2. The main task of project decision management is to determine the definition of the project. The task of the implementation period is to achieve the project objectives through management.
3. The overall integrator and organizer of the owner's project production process, and the owner's project management is the core of management.
4. According to the nature of work and organizational characteristics, project management is divided into: the owner; Designers; Construction party; Suppliers; Project management of general contractor of construction project.
5. Owners: investors, developers and consultants representing the interests of owners. Construction party: general contractor and subcontractor, supplier: material and equipment supplier. General contracting of construction projects: comprehensive contracting of design and construction tasks and comprehensive contracting of engineering procurement construction tasks (EPC general contracting).
6. The objectives of the owner's project management: investment (total investment), progress (use or delivery time) and quality. ★ The whole life cycle includes decision-making, implementation and use stages. ★ Safety management is the top priority of project management, including investment control, schedule control, quality control and contract management. ★ Management objectives of the designer: design cost objectives, design progress objectives, design quality objectives and investment objectives of the project. ★ Management objectives of the construction party: construction cost objectives, construction progress objectives and construction quality objectives. ★ General contracting management objectives: the total investment objectives of the project and the cost objectives of the general contractor, the progress objectives of the project and the quality objectives of the project. ★ The purpose of implementing supervision system is to ensure the quality of engineering construction; Improve the level of construction; Give full play to investment benefits. ★ Supervision basis: project construction documents approved by the state, laws and regulations related to project construction, project construction supervision contracts and other project construction contracts. ★ Supervision must be implemented: national key construction projects; Large and medium-sized public utility projects; Residential projects developed and constructed in plots; Using loans or aid funds from foreign governments or international organizations; Other projects. ★ China's construction project supervision belongs to the international category of owner's project management. ★ Engineering supervision: highly intelligent paid technical service, which is classified as engineering consulting (engineering consultant) service internationally. ★ Supervision content: control the construction investment, construction period and project quality; Conduct contract management and coordinate the organizational structure mode, organizational division of labor and workflow organization of the research system of relevant units. ★ Organizational structure mode: functional organizational structure, linear organizational structure and matrix organizational structure. ★ Function: Traditionally, each department may have multiple contradictory instruction sources. Linear: each department has only one instruction source, and the instruction path is too long. Matrix: relatively new, with vertical and horizontal departments and two instruction sources, used in large-scale organizational systems. ★ Organizational structure mode reflects the command relationship between subsystems or elements (work departments). Organizational division of labor reflects the division of labor of each subsystem or element. Organizational structure mode and organizational division of labor are relatively static organizational relationships. ★ Workflow organization reflects the logical relationship and dynamic relationship between various tasks. Including management, information processing flow, design work, material procurement and construction flow. ★ The organization of project management is the decisive factor for the realization of project management objectives, which shows the importance of project management organization. ★ Control target measures: organizational measures, management measures, economic measures and technical measures, among which organizational measures are the most important. ★ Project diagram or WBS: decompose the structure of the project layer by layer through the tree diagram, reflect all the tasks that make up the project, and express the overall structural framework of the project. ★ Project organization chart (OBS chart): reflects the organizational relationship between subsystems and elements (such as work departments), and between work units, work departments and staff. ★ The organizational structure of project management of the owner, designer, constructor, supplier and project management consultant can be described by their respective project organization charts. ★ The organization chart of the project should reflect the organizational relationship between the project manager and the competent department or personnel, such as cost (investment or expense) control, schedule control, quality control, contract management, information management, organization and coordination, etc. ★ The contract structure diagram reflects the contractual relationship between the owner and the project participants, and between the project participants. ★ There is a contractual relationship between the two units, which are connected by two-way arrow shafts in the contract structure diagram. If there is a management and command relationship, use a one-way arrow shaft to contact. ★ Construction project management planning: programmatic document, overall and macro analysis: why; What to do; How; Who; When; Total investment; Total progress. ★ Construction project management planning: the owner's project management in the whole implementation stage. You can entrust the general contractor of the construction project to make preparations. ★ Project management planning content: overview; Target analysis and demonstration; Organization; Procurement and contracts; Investment; Progress; Quality; Safety, health and environment; Information; Technical route and key technology analysis; Design; Architecture; Risk management strategy. ★ Owner's international project management mode: self-management; Entrust; * * * Same. ★ Entrusting method of design task: the general design responsible unit; Entrust multiple design units in parallel. ★ Entrusting method of construction task: the construction consortium or construction partner is the general contractor; General contractor management unit; Entrust multiple construction units in parallel. ★ The owner's comprehensive entrustment mode can be called general contracting of construction projects (general contracting of projects) or general contracting of projects. ★ The general contracting enterprise is responsible for quality, construction period and cost. The general contracting enterprise may contract some projects to subcontractors with corresponding qualifications; Subcontractor is responsible for the general contracting enterprise ★ General contracting mode: design and construction general contracting (DBuild) and engineering procurement and construction (EPC) general contracting. ★ Owner's international material procurement method: self-procurement; Agree with the contractor on the designated suppliers of certain materials; Contractor procurement. ★ Dynamic control of project objectives is the most basic method of project management. ★ Corrective measures for target dynamic control: organizational measures; Management measures; Economic measures; Technical measures. ★ Measures to rectify the progress: organizational measures (adjustment of project organization structure, task division, management function division, workflow and team members); Management measures (manage the reasons and take corresponding measures; Adjust the methods and means of schedule management, change construction management and strengthen contract management); Economic measures (timely settlement of project funds, implementation of funds needed to speed up the project progress); Technical measures (improving construction methods and replacing construction machines and tools). ★ Comparison between planned value and actual value of construction investment: contract price and budget estimate; Contract price and budget; Project funds and budget estimates; Project funds and budget; Project payment and contract price; Project final accounts and budgetary estimates, budgets and contract prices. ★ Corrective measures for investment control: organizational measures (adjustment of organizational structure, division of tasks, division of management functions, workflow and team members); Management measures (quota design, adjustment of investment control methods and means, value engineering); Economic measures (formulating investment and savings incentives); Technical measures (adjustment or modification of design, optimization of construction methods). ★ The project manager of large and medium-sized engineering projects must be a person who has obtained the registration certificate of construction engineer ★ The position, function and characteristics of the project manager in the world: the person in charge (leader) of the project management team is not necessarily the representative of the legal representative of the enterprise on the project; Only engaged in project management, the main task is to control the project objectives; Not a technical position, but a management position; Managers in organizational systems. ★ Management power of the project manager: organize the project management team; Entrusted to sign relevant contracts; To direct the production and operation activities of the project, allocate and manage the production factors of the project; Select the operation team; Economic distribution; Other management powers★ A production and operation management system headed by the project manager shall be established for the project construction, and the project manager shall be responsible for the system. The project manager is in the central position in the construction and is responsible for the overall management of the construction. ★ Steps of human resource management: prepare human resource planning; Recruitment; Dismissal; Choose; Employee induction training; Staff training; Form capable employees; Performance evaluation of employees; Staff's business promotion and development. ★ Human resource management task: prepare organizational structure and human resource planning; Organize the acquisition of project management team members; Members of the project management team; Matrix organizational structure of team building: project management team members should accept the dual leadership of project manager and functional department manager. ★ Internationally, the general contracting mode of the project: independent completion; The design unit and the construction unit form a consortium or cooperative, and the consortium or cooperative is dissolved after the completion of the project; The construction unit undertakes; The design unit undertakes. ★ Project construction outline or design outline content: project definition; Design principles and requirements; Technical outline and technical requirements for project implementation; Technical requirements of materials and equipment. ● In the international bidding for general contracting of civil construction projects, the way of project function description is mostly adopted instead of project structure description. ● Notify the supervisor in writing 24 hours before the construction of key parts and key working procedures that need on-site supervision ● Project planning aims to add value to the decision-making and implementation of project construction. Value-added is embodied in: protecting the environment where human beings live and work; Building environment; The use function and construction quality of the project; Construction cost and operation cost; Social and economic benefits; Construction period; Organization and coordination of construction process. ★ The process of project planning is the organization and integration of expert knowledge and information ★ Engineering project planning is an open working process, which needs to integrate the knowledge of many experts: organizational knowledge; Management; Economy; Technology; Design experience; Architecture; Project management experience; Experience in project planning. ● Planning content in the decision-making stage of the project: investigation and analysis of the construction environment and conditions; Project objective demonstration and project definition; Project structure analysis; Demonstration and planning of organization, management and economy related to decision-making; Demonstration and planning of technical aspects related to decision-making; Decision risk analysis. ● The main task of project implementation planning is to make clear how to organize development or construction. ★ Risk: possible uncertain factors affecting the realization of project objectives. ★ Risk quantity: the uncertainty of loss and the probability of loss. ★ The event is in risk area A, and measures should be taken to reduce its probability and move to area B; Or take measures to reduce its losses and move it to area C. Events in risk areas B and C should be moved to area D. ● Risk type of the project: organizational risk; Economy and management; Engineering environment; Technical risk ★ Organizational risk: the ability of designers and engineering supervision engineers; The ability of the contractor's management personnel and general technical personnel; Ability and experience of mechanical operators; Qualification and ability of loss control and safety management personnel. ★ Economic and management risks: the supply of project funds; Contract risk; Availability and quantity of on-site and public fire-fighting facilities; Accident prevention measures and plans; Personal safety control plan; Information security control plan. ★ Engineering environmental risk: natural disasters; Geotechnical engineering and hydrogeological conditions; Meteorological conditions; Factors causing fire and explosion. ★ Technical risk: engineering design documents; Project construction plan; Engineering materials; Construction machinery. ● Risk management workflow: risk identification (analysis of existing risks); Risk analysis (measuring the risks of various risks); Risk control (making a risk management plan and taking measures to reduce risks); Risk transfer (insuring against uncontrollable risks); Risk monitoring. ★ Construction cost management: ensure that the construction period and quality meet the requirements, control the cost within the plan with organizational, economic, technical and contractual measures, and seek the greatest cost savings ★ Tasks of construction cost management: prediction, planning, control, cost accounting, cost analysis and cost assessment. ★ Construction project cost prediction is the basis of construction project cost decision-making and planning. ★ Construction cost plan: production cost, cost level, cost reduction rate, main measures taken to reduce costs, and written plan planned in monetary form. ★ Cost control of construction projects is an important part of overall cost management of enterprises from bidding stage to completion acceptance stage. ★ Project cost control: pre-control, in-process control (process control) and post-control. ★ Cost analysis methods: comparison method, factor analysis method, difference calculation method and ratio method. ★ Organizational measures: implement the project manager responsibility system, define the organization and personnel of project cost management, define the division of tasks, functions, powers and responsibilities of project cost managers at all levels, and prepare the work plan and detailed work flow chart of project cost control at this stage. ★ The key to adopting technical rectification measures is to be able to put forward several different technical schemes; Technical and economic analysis of different technical schemes. ★ Economic measures: Prepare the fund use plan, and determine and decompose the construction cost management objectives; Risk analysis. ★ Contract measures: participate in contract negotiation, modify contract terms, handle claims during contract execution, and prevent and handle claims with owners and subcontractors; Analyze the relationship and influence between different contracts, and make a comprehensive and specific analysis of each contract. ★ Basis for preparation of construction cost plan: contract quotation and construction budget; Construction organization design or construction scheme; Market prices of personnel, materials and machines; The material guidance price issued by the company, the price of the internal machinery team, and the internal listing price of the labor force; Internal rental price and amortization loss standard of turnover equipment; Signed engineering contracts, subcontracts (or appraisals); External processing plan and contract for structural parts; Relevant financial cost accounting system and financial historical data; Other relevant information. ★ Work out the construction cost plan according to the time schedule, and control the project progress by using the network diagram, which can be further developed. When preparing the network plan, we should fully consider the requirements of schedule control for the project division and determine the requirements of the construction cost expenditure plan for the project division. ★ The comprehensive unit price of the new BOQ project caused by BOQ omission or design change shall be proposed by the contractor and confirmed by the Employer. ★ If the quantities in the bill of quantities are wrong or increase or decrease due to design changes, the original comprehensive unit price shall be implemented within the scope agreed in the contract; Beyond the scope of the contract, the comprehensive unit price of increasing or decreasing part of the project quantity shall be proposed by the contractor and confirmed by the employer. ★ Method for determining the change price of the project: If there is a price applicable to the change project in the contract, the contract price shall be changed according to the existing price in the contract; Only similar, refer to similar prices; If it is not applicable or similar, the contractor will propose an appropriate change price and the engineer will confirm it. ★ Use of unit price or price of bill of quantities in the contract: direct application, indirect application and partial application ★ The agreed unit price and price are based on the absence (applicability or similarity) in the contract or the existence but inappropriateness ● Valuation of engineering changes under ●FIDIC conditions: the engineer agrees or determines the contract price. Use new rate or price: the change of engineering quantity is greater than10%; The product of engineering quantity change and the specified rate of this work exceeds 0.01%of the bid-winning contract amount; The change of engineering quantity directly leads to the change of unit cost of this work exceeding1%; This work is not a fixed rate project stipulated in the contract. ★ Claim costs According to international practice, the direct costs of Jian 'an project include labor costs, material costs and machinery use fees; Indirect costs include site management fees, insurance premiums, interest, etc. ★ Labor cost: basic salary, wage allowance, overtime pay, bonus and legal safety benefits of construction personnel. Labor cost in the claim fee: labor cost for completing extra work under the contract; The labor cost increases due to the reduction of work efficiency that is not the responsibility of the contractor; Working overtime outside legal working hours; The increase of legal labor costs and the delay of projects that are not the responsibility of the contractor lead to the slowdown of personnel and the increase of wages.