Jena is famous for its optical industry and is the center of optical precision instrument manufacturing in Germany, with the Carl Zeiss factory and the Schott glass factory. Nowadays, whenever one mentions Jena - a city located in the German state of Thuringia - one may immediately associate it with the expensive glass lenses used in optical instruments.
As early as 1846, Carl Zeiss established its own precision glass factory. After establishing his own workshop for precision optical instruments in 1846, Carl Zeiss not only owned his own business, but also made Jena's reputation, Carl Zeiss? Carl Zeiss? The Carl Zeiss Jena trademark has been internationally recognized ever since. But for this city in the green heart of Germany, there is much more to be said about it than just Zeiss products. Many Chinese may not know Jena, but most of them have heard of another name associated with it, Zeiss, is known for the production of high-quality lenses and precision optical instruments of the German Zeiss company. The world's earliest cameras use is the Zeiss lens, the world's many laboratories in the use of optical instruments are Zeiss lenses, even today's highest level of camera manufacturing technology of the Japanese company, its cameras such as Sony cameras on the same use of Zeiss lenses. The famous German Zeiss company was born in Jena.
Carl Zeiss, an apprentice who only graduated from high school, was interested in optics and chemistry for many years, and after completing his apprenticeship, Carl was a longtime auditor at the local University of Jena. 1846, at the age of 30, Carl started a workshop, and his early products were magnifying lenses and simple microscopes. Thanks to two great scientists, Ernst Abbe and Otto Schott, the quality of optical lenses from the Zeiss factory remained at the forefront. The production plant in Dresden before World War II was the largest camera factory in the world in terms of production. Near the end of World War II, General Patton's III Corps occupied Jena, and since the Yalta Treaty stipulated that the position of the American army had to be moved backward and to the west, Germany was split in two, and Jena and Dresden were all occupied by Soviet troops. The "Carl Zeiss Jena" logo soon reappeared under the auspices of the University of Jena. The 126 key Zeiss executives and technicians who had been taken away by Patton also re-established their factory in Oberkochen in the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) with the support of the United States. Carl Zeiss was also reborn in a "capitalist" society, and the Zeiss factory was split in two. The East German products were named Carl Zeiss Jena. Carl Zeiss Jena. Jena) history called "East Zeiss", West Germany's products named Carl Zeiss, history called "West Zeiss", East and West Zeiss are labeled as Zeiss authentic, in fact, both sides in the design of the Zeiss tradition. It is this competition that makes Zeiss more perfect in optical technology.
1998 Carl Zeiss is the world's leading manufacturer of optical instruments, with leading positions in microscopy and industrial measurement technology, high-performance lenses for microchip fabrication, surgical microscopy, and ophthalmic diagnostic and therapeutic systems.2000 The Carl Zeiss Group broke through with 26 segments, focusing its business on four growth markets: semiconductor process and microelectronics, life sciences, eye protection, and medical technology. microelectronics, life sciences, eye protection, and industrial measurement technology.2000 Carl Zeiss is confident about the future of semiconductor processes. So Carl Zeiss invested in a new factory in Oberkochen, one of the most modern in Europe, for the manufacture of optical lithography systems and set new standards. Later, this new plant covered an area of 45,000 square meters and employed around 1,000 people.2001 Starting in October, the Semiconductor Processes business unit was renamed Carl Zeiss SMT AG as an independently operated company under the Carl Zeiss umbrella.2002 The Ophthalmology division and Ascleption-Meditec AG merged to become Carl Zeiss Meditec AG, so that Carl Zeiss SMT AG became a subsidiary of Carl Zeiss AG. Meditec AG and thus the Carl Zeiss Group had its first listed branch. Not only did Zeiss create many jobs, but he was also a patron of the city's National Hall with its huge concert hall and built a new main building for the university.
The Carl Zeiss Group also had a famous glass factory, the Schott Glass Works. Schott Glaswerke AG was a German factory that manufactured optical glass. Schott was a glass chemist with a Ph.D. In 1879 Ernst Abbey collaborated with Otto Schott and soon after in 1886 produced a new type of glass that fully expressed Abbey's sinusoidal theory. This new glass blazed a new trail for the objectives of the new microscope: achromats (Apochromates). Schott specialized in the production of glass for the new Carl Zeiss microscopes, and in 1884 a full-scale factory was established under the ownership of Zeiss, Abbey, and Schott, called the Jena Schott & Genossen Optical Factory. Jena glass thus became the most famous glass in the world.
Jena is not only home to Carl Zeiss, but also to Jena Optik, which also shares the same name with Zeiss and has since risen to prominence, Schott, which produces high-quality glass, and Wacker-Schott, which makes silicon wafers for solar cells, as well as dozens of research institutes and universities featuring research and development in optics and laser technology. The city of Jena has a population of just over 100,000, but the number of people engaged in the manufacture of optical products, research and development and related products is nearly 10,000, and more than 40% of Germany's exports of optical and laser products come from Jena, so Jena deserves its reputation as the optical capital of Germany. Jena is a real university city, many of the pedestrians around you are students of this university. The beautiful European architecture, the high-tech industry and the traditional philosophical atmosphere give the city a strong cultural flavor. In particular, the University of Jena, one of the oldest universities in Germany, adds to the charm of the city with its classical and modern buildings scattered throughout the city.
The full name of the University of Jena is Friedrich Schiller University of Jena (Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena) is located in the city of Jena, Thuringia, Germany, formerly known as the University of Jena, was founded in 1558, is one of Germany's oldest universities; in 1934, renamed Friedrich Schiller University in honor of the German poet Friedrich Schiller. honor the German poet Friedrich Schiller. The optics program at the University of Jena has a long and distinguished history. The Master of Arts in German (DaF) is ranked among the ten best master's programs in Germany. The Friedrich Schiller University of Jena is a public university, founded in 1558, which around 1800 became the center of German idealism during the German "classical period" and received high world honors. Scientists, philosophers, freethinkers, student associations, radical undergraduates, and pioneering revolutionary thinkers, together they forged the "Jena spirit", which was once avant-garde and formidable. Jena has a long history not only of invention but also of political activity.
The University of Jena also has much to offer. The oldest city maps in the world are preserved in the collections of the University of Jena; one of the most powerful laser institutes in the world was founded in the research center of the University of Jena; Hegel taught philosophy here; brain wave mapping was developed at the University of Jena; and the new library is one of the most beautiful and modern in Germany.
Karl Marx was awarded a doctorate by the University of Jena. Jena had become a model socialist city.
In the 18th century Jena was indeed comparable to London and Paris. For this "intellectual and scientific center" - a title given by Goethe - held almost all the stature and glory of Germany. Hegel, Fichte and Schelling, and the brothers Schiller and Schlegel taught at the university, and H?lderlin, Novalis and Brentano sat in the lecture classes. Their names represent the glorious period of German classicism and romanticism. Not to be forgotten is also the natural scientist Ernst Haeckel, probably the most important evolutionary theorist after Darwin. In the house of the publisher Ernst. In the house of the publisher Ernst Fr?hmann - today's site of the Germanic Academy of Arts and Letters - many scholars came to tea. The philosopher Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel was a regular visitor, except that when Napoleon's army arrived in Jena, he was still carrying his philosophical tome Phenomenology under his armpit.
The nostalgia for a bygone era is what keeps pedestrians walking the streets of Jena coming back for more. That's because the city and the university campus are as much a part of each other as they used to be. In particular, the pedestrianized areas of the Old Town are populated by university students. The combination of old and new is reflected in the artistic style of the new university's high-tech glass buildings. The new university campus is located on the site of the former Zeiss factory in the center of the city. It harmonizes with the old church and the truss architecture of the toy house.
The university town of Jena in Thüringen is multifaceted. Modern buildings with modern designs blend harmoniously with the old buildings that showcase Jena's traditions and history. Jena is silhouetted by the city's symbols, the majestic Jen-Tower and the late-Gothic St. Michael's City Church. Other historic buildings that are also worth seeing are the Old Town Hall, the Johannistor and its Gunpowder Tower, the Collegium Jenense and the main university building. The beautiful old town hall in the market place is two buildings joined together, it is very solid and with a baroque truss tower, one of the oldest town halls in Germany. The main attraction is the "Schnapphans" in the octagonal tower's artistic clock, a painted oak figure that pecks at a ball in front of it every hour of the day.
Jena is considered the "cradle of the optical industry" thanks to the influence of Carl Zeiss, Ernst Abbe and Otto Schott. For this reason, many of the museums in Jena are dedicated to history and future-oriented developments in this branch of industry. The Optischen Museum, the Zeiss-Planetarium and the Schott-Glasmuseum all have exhibitions on related subjects. The Stadtmuseum shows people the city's history and modern works of art, while the achievements of zoologist Ernst Haeckel are on display at the university's Phyletisches Museum (Biological Gateway). Optisches Museum Jena
Since 1965, the Optisches Museum Jena has comprehensively displayed the results of the collaboration between Carl Zeiss, physicist Ernst Abbe and glass technologist Otto Schott. The museum illustrates the cultural history and technical development of optical instruments over 500 years. The exhibition in the museum begins with documents and information about Zeiss, Abbe and Schott. The simple microscope, Abbe's aperture meter and Schott's experiments in glass technology link the scientific achievements of these three men. The museum houses a large number of exhibits, ranging from electron microscopes, stereomicroscopes and reflecting telescopes. The museum displays one of the largest collections of eyeglasses in all of Europe, as well as telescopes, microscopes, photographic equipment from all eras, from photographic darkrooms to digital cameras, and many other exhibits. From reading glasses to cosmic telescopes, one can see almost anything related to optics here. The exhibition "The Old Zeiss Factory of 1866" shows the early days of the optical industry in Jena. The holographic photography collection and the world's only exhibition on astronomical technology show the development of modern optics. The Stadtmuseum Jena, located in the neo-Gothic complex on the market square, showcases the city's history and modern art collection.
Located in the beautiful Saaletal valley, Jena is undoubtedly a city of art and culture. Famous poets and thinkers have been drawn to it and left their mark here. Visitors can experience romance in the House of the Romantics or in Schiller's cottage in the garden. The theatre, the Short Art Stage and the Harald-Seime-Pantomime-Theater will organize modern cultural events.
Romantikerhaus
This former philosopher's home is now a literary museum, the Romantikerhaus. The exhibition tells the story of Jena's early Romantics in the context of its cultural and spiritual history, and explains why famous literary critics, natural scientists and philosophers (such as Fichte and Schelling), and poets (such as Schiller) were magically drawn to Jena. Visitors to Jena would do well to experience modern theater at the Theaterhaus Jena in Schillerg?chen. The small artistic stage on Teutonengasse offers a wide variety of colorful shows, while the Pantomime-Theater Harald Seime brings the best of mime to the stage. Located in the beautiful Saaletal valley, Jena is undoubtedly a city of art and culture. Famous poets and thinkers have been attracted to it and left their mark here. Visitors can experience romance in the House of the Romantics or in Schiller's cottage in the garden. The theatre, the Short Art Stage and the Harald-Seime-Pantomime-Theater organize modern cultural events.
In addition to special cultural slots, the university town hosts many other colorful events throughout the year, including musical performances ranging from Dixieland to jazz, city festivals, sports events and special events. The highlights are the Museumsnacht, the Old Town Festival and the Tavern Festival. In addition, the Experimentarium Imaginata offers a wide range of attractive events. The "Horizontale" is a 100-kilometer-long cycle path around Jena that passes through forested mountain terrain and attractive chert slopes. On the Horizontale, one can take in the beauty of the university town of Jena on the Saale, and even discover for oneself the orchids that are native to the region.
In 2008, Jena was awarded the title of "Science City" in competition with many other German cities. Just like in the Zeiss era, science and economy are back together in Jena. Within a short period of time, the "new boomtown" of Thuringia opened its stock exchange with a higher turnover than Frankfurt am Main, the financial capital of western Germany. According to McKinsey & Company, the city is ranked among the top three innovation centers in Germany, after Munich and before Dresden. Friedrich Schiller University Friedrich Schiller University, with its 6,300 employees, is Thuringia's largest employer, and the surrounding area is home to renowned research institutes. Companies such as Jena Optik, Sauter Jena Glass, Jena Pharmaceuticals and Leica Microsystems or institutions such as the Rhenish Institute for Biological Research add to the city's entrepreneurial history.