Maintaining hand hygiene is the most basic, simple and effective means to effectively prevent and control the spread of pathogens, thus reducing the incidence of hospital infection. In particular, the nosocomial infection in ICU is higher than that in general wards, and its infection links are complicated. Medical staff, including nursing staff, have the highest probability of touching critically ill patients during diagnosis and treatment.
Hand hygiene is mainly aimed at the risk of cross-infection in medical staff's work, and it is an important means of hospital infection control.
The five important moments of hand hygiene are also called "two front and three back":
1, time one, before contacting the patient. Hand hygiene of medical staff is carried out in three stages before entering the patient area, approaching the patient or contacting the patient.
2. Time 2. Before aseptic operation. Hand hygiene of medical staff is implemented before direct or indirect contact with patients' mucosa, broken skin or invasive medical equipment.
3. At time 3, after body fluid exposure. Hand hygiene of medical personnel is carried out after touching the patient's blood or other body fluids, but before touching any other surface, such as performing invasive operations and removing protective equipment.
4. Time 4. After contact with the patient. Hand hygiene of medical staff is implemented after contacting the patient's complete skin and the surface of the patient's surrounding environment, including daily contact, life care, non-invasive treatment or examination.
5, time 5, after contact with the patient's surrounding environment. Hand hygiene of medical staff is implemented after the last contact with patients' surroundings, including daily cleaning activities and nursing activities without direct contact with patients.
Hand hygiene hand washing refers to the process that medical personnel wash their hands with soap or soap solution and tap water to remove dirt, debris and some pathogenic bacteria from their hands. In order to achieve the cleanest hygiene of ordinary hand washing, it is best to wash your hands for no less than 20 seconds.
Sanitary hand disinfection refers to the process that medical personnel wipe their hands with quick-drying hand disinfectant to reduce temporary bacteria in their hands.
Surgical hand disinfection refers to the process that medical personnel wash their hands with soap (liquid) or antibacterial soap (liquid) and running water before operation, and then use hand disinfectant to remove or kill temporary and permanent bacteria in their hands.