-end medical equipment are heavily dependent on imports, such as 80% of the CT, mid-range and high-end monitors, 85% of the test instruments, 90% of the ultrasound instruments, magnetic *** vibration equipment, electrocardiogram machines are foreign brands.
4, high-end engines
Engine is the core component of large-scale equipment, such as aircraft, automobiles, ships, etc., at present, China also has a number of enterprises can produce some engines, such as Weichai, Yuchai, etc., but some high-end engines are still unable to self-sufficiency, such as aviation engines are still highly dependent on imports, the world's aviation engines are basically the United States Pratt & Whitney (PW.), Pratt & Whitney, Pratt & Whitney, Pratt & Whitney, Pratt & Whitney, and so on: Pratt & Whitney (PW: Pratt & Whitney), General (GE: General Electric) and the United Kingdom's Rollo (RR: Rolls-Royce, also known as Rolls-Royce) firmly occupy the position of the three aviation engine, domestic engine market share of less than 1%.
5, the core parts of the car
We all know that China is the world's largest automobile producer and consumer, but the car needs a lot of core parts are heavily dependent on imports, such as automotive automatic transmissions, CVTs, special chains and belts, and other equipment 90% dependent on imports.
6, photolithography
Photolithography is an important piece of equipment for the manufacture of chips, some companies in China can also produce some photolithography, but basically 90nm below the low-end photolithography, photolithography above the 40nm process is still dependent on imports, especially 7nm photolithography even if there is money may not be able to succeed in buying foreign things.
7, high-end bolts
Bolts seem to be a very common part, it seems that there is no high-end technical content, but at present, including high-speed rail, airplanes and other equipment used on the permanent solid bolts almost 100% imported, the source of imports is mainly Japan and Germany.
8, high-end cell phone screen
Currently the world's high-end cell phone screen almost by South Korea's Samsung + LG, as well as Japan's JDI + Sharp (Hon Hai) dominated, although China's BOE, China Electronics and other companies can also produce some screen, and mastered some core technologies, but still can not meet the demand for high-end screen in China.
9, high-speed rail key parts
High-speed rail has been a pride of our country, from import to imitation to independent research and development, just a few years China's high-speed rail to the forefront of the world, so that other countries envy, but at present the high-speed rail on some of the core parts are still dependent on imports, these parts include bolts, gearing system, bogie and other components, bearings and so on.
10, high-end bearings
Bearing is an indispensable part of the power plant, bearing in our life bearing almost everywhere, small to the roadside *** enjoy the bike, and then to the refrigerator, washing machine, computer cooling fan, range hoods, cell phones in the vibration of the motor, driving on the road, the car, large aircraft carriers can not be separated from the bearings, which a lot of bearings are actually also our country can produce, but for the application of precision bearings, the bearing is also used in the production of the high speed rail, but for the application of precision bearings, the bearing is also used in the production of the high speed rail. Can produce, but for the application of precision equipment for the main bearing, China is still technically difficult to self-sufficiency, at present, China's P4 and more than half of the upper level of ultra-precision bearings are dependent on imports.
So for us also need to be high-end products and core technology to increase efforts in research and development. Science and technology is the first productive forces, only to master the core technology to be invincible.