There are two types of radiation: ionizing radiation (IR) and non-ionizing radiation (NIR).
The term ionization means to charge an atom by causing an electron to leave its orbit. So, when you are exposed to ionizing radiation, it means you have been exposed to an energy powerful enough to destroy the basic structure of atoms and molecules in your body by releasing an electron. Losing an electron causes the molecule that has lost the electron to become very reactive and damage surrounding cells. Ionizing radiation can cause direct damage to DNA, leading to cancer. Most people are not regularly exposed to ionizing radiation.
The main sources of ionizing radiation include: nuclear reactions in the sun on Earth and stars in space; radioactive decay in human tissue and soil; radioactive decay of unstable elements in rocks, especially those containing radium and rocks that release radon gas; occupational sources from mining, medical, research, and industrial employment opportunities.
Radioactive decay is the release of energy in the form of ionizing radiation. The emitted ionizing radiation may include alpha particles, beta particles and/or gamma rays. Radioactive decay occurs in unstable atoms called radionuclides.
Although ionizing radiation does not always produce heat, it can still affect and damage the body. Ionizing radiation is very harmful and can cause various cancers, heart problems, brain problems, and more. Although acute exposure to ionizing radiation is much rarer, individuals exposed to ionizing radiation are likely to have serious health problems.
Non-ionizing radiation is a series of energy waves consisting of oscillating electric and magnetic fields moving at the speed of light. Non-ionizing radiation includes ultraviolet (UV), visible light, infrared (IR), microwave (MW), radio frequency (RF) and extremely low frequency (ELF). Non-ionizing radiation refers to the part of the electromagnetic spectrum that lacks enough energy to cause ionization. It includes electric fields, magnetic fields, radio waves, microwaves, infrared, ultraviolet and visible radiation. Common sources of non-ionizing radiation. Examples of natural sources include sunlight, fire, and thermal radiation; examples of man-made sources include microwave ovens, mobile base stations, mobile phones, computers, wireless Wi-Fi routers, Bluetooth devices, power lines, household appliances, and nuclear magnets*** Vibration imaging, etc.
References:
1. /difference-ionizing-non-ionizing-radiation/#:~:text=Natural%20sources%20of%20Non-Ionizing%20Radiation%3A% 201,Sunlight%202%20Fire%203%20Thermal%20radiation
3. /science/ionizing-radiation
4. /ionizing-vs-non-ionizing-radiation/