Taipei 101 building initial plan (in 1995 when) for the construction of two large-scale buildings of more than thirty floors. 1997 decided to use the BOT method. At this time, the plan was changed to three buildings, financial trading facilities and public financial services each a low-rise building, the other for a high-rise building, 59 floors, about 290M, positioned to surpass the Xinguang skyscraper, a new landmark in Taipei.
1997.07.12. Public bidding, by the China Development Corporation of the United Nations a number of consortiums, than double the reserve price of $ 20.6 billion 88.89 million won the bid .
After winning the bid, China Development established the Taipei Financial Building Corporation as the company responsible for the project. The building was designed by Lee Joo-won Architects.
At this time, the volume of the original three buildings was combined into a single high-rise. The eight-sectioned shape of the building is now seen, 101 floors high, the height of 488 M. Later, the top design was changed, the total height increased to 508 M, and it was finally publicly declared as the world's tallest building.
Since then, there have been aviation height problems and some minor fires, but they have all been solved in the end. The worst is 2002.03.31. the big earthquake, when the steel structure to cover the height of about 56 floors, fixed on the high floor of the four tower cranes (crane) two were shaken down, resulting in the death of five workers, and there are 16 people with minor and serious injuries, the two tower cranes a smashed into the Songzhi Road, crushing a lot of cars and injuries to the public, and another smashed through the podium roof (light cover). The accident forced the city government to order a partial shutdown of the towers until 07.04.07, before the full resumption of work, making the completion of the time delayed.
After the resumption of construction, the Taipei International Finance Center was officially renamed TAIPEI 101, and continued to move toward its goal of being officially completed by the end of 2004.
In April 2004, General Manager Lin Hongming traveled to Chicago to attend a meeting of the World Tallest Building Council and was officially certified by the Council (CTBUH) as the world's tallest building.
TAIPEI 101 is the world's first multi-section skyscraper, designed by Lee Jo-Won Architects. Lee's admiration for classical oriental art and his expertise in blending oriental elements with western architecture is represented in TAIPEI 101. From the 27th floor to the 90th floor***64 floors, every 8 floors are divided into one section, one***8 sections, and the inverted trapezoidal square shape formed by every eight floors is derived from the Chinese word "Ding"; the upward curved line of the top floor of each section brings an upward atmosphere; the upward flower stamen-like shape symbolizes the rising Chinese culture and booming economy; the light cover on the top floor of the podium has the shape of the Chinese word "Ruyi"; and for the purpose of the previous "Financial Center", TAIPEI 101 has been designed to be a "financial center" with an emphasis on the "financial center". In order to reflect the previous theme of "financial center", the 24th to 27th floors are decorated with ancient coins with a diameter of nearly 4 floors; in addition, there are also traditional Chinese decorations everywhere, which show the concept of integrating Chinese culture with western technology.
In order to make the never-before-realized diagonal structure possible, the glass curtain wall is backed by a specially designed steel frame, with eight-story modules, which can also support the weight of the diagonal part of the floor, and which is resilient in order to cope with the shaking of earthquakes and typhoons.
In the past, many skyscrapers used a "barrel structure", such as the New York World Trade Center Twin Towers, the main support for the weight of the columns lined up along the building's exterior walls in a circle, forming a "barrel". This structure is cheaper, and less space, suitable for environmental conditions in good areas (New York does not have earthquakes), but less stable, in the 911 incident, can not withstand the high temperature of the aircraft impact and oil burning, so the collapse. TAIPEI 101's backbone for the building's eight giant columns, giant columns cross-section of 3M * 2.4M, filled with ultra-high-density concrete. TAIPEI 101's structure is much more stable than the former, and the main support is located in the interior to enable the entire floor by the glass curtain wall 360 ° surrounded by the equivalent of the entire floor is wrapped in glass, coupled with the external inclination of 7 ° of the glass curtain wall, there is a sense of condescension The glass curtain wall is inclined 7°, creating a sense of superiority and a broader view, making each floor like an observation deck. On the other hand, in the case of the New York World Trade Center, the 240 steel columns are densely packed into the facade, making the windows small, narrow, and long, with each window less than a foot wide.
The external slopes make it possible to create a balcony area every eight floors, which not only facilitates the setting of window washers (without having to hoist them down from dozens of floors), but more importantly has a refuge platform to facilitate high-rise escape in case of fire or other disasters, which is not possible in traditional skyscrapers with such a plentiful refuge platform. In addition, the floor with the smallest area at the bottom of each section is used as the equipment floor ("machine room", for example, to place air conditioning mainframe and other things), and naturally, there are advantages to having the equipment floors scattered among the floors of each office building, for example, pipelines don't have to run so far and so forth, but they have to deal with the problem of soundproofing. In a traditional skyscraper, the equipment floors are concentrated on specific floors. The equipment floors usually need to be ventilated, so they can't have glass curtain walls on the outside, and usually use metal shutters, which can damage the appearance of the building; the shutters on the equipment floors of the eight-story section of TAIPEI 101 will be covered by the "eaves" at the top of the section below, which solves some of the aesthetics problems, like this:
Flying Eaves → \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ Louver
Revacuation Platforms \ \ \ \ \ \ \ Equipment Level
Note: "Flying Eaves" is just a proxy for the section of stylized curtain wall on this site; the Chinese architectural term "Flying Eaves" refers to something else.
The L-shaped podium area surrounds the tower, ****6 floors, 63M high. The podium area is mainly a shopping mall, called TAIPEI 101 MALL, with a gorgeous interior design, including a forty-meter-high indoor plaza. Currently, the podium has been completed and opened, and the shopping center has been opened on November 14, 2003.
In order to cope with earthquakes and typhoons, TAIPEI 101 has the world's largest passive tuned mass damper (Tuned Mass Damper), which is the famous 660-ton steel ball, lifted from the 92nd floor to a height of about 88 floors with steel cables. This ball is normally used to offset the wind on the building to shake, let it slightly shake; and when a severe earthquake or typhoon, it can reduce the building's degree of shaking (inertia?). The ball will be used as a balloon. When it's finished, the ball will be decked out in all its splendor, and will become a theme for the indoor observation deck on the 89th floor.
The metal protrusions at the corners of the refuge platform act like lightning rods to protect against lateral lightning strikes. The metal protrusions also serve the purpose of installing aviation obstruction lights (small red lights that normally flash on buildings) and building decorative lights (white lights that flash). In addition, a lightning rod will be installed at 508M.
In order to quickly transport people up and down the stairs and reduce the number of elevator shafts (increase the usable floor space), TAIPEI 101 uses double-deck elevators, so that during peak hours, people who want to go up the stairs will have to queue up on the first floor for odd-numbered floors, and on the second floor for even-numbered floors.
In addition, in order to "divide the work" among the various elevators, like other skyscrapers, TAIPEI 101 has "transfer floors", which are located at 35.36F and 59.60F. For example, to go to floors 59~84, you have to take the direct elevator on the 1.2F to the 59.60F and then "transfer" to the short-range elevator. To the 35~58F, you have to take a direct elevator from the 1.2F to the 35.36F and then "transfer", this design is to minimize the number of floors each elevator stops at, so as to save everyone's time. This design is to minimize the number of floors each elevator stops at to save everyone time.
The current plan is that from the 9th floor to the 84th floor, excluding the equipment floors and conversion floors, the rest of the building should be leased offices. In order to have spacious office space, the floor-to-floor distance is four meters and two, and ice storage air-conditioning is used to reduce peak power consumption. The curtain wall is made of double-layer insulating glass, which is specially processed to reduce two-thirds of the heat transfer and save air-conditioning power. 6-centimeter network raised floor. The power is supplied simultaneously by the World Trade Substation and the Keesun Substation of Taiwan Power Company, ensuring the quality of power supply through dual substations and dual circuits. The emergency power supply system can meet 70% of basic needs, leaving room for expansion and maintaining 30% air conditioning. There are also two large fire refuge rooms on each equipment floor.
TAIPEI 101 has dual Observation Floors. Take the world's fastest elevator (1010M/min) from the 5th floor, and you can reach the indoor Observation Floors on the 89th floor in 37 seconds (the 90th floor is the equipment floor, which is covered by the first eave), and there is a world-renowned outdoor Observation Floors on the 91st floor.
The area of the 91st floor above the open-air observation deck is reduced, 91(indoor).92.93.94F is about half the length and width of 89F, 95F is reduced again, and then enlarged gradually, and then it is the largest in 100F, and then slightly reduced, and then enlarged slightly in 101F.
92~100F are expected to be used as equipment floors and to house communication equipment for government agencies such as the police and fire department, as well as private communication equipment.
(As the highest point of Taipei Basin, how can we not put some communication equipment?) (91F may have a part of the indoor space needed for open-air observation decks, such as elevators and walkways to communicate with 89F)
The floor height of 101F is 438M, and the height of the ROOF of the entire TAIPEI 101 building is 445.2M.(Note: another version is 448M)
The height of the roof of 101F to the top of the entire building is 60M, including the base of the spire and the hemisphere, which is the highest point in Taipei. Including the base of the spire and the hemispherical decoration, *** about 15M high, and then about 45M of the spire, adding up to 60M, the height of this section is about the same as 91F ~ 101F 57.4M. The cross-section of the minaret is square, with a side length of nearly 4 meters.
The world's tallest building -
In 1974, the United States, Chicago Sears Tower (often translated as the Sears Tower) with a total height of 442M sitting in the world's highest throne for more than twenty years, until 1998 in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia's Petronas Towers completed (the country's state-run oil company's Twin Towers).
Petronas Towers is the tallest building in the world until the completion of Petronas Towers in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia in 1998 (the Petronas Twin Towers of the country's state-run oil company, hereinafter referred to as the PT), with a total height of 451.9M recognized by CTBUH, which made the world's first tallest building outside the United States.
The success of PT's fight for the world's tallest building has rekindled the battle for the world's tallest building, especially in Asia's Pacific West Coast region and the Middle East.
Although PT's total height is 451.9M, the 88th floor of the highest floor is only 378.6M, which is less than 10 meters higher than Sears, and the highest floor of the Sears Tower is 442M. This of course makes a lot of people - especially Americans!
The PT is the official world's tallest building, and it's not a big news story at that time.
TAIPEI 101, at 508M, is the new world's tallest building after PT, the first world's tallest building in the 21st century, and the first skyscraper in the world to exceed 500M. There is no doubt that the 101st floor of TAIPEI 101 surpasses Sears Tower, reaching a height of 448M, and the top of the spire above it is as high as 508M, which is naturally much higher than Petronas Towers, and no matter how you compare it to Petronas Towers, it's still the tallest in the world.
Of course, the world's battle for the world's first has been ignited, and there will be a lot of world's first plans around the world in the next ten years or so, although according to experience most of these plans can not be realized, only to say, but the new world's first will eventually appear. Although the world's tallest building can be surpassed, but this magnificent tall building will never die.