(1) decentralized hospital building combination
Decentralized building combination is a number of buildings to perform a specific function of the hospital, its medical and service rooms are basically arranged in separate buildings. Early hospitals lacked effective measures to control heat transfer of diseases due to poor conditions. The use of decentralized combinations facilitates isolation and prevents cross-domain contamination. At the same time, each building can get a better orientation, ventilation and lighting, and have a quiet environment, fresh air, so that the combination of terrain and phased construction of the first advantage. However, because the building is too scattered, anti cause long traffic route, each part of the connection is not compact, covers an area of large, long pipeline, energy consumption, construction cost is high, complex management, is not conducive to the use of mechanization and other advanced equipment shortcomings. Therefore, for larger hospitals, decentralized combination can not be well in line with modern requirements, only for infectious disease hospitals, tuberculosis hospitals and psychiatric hospitals. Decentralized hospital building combination includes a fully decentralized combination of outpatient, emergency, wards, medical and technical departments and services all part of the building; multi-block split combination of outpatient departments and wards of the main departments to be built in blocks, with the connection of the medical and technical departments are dispersed in the outpatient clinics or wards in the layout; cross-shaped combination, also known as the central deer and multi-winged end of the open combination of combinations of hospitals according to the function of use Divided into routine activities and operational activities in two parts, and were designed according to the X-axis and Y-axis two different directions of the axis X-axis for the 24-hour work of the routine activities of the department, is stable, static part, such as wards. Y-axis for the 8-hour work of the operational activities of the part, is the part of the movement, such as the medical technology department. This cloth (Y-axis direction of the wings are not fixed, flexible, the end of each wing and the main transportation corridor, and at the other end can be extended due to their respective needs, to create conditions for the expansion of the hospital.
(2) centralized hospital building combination
Centralized combination is a main building to encompass the majority of the hospital's work departments in the form of a combination, that is, in addition to the hospital must be properly separated from the staff quarters, the other departments of the room all concentrated in a legal sales. Centralized combination is in recent years the development of a faster combination of forms, urban land is tense, the use of centralized building combination of hospitals will be more and more. The emergence of new building materials, building construction technology and the improvement of air-conditioning equipment, electronic technology, automation and transportation in the application of hospitals, for the construction of centralized high-rise modern hospitals to create a wide network of prospects. The centralized combination can save a lot of floor space for the hospital, thus gaining the audited name of outdoor activities and green land. At the same time, it can make the hospital parts back to isolate and reduce the knowledge, convenient contact, easy to dry management. Save construction investment and use of maintenance costs. But in the building space is so highly concentrated in the hospital, its health protection requirements are particularly high, can solve this contradiction in the general layout design is reasonable. Centralized hospital building combination including large column network flexible space type combination, this combination of unified modulus, large span column network frame (column spacing is generally 15 ~ 18 meters) and can be vibration of the light limit wall, according to the needs of the police space structure, can also be removed from the original wall, change the flat and piping, but the cost of non-structural and equipment costs curtains expensive, a larger investment: radiation multi-tower type combination, in the West is also known as the super-period of the design. It highlights the role of horizontal and vertical mechanical transportation systems within the hospital. General tower design more than three floors for the wards, one to three floors for outpatient and medical technology departments, the ground floor layout of auxiliary services. However, this combination of wards facing most of the poor, its plane piping table activity and expandability should also be to the limit. Anti-network Y-type combination is also a common form of centralized combination, non-constructive structure storm Y-type, nurse ten station is located in the central part of the Y-type, to facilitate nurse supervision and patient seclusion.
(3) comprehensive hospital building combination
This combination of forms between centralized and decentralized medical building space is more centralized, with the administration of the back of the le, the staff living room set up separately. Comprehensive hospital building combination basically retains the advantages of decentralized, especially in the isolation, quiet environment and ease of construction in phases is significantly better than the centralized combination, but also absorbed the centralized combination of land saving, saving investment, convenient contact between the various departments, medical and nursing work and other advantages. In the overall layout highlights a clear functional partition. Less chance of cross-infection, reasonable structural arrangement and other advantages.