Transcription printing is the simplest stencil printing, which started at the end of19th century. This kind of printing is made of special wax paper with typewriter or iron pen, and printed on the wax paper with ink roller, and the ideal printing effect can be obtained on the substrate. In stencil printing, screen printing is the most widely used. Screen printing is to stretch silk fabric, synthetic fiber fabric or metal screen on a screen frame and make a screen printing plate by hand engraving or photochemical plate making. Modern screen printing technology is to make a screen printing plate with photosensitive materials through photographic plate making (the screen of graphic part is made on the screen printing plate)
The hole is a through hole, but the screen hole of the non-graphic part is blocked). When printing, the ink is squeezed by the scraper and transferred to the substrate through the mesh of the graphic part to form the same graphic as the original. Screen printing equipment is simple, easy to operate, simple in printing and plate making, low in cost and strong in adaptability. Screen printing is widely used. Common printed matter includes: color oil paintings, posters, business cards, binding covers, commodity signs and printed textiles.
Printing: For a long time, printing must have a printing plate, and the ink (or pigment) on the printing plate can only be transferred to the substrate under the action of pressure. Therefore, people think that the development of printing technology is the evolution of printing plate and pressure. However, in recent decades, especially in the last decade, due to the continuous expansion of electronics, lasers, computers and other technologies to the printing field and the application of high-tech achievements in printing, the traditional analog printing based on plate and pressure has been challenged, and digital printing methods without plate and pressure have emerged one after another. For example: laser printing, electron beam imaging, inkjet printing, thermal wax transfer printing, thermal sublimation transfer printing, liquid thermal inkjet printing, etc. The definition of printing has a new concept. According to the national standard "Printing Technical Terminology" issued by China, printing is a process technology that transfers the graphic information on the manuscript to the substrate by printing plate or other means. As can be seen from the definition of printing, printing is a kind of reproduction technology of graphic information of the manuscript. Its biggest feature is that it can copy the graphic information of the manuscript in a large number and economically on various substrates. It can be said that it can be printed except air and water, and its finished products can be widely circulated and permanently preserved, which is incomparable to other reproduction technologies such as film, television and photography. The production of printed matter generally goes through five technological processes: the selection or design of manuscript, the production of manuscript, the drying of printing plate, printing and post-press processing. That is to say, firstly, the manuscript suitable for printing is selected or designed, then the graphic information of the manuscript is processed to make the manuscript (generally called positive or negative) for printing or engraving, and then the manuscript is used to make a printing plate for printing. Finally, the printing plate is installed on the printing machine, the ink is coated on the surface of the printing plate through the ink conveying system, and the ink is transferred from the printing plate to the substrate through the tablet press. After printing, a large number of printed papers are copied. Nowadays, people often refer to the design of the manuscript, graphic information processing and plate making as prepress processing, while the process of transferring the ink on the printing plate to the substrate is called printing. The completion of such a printed matter requires prepress treatment, printing and postpress treatment.