An introduction to the multimedia technology teaching of Chinese veterinary medicine
Abstract: Chinese veterinary medicine is a comprehensive course that introduces the basic knowledge and basic skills of Chinese veterinary medicine, and it is an important professional course for animal medicine majors. Multimedia technology, as one of the means of modern education, has been widely used in the teaching process of Chinese veterinary medicine and has become an important tool to assist teaching. While providing convenient services for teaching, it also brings certain negative effects on education and teaching quality. In order to minimize the negative impact of multimedia technology, the author combined with some experience in the teaching of Chinese veterinary medicine, the advantages and disadvantages of multimedia technology in Chinese veterinary medicine to think and summarize, and put forward some corresponding countermeasures, aiming to improve the effectiveness and quality of teaching Chinese veterinary medicine.
Keywords: multimedia; Chinese veterinary medicine; advantages and disadvantages; countermeasures
Since the 21st century, with the continuous development of computer and multimedia technology, multimedia teaching gradually replaced the traditional teaching methods, and has become a means and methods of modern education. Multimedia teaching updates and optimizes the teaching means to enrich the teaching content, mobilizes the students' various sensory functions, so as to make the students' learning more image, vivid and colorful [1]. At present, multimedia technology has been widely used in various teaching. The application of multimedia technology to the teaching of Chinese veterinary medicine also has advantages. For example, the theory of Chinese veterinary medicine is abstract, fuzzy, obscure and difficult to understand, in the teaching process, the use of the form of the board book is often difficult to express clearly, if the use of images, animation and other forms, it can be visualized, so as to deepen the students' understanding and memory. However, in the process of teaching Chinese veterinary medicine found that multimedia technology in the teaching to bring convenience at the same time, but also brought a lot of problems. According to years of teaching experience, the group discussed the advantages and problems of multimedia in the teaching of Chinese veterinary medicine, and put forward some countermeasures to solve the problem for the reference of relevant teaching personnel.
1 multimedia technology in the teaching of Chinese veterinary medicine in the application of the advantages
Chinese veterinary medicine is an important professional course of animal medicine. Through the study of this course, students have the ability to independently analyze and prevent and control livestock and poultry diseases, and can implement ? Inherit and carry forward the heritage of the motherland veterinary medicine? the policy of developing livestock production and improving people's quality of life [2]. The content of Chinese veterinary medicine course is large in knowledge, and the theoretical part is abstract, obscure and difficult to understand. The traditional teaching method is that the teacher mainly explains through the board, specimens, wall charts, models and so on. Multimedia technology can make the content of the course into multimedia courseware, so that the text and images, animation and other combinations, so that the obscure, difficult to understand the content in the form of courseware intuitive, and vivid image of the expression. Therefore, multimedia technology in the process of teaching veterinary medicine reflects the unique advantages.
1.1 The teaching of abstract basic theory visualization, conducive to student understanding
In the past, the teaching of veterinary medicine, text expression is the main means of teaching, because the theoretical knowledge of Chinese veterinary medicine has a strong discursive, abstract, boring content, coupled with the text of the esoteric, the students in the understanding of a certain degree of difficulty, ? A chalk, a handout? The traditional teaching methods can not meet the current teaching situation [3]. If the lectures can be combined with relevant pictures, animations to explain and describe, the abstract basic theories can become intuitive, easy to understand, not only can stimulate the students' interest in learning, but also promote the students' understanding and grasp of knowledge. For example, the doctrine of yin and yang this part of the content of the lecture, the concept of yin and yang and classification, can be expressed in pictures to the sun for the sun, the back of the sun for the yin, and then on this basis to extend the universe can be divided into yin and yang; explain the theory of yin and yang of the basic content, can be used to assist in the interpretation of taijitu; explanation of the doctrine of the five elements, the first in the multimedia textbooks to draw the relationship between the five elements of the map, the class around the map to explain in detail; talk about meridians and meridians, can not only stimulate students' interest in learning, can also promote students' understanding and grasp of the knowledge. Detailed explanation; speaking meridians, with the flow of blood in the twelve meridians in the dynamic image; speaking mouth color, tongue color, tongue, tongue shape through the picture display; speaking pulse, the available dynamic image to express the changes in the pulse; speaking of the six diseases, can be matched with the natural world of the six qi and the six diseases caused by the disease picture, to talk about. Through the above methods, the image will be vividly presented to the students. For example, when talking about the concoction of traditional Chinese medicine, various concoctions can be illustrated with pictures or videos, so that the students will have a deeper impression; when talking about commonly used herbs, pictures can be used to illustrate the morphology of traditional Chinese medicine before harvest and after concocting, so that the images will be vivid; when identifying two or several kinds of traditional Chinese medicines which have similar morphology but different medicinal effects, the similarities and differences between traditional Chinese medicines can be summarized in the form of pictures, so that the students can easily understand and recognize the differences. Summarize, easy for students to understand and remember. In addition, when talking about acupuncture, you can play the video of "Ancient Needle" by Mr. Yu Boat in advance to show the effect of acupuncture vividly and stimulate the students' interest in learning.
1.3 can stimulate students' interest in learning
The traditional teaching mode of Chinese veterinary medicine, in terms of content and method are more monotonous, boring dogmatic teaching. Students' learning interest and enthusiasm is not high, lack of passion for learning [4]. Multimedia teaching can effectively overcome this problem. Through multimedia technology, the abstract content and boring language explanation can become intuitive, image, not only can attract students' attention, but also can stimulate students' desire for knowledge and interest in learning, so as to achieve the best teaching effect. For example, in the basic theory of qi, blood and fluid part of the lecture, can be invisible in the animal body, the abstract ? Qi? , combined with the real gases in nature, explain the state of qi, and then combined with the qigong health care in the present life, explain the function of qi. The explanation is accompanied by relevant pictures, so that the abstract and vain qi? Qi? The Qigong is a very important part of the Qigong system, and it is a very important part of the Qigong system, and it is a very important part of the Qigong system, and it is a very important part of the Qigong system.
1.4 Expanding teaching knowledge and enriching classroom content
In recent years, the number of hours of Chinese veterinary medicine courses has been greatly compressed and reduced. Take Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University as an example, "Chinese Veterinary Medicine" was gradually compressed from 120 hours in the 1990s to the current 64 hours. For the Chinese veterinary medicine such a broad and profound subject, want to finish the course content in a limited number of hours, and to ensure that students can learn and apply the Chinese veterinary medicine, the Chinese veterinary medicine lecturer is undoubtedly a challenge, and the traditional way of lecturing slower progress, has been unable to meet the needs of modern teaching. The use of multimedia teaching, before the class can be produced in advance courseware, in the lecture process, click the mouse to complete the teaching process, the need for less board [5]. In addition, the abstract and boring content is visualized in the form of pictures or images, which can also greatly save the time of verbal description and explanation, and promote students' understanding of the teaching content. Therefore, teachers can teach more contents to students in the same time and speed up the pace of lectures. In addition, teachers can also appropriately add some of the cutting-edge research results, such as the effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of viral diseases in animals and the application of acupuncture technology in the field of veterinary medicine in foreign countries. This broadens students' horizons and expands their knowledge, increases the breadth and depth of students' learning, and enriches the teaching content.
1.5 Repeatability
Traditional teaching methods, each class needs to board, the same content in different classes when teaching also need to repeat the board, the labor is relatively large. While teaching through multimedia courseware, reusable courseware, only need to produce once, in the lecture process, click the mouse, can replace a large number of board. In addition, multimedia courseware additions, deletions and updates are relatively easy to meet the need to update or add or delete knowledge points, only need to change in the original courseware can be, do not need to re-produce the courseware, the workload is small, you can greatly save teachers in the production of courseware on the time consumed, so that the teacher has more time and energy to engage in research work.
2 multimedia technology in the teaching of veterinary medicine in the application of the shortcomings
Multimedia technology applied to the teaching of veterinary medicine in the traditional teaching of the incomparable superiority, the solution to the previous teaching of difficult to make clear the abstract, withered content, mobilized the students' enthusiasm for learning, and improve the effectiveness of teaching. For this reason, some teachers are highly respected for multimedia teaching, and even include the use of multimedia teaching tools as one of the criteria for evaluating classes. Although multimedia teaching has a series of advantages, but in teaching, the main body is the students, if too much reliance on multimedia technology, sometimes it will play the opposite effect, thus producing disadvantages.
2.1 Anti-customer, ignoring the leading role of the teacher
At present, most of the multimedia courseware are teaching demonstration-type courseware, courseware for the teacher's own production, and some teachers in order to save trouble, directly with other teachers to produce courseware, or only a small amount of modification. As a result, teachers are not familiar enough with the content of the courseware, lack a certain degree of flexibility in grasping the content of the lecture, and have a rigid mode of teaching, some of which are basically reading the courseware without interacting with the students or having their own teaching style, limiting their thinking to the multimedia courseware, and students lose interest in this kind of teaching as well, do not take notes in the classroom, do not listen to the lecture carefully, either playing with their cell phones or sleeping, and after the class, they copy the courseware of the teacher. The students lose interest in this kind of teaching. As a result, the teacher has become a computer operator from the previous knowledge disseminator, without personality.
2.2 Weakening students' initiative in the classroom
Multimedia courseware can combine boring text with vivid images and videos, aiming to stimulate students' learning enthusiasm and initiative. But in the actual teaching process, some teachers from the beginning of the class, in accordance with the content of the courseware to start, until the next class, there is no pause in the middle, did not leave enough time for students to think, and some teachers will even only stare at their own display in front of them, clicking the mouse, read their own courseware. Such multimedia teaching, to a certain extent, bound the thinking of students, and due to the lack of communication and exchange between teachers and students, each student in the classroom to participate in and show the opportunity is greatly reduced, not only so that teachers fail to grasp the students' learning dynamics, the degree of understanding of the knowledge learned, but also make students easily fatigue, inattention, easy to desert, and even sleepy. Over time, teaching has become another sense of ? Fill in the duck type? Education, wiping out the students' interest in learning and enthusiasm. In this way, the invisible teacher will be the student's way of thinking restricted to the fixed framework of the courseware, long-term, the student's learning initiative is bound to be different degrees of adverse effects.
2.3 The amount of information is too large for students to fully grasp
Multimedia courseware can store a lot of information, which is one of the major advantages of multimedia teaching. However, some teachers in the production of multimedia courseware, afraid of the content of the thin, or afraid of not prepared for the class, so the content related to teaching, regardless of the main and secondary, all into the courseware, resulting in the courseware to accommodate a large amount of information. In addition, because the courseware is made in advance, in the classroom only need to click the mouse can be screened, the need for the board is very little, which leads to the same time to increase the content of the lecture, not conducive to the students in the classroom to digest the knowledge taught by the teacher, and the students due to the progress is too fast, resulting in insufficient time to make good notes to the after-school review to bring about certain difficulties. In addition, multimedia courseware set of graphics, text, sound, animation, video in one, giving students a strong stimulus, easy to distract students' attention, but also easy to make the students can not grasp the focus, so as to ignore the content of the knowledge expressed in the animation, pictures, etc. [6].
3 Multimedia teaching in the adoption of coping strategies
Although multimedia technology has greatly improved the traditional teaching problems, so that the classroom content has become very rich, but it must be emphasized that multimedia technology is only a teaching aid, the main body of the classroom is still the students, not the classroom, and at the same time can not be ignored the leading role of teachers in the classroom. Therefore, teachers should be careful and meticulous teaching design, so that multimedia technology really serves the teaching of veterinary medicine, so as to improve the quality of teaching, in order to obtain the best teaching results.3.1 Teachers should still play a leading role in multimedia is the teacher in the classroom teaching demonstration tools, is an auxiliary teaching methods, not the main body of the classroom. And students are the center of classroom teaching, teachers are the guides of teaching.
In the teaching process, teachers should be clear about their leading role in the classroom, to prevent the teaching ideas are swayed by multimedia [7]. For example, when talking about the six evils causing disease, first mark the six evils on a piece of courseware, and then inspire students, what are the characteristics of the six qi in nature, first let everyone think about it, and then the next piece of courseware, write the nature of the six evils, and then according to the nature of the six evils, inspire students to speculate on the disease-causing properties of the six evils, and then finally make a generalization to summarize the results, so as to guide the students to go deeper and deeper gradually. When talking about blood and fluid, first put the blood and fluid in the body in the form of pictures in one courseware, inspire students to use modern medical viewpoints to analyze the source and role of blood and fluid, and then write the source and physiological function of blood and fluid in Chinese veterinary medicine in another courseware, and then summarize the differences and similarities of blood and fluid in Chinese and western veterinary medicine. Therefore, the teacher should take the role of a guide in the classroom, give full play to his leading role in teaching, and let the students follow their own ideas and go deeper step by step. In this way, the best teaching effect can be achieved.
3.2 Fully mobilize students in the classroom learning enthusiasm
Teachers should be scientific and reasonable design of multimedia courseware, to strengthen the interaction between teachers and students and the regulation of the classroom atmosphere, so that the classroom atmosphere has become active, and should not focus on talking about their own class, thus ignoring the students' classroom performance, so that the students are silent. Only in this way can we better utilize the advantages of multimedia teaching. For example, when talking about viscera identification, you can first explain to the students a few cases, and then pick out a few cases, let the students to speak, the teacher next to the appropriate guidance, and make the appropriate evaluation in due course; in the eight syllabus identification, can be often encountered in daily life of colds, fever, diarrhea and other illnesses, so that the students to analyze their own, belongs to what the evidence, how to treat, so that the theory and practice are closely integrated, but also to enhance the fun! This can not only make the theory and practice closely integrated, but also enhance the fun; in the talk about acupuncture, you can play some of the use of acupuncture to cure the video, and then with the explanation, or play a paragraph, pause for a while, waiting for students to ask questions, and then answer. Through these measures, to fully mobilize students in the classroom learning enthusiasm, so as to achieve the desired teaching effect.
3.3 Multimedia courseware content should be appropriate
Although multimedia teaching can enrich the teaching content, but its content is not easy too much. If the content is too much, the teacher in the lecture process is very easy to unconsciously speed up, resulting in the students' thinking can not keep up with the teacher's explanation, so that the students do not understand the content of the lecture is not deep enough or no understanding at all. A good multimedia courseware should be able to make a concise summary of the content of the textbook and generalization, to distinguish between the main and secondary. For example, in the physiological function of the five organs, only the main points can be written, the detailed explanation can be used to explain the language with the students, and do not have to write in the courseware; talk about the viscera identification, only the main evidence, the treatment and the formula can be written, the specific analysis of the language to describe.
In addition, the courseware can not be all a piece of text, to try to summarize the key points with less text, the purpose is to prevent teachers from over-reliance on courseware, to eliminate the phenomenon of only burying their heads to read the courseware; the second is to allow students to focus on notes, rather than the whole piece of notes, which is also conducive to the students' post-course review and consolidation. In addition, in multimedia teaching, the necessary board is the bridge of communication between teachers and students, should not be used to save the time of the board to overly increase the content of the teaching, but should be arranged for a certain amount of board time for students to think, understand and memorize. Therefore, the use of multimedia teaching must be the right amount of content, so that students have room to understand, digest and absorb what they have learned [8].
In conclusion, multimedia teaching has many advantages, although there are some defects, but the introduction of multimedia technology into the classroom teaching is still the inevitable trend of social development. However, multimedia technology is ultimately only a means to assist in teaching, in teaching must correctly handle the relationship between teachers and multimedia, always keep in mind that ? Students as the main body, the teacher as the leading, the means of assistance? The principle of multimedia teaching, make full use of multimedia teaching, to avoid the shortcomings, but also combined with the characteristics of Chinese veterinary medicine, to find out a new teaching mode suitable for Chinese veterinary medicine, so as to improve the quality of Chinese veterinary medicine teaching and teaching effect [4]. Listed in the article, just in the teaching process of the initial practice and experience, is not mature enough, there may be errors, how to better use multimedia courseware to assist the teaching of Chinese veterinary medicine, to be continued by Chinese veterinary educators continue to explore and practice.
References:
[1] Yang Xuguo. Analysis of pros and cons of multimedia-assisted teaching[J]. Computer Knowledge and Technology,2014,10(12):2859-2860.
[2]Hu Yuanliang. Chinese veterinary medicine [M]. Science Press,2013,1-7.
[3]Lu DZ, Ma XW, Zhang YH, Zhang DG. Application of multimedia technology in the teaching of veterinary surgery[J]. Aquaculture Technology Consultant,2013,11,267-269.
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Animal husbandry and veterinary graduation thesis article 2
Try to talk about the veterinary laboratory informationization management
Abstract: The technical level of veterinary laboratories is generally improved, but the laboratory informationization management way is in the beginning stage, this paper from the veterinary laboratory work characteristics, veterinary laboratory management elements of informationization, laboratory informationization Structure aspects of the veterinary laboratory informationization management is explored and elaborated.
Keywords: veterinary laboratory; informatization
In recent years, the level of veterinary laboratory research continues to improve, many veterinary laboratories are equipped with professional technicians, advanced instrumentation, but veterinary laboratory informatization management is still in its infancy. The use of computers, networks and other information technology means of business management has been widely used in other industries, such as hospital information management systems, banking and financial management systems, etc., veterinary laboratory information management will become very necessary management.
1 veterinary laboratory work characteristics of informatization
The specificity of veterinary work, determines the veterinary laboratory management of its own characteristics, veterinary laboratory there are sampling difficulties, sample preservation difficulties, experimental research quantitative analysis is more difficult and other characteristics of the veterinary laboratory personnel often go out to sample, experimental information decentralization, is not conducive to the efficient operation of laboratory management.
The use of information technology means of management of veterinary laboratories, can significantly improve efficiency, veterinary laboratory management process, at any time to produce a large amount of data, including sample information, experimental results, instrumentation records, etc., in the past the use of manual statistics and records, not conducive to the operation of experimental personnel, prone to errors, the use of computerized automated records and management, can greatly shorten the time of the experimental personnel records. At the same time, improve the accuracy of the experimental results record. In the veterinary laboratory work, immediate experimental records is to ensure that the experiment is carried out correctly and experimental comparative analysis of important means, but the use of traditional paper records, to bring inconvenience to the experimental operation, but also for the laboratory biosafety risk, imagine that when the veterinary experiments, the operation of bacterial and viral, frequent experimental records, will be experimental records for the media to bring the risk of spreading pathogenic microorganisms, the use of the LIMS system solves this problem, in the experimental process, laboratory personnel through the laboratory dedicated computer login laboratory information management system, enter the experimental process records and experimental results, at the same time, but also access to the experimental methodology standards, to-do tasks, real-time reception to the laboratory information system operation prompts, all the data passed through the LAN, to avoid the risk of hazardous biological factors overflow.
In veterinary laboratory management, there is also the problem of interconnection of experimental management elements, such as a sample needs to carry out a number of experiments, whether the sample volume to meet the laboratory reagents, consumables, how to reasonably allocate, how to reasonably arrange the length of time for different experimental projects, how to equip experimental instrumentation, etc., all of these aspects can be quickly resolved through the Laboratory Information System (LIMS). With LIMS connected to the instruments and equipment, experimental personnel can not always stay at the side of the instrument to carry out experiments, can remotely control the instruments and equipment, read the results of experiments, and when the instruments and equipment are in an unexpected situation, the system automatically alarms, which improves the efficiency of experiments. The laboratory management system is connected to the monitoring device, you can remotely monitor the laboratory temperature, humidity, pressure and other environmental conditions, for laboratory maintenance and management to provide a strong protection.
2 veterinary laboratory management elements of informatization
Veterinary laboratory management includes a variety of management elements, including personnel, instrumentation, methods, materials, reagents, consumables, the environment, etc., the establishment of the system before the veterinary laboratory management from the various elements of the examination, put forward the needs, in particular, the management of the laboratory process, due to the large number of species of animals, the study of animal diseases involves a As a result of a wide range of animal species, animal disease research involves a huge amount of veterinary laboratory management data is also very large, the use of traditional paper records of the workload is huge, in addition, regardless of the monitoring and diagnosis of animal diseases or to carry out veterinary scientific research, we need to accumulate certain data and information, and scientific classification of disease information, analysis, summarization, generalization, which requires scientific and efficient management of laboratory information, this management involves a number of aspects, including: experimental record information, storage information, storage information and other information, including: experimental record information, storage information, storage information, and so on. Including: experimental record information, storage information, extraction of eligible information; analysis of the extracted experimental information, to draw the correct inference, the traditional paper records can not realize the information *** enjoy and efficient comparison, the need for paper information manually entered into the system to analyze the need for a large number of manual operations, the information management system system solves the problem of experiments at the same time, it can be the experimental The various elements of the all-round record, timely comparative analysis.
3 veterinary laboratory information technology structure
The establishment of veterinary laboratory information management system, the need to implement in accordance with laboratory management standards, ISO/IEC17025:2005 "testing and calibration laboratory capacity of the General Requirements" and GB/T19489-2008 "Laboratory General Requirements for Biosafety" as a guideline, the ISO 17025 standard is the international standard for laboratory management, the ISO17025 standard is the international standard for laboratory management, the ISO17025 standard is the international standard for laboratory management, the ISO17025 standard is the international standard for laboratory management. ISO17025 standard is the international common laboratory management standard, by China's National Accreditation Board CNAS as the accreditation body, through the CNAS ISO17025 accredited laboratories are also the same international recognition. Construction of the veterinary laboratory information management system means a major change in the original laboratory management, laboratory personnel need to break the original work mode, to adapt to the new operating procedures, the laboratory departments need to take into account the overall situation and coordination of work, so the system in the implementation of the development of the system before the start from the actual situation of the work of veterinary laboratories, a detailed analysis of the needs to ensure that on the one hand, the system function is perfect, and on the other hand, also promote the development and debugging process. On the other hand, it also promotes the development and debugging process smoothly.
The system covers the field information, to achieve which functions, the connection between the projects, etc., the analysis of the system is divided into which functional modules. Veterinary laboratory technical level can use B / S (browser / server) architecture, that is, laboratory personnel through the browser to log in to the veterinary laboratory information system interface for operation, customer service C / S (client / server) architecture drawbacks, convenient program maintenance and upgrading, not subject to the user terminal limitations, to ensure that the server stability and data security. Web services using open Apache-tomcat server, database using O-racle database or MySQL database, the use of Java language development, the system is more flexible, strong compatibility. Java program can be developed in accordance with the entity layer, JSP interaction layer, data access layer, the logical layer of the program structure.
4 Conclusion
Veterinary laboratory information management system, not only can the laboratory staff to provide convenience, but also for the laboratory of all-round standardized management to provide a powerful means to ensure that the laboratory management system to operate normally, and can be continuously improved for veterinary experimental data statistical analysis to provide an efficient and accurate method, so the development of laboratory information management system in line with the situation of veterinary laboratory is very necessary. Therefore, the development of laboratory information management system in line with the situation of veterinary laboratories is very necessary.
References:
[1] Guo Baiwei, et al. Research and development of laboratory information management system[J]. Computer Engineering and Application.2003, 39:194-196.
[2]Yao Dongyun. Conceptualization of digital management in nursing laboratory[J]. Health Career Education, 2010, 23:89-90.
[3]Wei Q, et al. Construction and management of laboratory information management system in Chinese disease prevention and control organizations[J]. Disease Surveillance, 2008, 10:599-601.
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