SBR is the abbreviation of Sequencing Batch Reactor Activated Sludge Process (SBR), which is an activated sludge wastewater treatment technology that operates according to intermittent aeration, also known as Sequencing Batch Activated Sludge Process. Different from the traditional sewage treatment process, SBR technology adopts the operation mode of time division instead of space division, non-stable biochemical reaction instead of steady state biochemical reaction, and static ideal precipitation instead of traditional dynamic precipitation. Its main feature is the orderly and intermittent operation, the core of SBR technology is the SBR reaction tank, the tank set homogenization, primary sedimentation, biodegradation, secondary sedimentation and other functions in a pool, no sludge reflux system. It is these special characteristics of the SBR process so that it has the following advantages:
1, the ideal push flow process so that the biochemical reaction to increase the impetus to improve efficiency, anaerobic pool, aerobic in an alternating state, purification effect is good.
2, the operation effect is stable, the sewage is precipitated in the ideal static state, which requires short time and high efficiency, and the effluent water quality is good.
3, impact load resistance, the pool has stagnant treated water, the sewage has a dilution, buffer effect, effective resistance to the impact of water and organic pollutants.
4, the process can be adjusted according to the water quality, water quantity, flexible operation.
5, less treatment equipment, simple structure, easy to operate and maintenance management.
6, there are DO, BOD5 concentration gradient in the reactor, effective control of activated sludge expansion.
7, SBR method system itself is also suitable for the combination of construction methods, and is conducive to the expansion and renovation of wastewater treatment plants.
8, denitrification and phosphorus removal, appropriate control of the operation mode, the realization of aerobic, anoxic, anaerobic state alternately, with good denitrification and phosphorus removal effect.
9, simple process, low cost. The main equipment is only a sequential batch type batch reactor, no secondary sedimentation tank, sludge reflux system, regulating tank, primary sedimentation tank can also be omitted, compact layout, covers an area of provincial.
Scope of application of SBR system
Because of the above technical characteristics, SBR system further broadens the scope of use of activated sludge method. In terms of recent technical conditions, the SBR system is more suitable for the following situations:
1) Domestic sewage from small and medium-sized towns and industrial wastewater from factories and mines, especially for intermittent discharges and where the flow rate varies considerably.
2) Places that require higher quality of effluent, such as scenic areas, lakes and harbors, etc., not only to remove organic matter, but also require the effluent water to remove phosphorus and denitrogen, to prevent eutrophication of rivers and lakes.
3) Where water resources are scarce, the SBR system can be biologically treated after physical treatment, without the need to increase the facilities, to facilitate the recycling of water.
4) Where land is scarce.
5) The reconstruction of the built continuous flow sewage treatment plant.
6) Ideal for small water volume, intermittent discharge of industrial wastewater and decentralized point source pollution management.
SBR process design and operation
SBR design issues that require special attention
(a) the main facilities and equipment
1, the composition of the facilities
This method does not have the initial sedimentation tank in principle, the main reason for this method applied to small sewage treatment plants is that the facilities are simpler and more centralized maintenance management. In order to adapt to changes in flow rate, the volume of the reaction tank should be left to spare or the use of methods such as setting the operating cycle. However, for occasions such as excursion sites where the flow rate varies greatly, the setup of flow regulating tanks should be studied according to maintenance management and economic conditions.
2, the reaction pool
Reaction pool form for the complete mixing type, the reaction pool is very compact, occupies very little land. The shape of the rectangle shall prevail, the ratio of pool width and pool length is about 1:1 ~ 1:2, water depth of 4 to 6 meters.
The reaction pool depth is too deep, based on the following reasons is not economical: ① If the reaction pool depth is large, the depth of discharge water increases accordingly, the solid-liquid separation of the required settling time will increase. ② Specialized supernatant discharge device by the structural limitations of the supernatant discharge water depth can not be too deep.
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