Potato is one of the staple foods in the world. In the United States, from the 1950s onwards, due to the rapid development of convenience foods at that time and the consumption of potatoes will make people fat the influence of the wrong theory, the consumption of potatoes began to decline sharply. In order to get out of the dilemma, the United States food experts began to all kinds of potato food development carried out extensive research, so that the consumption of potatoes in the 50's and then be able to re-launch climax, and jumped to become the world's potato kingdom.
Now, the U.S. potato food occupies about 31.7% of the entire U.S. food market, with varieties of up to 70~80 kinds. U.S. potato food processing rate of more than 80%, of which more than 50% for frozen French fries processing production. The United States per capita annual consumption of potato food is about 60kg or so, of which per capita consumption of fried potato chips for about 9kg.
Since the 90's, with the rise of the Asian economy, in Asia also gradually formed a new market for potato food. In recent years, the United States to China's Hong Kong, Taiwan and Japan, South Korea and the export of frozen French fries, fried potato chips and other total trade volume has remained in the hundreds of millions of dollars above. With McDonald's, KFC and other American fast-food chains to the world's countries continue to expand to the potato as the main raw material of Europe and the United States food is also popular all over the world, the formation of billions of dollars of stable market. In developed countries, potato food to become indispensable in people's daily life of a green food.
According to the United Nations statistics, per capita consumption of potatoes in Western European countries, the annual per capita of about 90kg or so, followed by Eastern Europe. Latin American countries per capita consumption is relatively stable, while developing countries are showing a gradual growth momentum. Latin America and the near east per capita consumption of about 20~25kg, Africa and the far east about 6kg.
Japan potato food processing rate of about 70%. Every year 3.5 million tons of potatoes in about 50% for fried potato chips, French fries processing production, 10% for frozen potato products processing.
1 China's potato leisure food development overview
According to the United Nations Development Summer and the International Potato Center estimates, the world's direct consumption of potato less than 50% of the total output, China's potato planting area of 4.67 million hm 2, the annual amount of fresh potatoes for 65 million t, ranking first in the world. But China's per capita consumption of potato is very low, only 18kg or so, and 90% of them for fresh food. China's potato processing rate only accounted for about 4% of the total output, compared with the United Nations statistics, China's current overall processing level of potato food than the level of the world's industrially developed countries lagged behind 20 years.
China's fifteen food industry development plan pointed out that the fifteen period, to actively develop the potato processing industry, to the end of the fifteen period, the establishment of a whole potato flour and processed products, starch, special starch, potato convenience food products, etc., so that the potato processing industry has become the central and western regions of a new economic growth point.
Fried potato chips, compound potato chips, frozen French fries is the market development of China's faster three kinds of potato leisure food
1.1 fried potato chips
Fried potato chips is China's current market is the most common kind of potato food, but also China's relatively fast development, the investors want to invest in a potato food processing projects.
With the development of science and technology in the world in the past 50 years and the emergence of new processes, new materials, especially packaging materials, packaging machinery and packaging technology, the rapid development of the processing and production of fried potato chips in the world to form a huge industry, the global annual sales of fried potato chips has exceeded 20 billion U.S. dollars, the United States PepsiCo Foods alone, annual sales of more than 8 billion U.S. dollars. More than a billion dollars.
China from the end of the 80's from the United States, Sweden, the Netherlands, Finland and other over the introduction of more than 30 fried potato chip production line. The country's total annual production and sales of fried potato chips is estimated to be about 4~5 million t right, the vast majority of China's introduction of equipment processing and production. Among them, the annual production and sales volume of more than 2,000t of enterprises are only about 10 or so. At present, the number of enterprises using domestic equipment to produce potato chips is small.
Potato food sold on the market around the main Pepsi Foods Company's Ritz potato chips, Shanghai Chenguang Food Industry Co., Ltd. on the good good good potato chips, Beijing Lianhua Food Industry Co. On the Shanghai supermarket annual sales volume of more than 2,000t; Kunming, Yunnan is one of China's faster development of potato food, the existing scale of fried potato chips production plant more than 10, in addition to the Angel Food Company, ZiDi Food Company, the two use the introduction of equipment for the production of the rest of the general small factories.
Domestic equipment in addition to the China Agricultural Machinery Institute or some food machinery factory production of fried potato chips production line with a certain level of technology, most of the equipment in the technology appears to be more backward, lower yield, poor quality, greater consumption.
1. 2 composite potato chips
Composite potato chips is a potato snow powder as the main raw material and composite production of rounded thin slices, by the United States Procter & Gamble (P & amp; G Corporation) in 1970, the first invention, so far only 30 years of history, but because of its unique flavor, no greasy feeling, using composite canned, long shelf life, easy to carry, can be taken in batches and other features! , has become a kind of leisure food popular in the world. Now, the production of composite potato chips in addition to the United States has developed to South America, Europe, Japan, Taiwan, Thailand and other Asian countries and regions. It is estimated that the world's annual sales of composite potato has more than 1 billion dollars.
Procter & Gamble Company of the United States production of Pinnacle (PLINGLES) composite potato chips is in 1997 began to enter the Chinese market. Procter & Gamble Company of the United States under the *** there are two factories in the production of composite potato chips. One is JACKSON, in the U.S. mainland, one is Mechelen, in Belgium. The two factories are in accordance with the unified formula, the unified process of production of composite potato chips. The U.S. Pinnacle brand composite potato chips in China's sales of about 5,000 to 8,000t or so.
Currently on sale in China's market composite potato chips main brands are Pinnacle (U.S. Procter & Gamble), everyone's treasure (Beijing Xingyun Industrial Co., Ltd.), Special Crisp Star (the U.S. Nabisco), White Leshun (Germany Bahlsen), Boca (Taiwan, PepsiCo / Pepsi Foods Co., Inc.), Mamma (Malaysian company mamma), LIFTOFFS (Golden Wonder), Round (British), LIFTOFFS (British company), LIFTOFFS (British company). Wonder (Golden Wonder, UK), Yuanyuan (Shantou S.E.Z. Yusheng Foods Co., Ltd.), Carrefour (Shantou Ronghao Company), etc.. Among them, except the two kinds of compound potato chips, CUBAO and YUANYUAN, which are produced by two domestic companies, Beijing Xingyun Industrial Company Limited and Shantou Yusheng Foodstuffs Company Limited, the rest of them are imported. Ltd. and Shantou Yusheng Foods Co., Ltd. are imported. The two companies respectively use the imported equipment of Italian PAVAN Company and American FMC Company for production. The annual production capacity of Beijing Xingyun Industrial Company is about 3,000t; the annual production capacity of Shantou Yusheng Food Company is about 1,000~2,000t.
At present, the annual sales volume of compound potato chips in China's market is about 1.0~1.5 million tons. Among them, our domestic self-production is about 5,000t or so.
Composite potato chips and other potato food compared with the following characteristics:
1) composite potato chips using potato flour, potato starch and other potato processing products as raw materials for the production of its choice of processing point is not as strict as fried potato chips;
2) composite potato chips using composite technology processing and production, compared with other potato food. In the shape of the product, variety, specifications, especially the taste of the product, the flavor of the modulation, the control of the oil content of potato chips compared with fried potato chips have greater flexibility;
3) composite potato chips are mostly used in paper composite cans and other rigid container packaging. Compared with the same weight of fried potato chip products, packaging containers greatly reduced, shelf life greatly increased. In this way, not only can reduce the product transportation, storage and other costs, but also make consumers feel convenient to take, catering to the consumption habits of most consumers.
1. 3 frozen French fries
Frozen French fries is one of the main food of American fast food. Since the first SellsDonald's fast-food restaurant opened in Beijing in 1992, the consumer group fostered by fast-food restaurants such as SellsDonald's, KFC, and pizza is also expanding rapidly, and the market for frozen fries is expanding in China.
Frozen french fries are a kind of potato products processed by peeling, cutting, steaming, drying, deep-frying and freezing of fresh potatoes, and are a popular fast food and leisure food in Europe and the United States, accounting for about 17% to 18% of the entire frozen products.
The United States is the world's largest producer and exporter of French fries, the processing of French fries accounted for more than 50% of the total potato. Other countries frozen French fries processing ratio were: the Netherlands 74.8%; Belgium 55.2%; Sweden 54.3%; Britain 44.3%; Germany 39%. Japan, South Korea and some Southeast Asian countries and regions are the major consumers and importers of frozen potato fries. In recent years, the region's imports have increased by about five times.
At present, China's professional fast-food company has about 800, chain fast-food enterprises no less than 5,000, fast-food outlets more than 400,000. The annual demand for French fries is surging at a rate of 5% to 10%. However, China's frozen French fries production enterprises are few, only a few. Among the larger scale by the U.S. Pacific and Beijing Farm Bureau set up by the Beijing Simplot Food Company, the annual production capacity of frozen French fries to reach 30,000t. Gansu Dingxi Golden Earth Industrial Company, the design capacity of 1,000t. It is understood that Inner Mongolia is calculated on an annual output of 15,000t of frozen French fries production line.
China's frozen French fries 90% rely on imports, the annual import volume of about 200,000t, import ports are mainly in Shanghai, Shenzhen, Shantou, Tianjin and other ports, in the form of warehouse tax imports. The price to the Chinese port is about 7~8 yuan/kg, the market price is about 10~11 yuan/kg.
According to the statistics, in 1998, our country from the United States imported frozen potatoes about 20,000t, amounting to 15.75 million U.S. dollars; in 1999, imports amounted to 50,000t, amounting to 50 million U.S. dollars.
Frozen fries in China has a huge market. The United States sells the Danglao North Asia vice president Ma Ziyi has said that by 2005, sells the Danglao will open 1,000 outlets in China, the annual sales of French fries 50,000t.
However, frozen potato fries processing and production of fresh potato varieties, the appearance of the higher, more stringent requirements. Requirements for the appearance of the potato is a long line, smooth skin, batch thin, bud eyes less shallow, not crisp after deep-frying, molding fast, protein and starch content to a certain ratio. China's current processing potato varieties, the shortage of production, resulting in the development of frozen potato fries production in our country has been limited to a certain extent.
2 China's potato food market development prospects
According to the National Bureau of Statistics statistics, in 2001, China's gross national product of 9,693.3 billion yuan, the first half of 2002 for 4,553.6 billion yuan, has exceeded one trillion dollar mark. China's overall average level has entered the early stage of well-off, the development of the national economy, the income of the population can be distributed part of the increase will inevitably cause the national dietary structure and dietary habits of the changes to the development of the potato food market has created a huge market capacity. China's current annual per capita consumption of potato food compared with foreign advanced countries, there is still a huge gap. If 1.3 billion people per capita potato food 10kg calculation, the annual need for potato food about 1.3 million t. Visible, potato food in China there is a huge market demand and space.
The author believes that China's potato food can not be the main reason for rapid development:
One is the lack of high-quality specialized varieties to support, in addition to compound potato chips, other fried potato chips and frozen French fries on potato raw materials have stringent requirements, there is no certain number of specialized varieties of potato to support the development of China's potato food processing industry is very difficult.
The second is the lack of a certain number of suitable domestic processing machinery, for China such a large potato producing country, to develop China's potato food processing industry, there is no certain number and a certain level of technology processing machinery is impossible. The current introduction of equipment, although the level of production technology is relatively high, but because of the high price, can not be accepted by the majority of enterprises, not to mention the large-scale promotion. To solve this contradiction, only the development of our domestic processing equipment.
In recent years, China in the introduction of potato varieties, cultivation of research work has made significant progress. Also selected and bred a number of high starch, low reducing sugar, potato shape, suitable for starch, whole meal and fried food processing, and fresh potato export needs of the new varieties, such as No. 7, KXN No. 12, LongYuanYuan 3, No. 5, in potato, No. 3, and LuYuan1, DongNong303, and so on.
In the past 10 years, China's potato detoxification seed potato development is very rapid, detoxification potato cultivation area to reach 25 million hm2, accounting for about 20% of the total area of the potato, a strong contribution to the improvement of the level of potato production.
In addition, many foreign potato detoxification planting companies have begun to enter China. Australia's Tyneco will build a joint venture with Kunming Huajie to establish a potato seed potato company. The world-famous potato fries producer Dell of Germany began to invest in the development of China's seed potato market, cultivate potato special processing varieties.
PepsiCo has its own specialized farms in Hainan and other places to cultivate potato processing varieties.
All of the above can gradually solve the special needs of China's potato food processing in the supply of multiple raw materials.
Potato food processing is a high profit project. In addition, it can also drive the potato planting area potato variety improvement, yield improvement, increase the income of farmers, promote the development of regional economy, the development of the west has great political significance and economic significance.
Potato food is a new type of processing industry, in our country has extremely broad prospects. (
Respondent: r059
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