However, there are objective reasons for Japan's high military expenditure. Restricted by the pacifist constitution, Japan is not allowed to implement conscription at ordinary times, but can only implement voluntary military service. This is equivalent to letting the self-defense forces and the whole society compete for human resources. In order to improve the attractiveness of the Self-Defense Forces, the salaries of personnel must be relatively high! Moreover, due to the small size of the Self-Defense Forces, the amount of weapons purchased is only a fraction of that of countries such as China, the United States and Russia, and there is no collective procurement of military alliances like NATO to reduce the unit price, which makes the cost of weapons very high. The cost of automatic rifles made in Japan is actually three times that of similar rifles made in the United States. In addition, the Japanese people have a high sense of urgency. Although the cost of weapons production and procurement is very, very high, they will never rely entirely on imports. Even if weapons are no longer produced, the Japanese government will allocate funds to require enterprises to actively maintain them in case of emergency. Imagine that the army is always equipped with 200,000 rifles, but it has to maintain a production line that can produce 2 million rifles for 48 hours all the year round. This is also a very large military expenditure. With the strong support of the government, Japan has established a comprehensive and high-level military industrial system in integration of defense and civilian technologies.
Its military level is in a leading position in Asia, and it can independently develop and produce major weapon systems such as aircraft, tanks, artillery, missiles, ships and electronic equipment. Self-developed tactical missiles, tanks, warships and electronic combat command systems are close to the advanced level in the world. Its F-2 (formerly FS-X) support fighter and OH-X helicopter have reached a very high level. The missile and aerospace industries have developed rapidly. XAAM-4, a new medium-range air-to-air missile developed by our country, is close to the advanced medium-range air-to-air missile in the United States, and a military reconnaissance satellite system has been established. 1. Today, the establishment of the Self-Defense Forces is similar to that of other countries. Article 9 of the Constitution specifies the purpose of the army in detail.
(1) "General" is equivalent to the post of lieutenant general, and the class regulations of chief of staff and generals are significantly different, similar to the rank of lieutenant general in other countries.
(2) "Bubu" corresponds to the position of Major General, which can be further divided into "Bubu (1)" and "Bubu (2)".
(3) The existence of Brigadier General of the Self-Defense Forces (below and above the Major General) is controversial. In the twentieth year of Heisei (2008), the idea of whether to set up a brigadier general class was put forward.
(4) The salary of "1 assistant" is paid by grade, and this position can be subdivided into "1 assistant (1)", "1 assistant (2)" and "1assistant (3)".
(5) "1Zuo", "2 Zuo" and "3 Zuo" are equivalent to the positions of assistant minister of Dazuo, Zhongzuo and Shaozuo. (equivalent to colonel, lieutenant colonel and major in other countries)
(6) "1","2" and "3" are equivalent to the positions of lieutenant, lieutenant and second lieutenant. (equivalent to captains, lieutenants and second lieutenants in other countries)
(7) "warrant officer" is equivalent to a sergeant.
(8) In 2008 (the twentieth year of Heisei), a review was made on whether to establish a new class of "Shangcaochang".
(9) "1Cao", "2 Cao" and "3 Cao" are equivalent to the positions of Cao Chang, sergeant and corporal. Cao Chang is similar to the master sergeant in China and was added in 1980.
(10) "Master Sergeant", "1 Master Sergeant" and "Master Sergeant II" are equivalent to the positions of first-class soldiers, first-class soldiers and second-class soldiers. Lu Shi signed a contract for two years (the technical department of a certain department was three years, then changed to two years), and he and Kong Shi implemented a three-year (two years later) lifelong system, and Cao's alternate students were promoted in a two-year cycle.
(1 1) General Cao Alternate and Cao Alternate were last adopted in Heisei 19, and implemented in Heisei's 20th year (2008). September at the earliest 2 years and promotion at the latest 7 years.
(12) "Three Scholars" is the earliest official course of the Self-Defense Forces.
Note: Japan's pacifist constitution stipulates that when war breaks out, the rank of general will be increased (equivalent to the rank of general/rank of second-class general in various countries).
Second, the color of the Japanese Ground Self-Defense Force scarf
The scarf culture of Japanese Ground Self-Defense Force has a long history. In addition to decorative function, it is mainly to facilitate the identification of various services and arms. (1) General subject: red. Is the backbone of the army, inherited the old Japanese red (2) mecha division: orange. Mainly chariot troops and mobile reconnaissance troops (3) air defense specialty and field specialty: yellow. Mainly air defense forces and field special forces (4) aviation section: blue-gray. Mainly the Air Force (5) Communication Section of the Ground Self-Defense Force: blue. Mainly responsible for the use of all kinds of communication equipment and ensure the contact between troops. (6) Weapons: green. Mainly responsible for the supply of weapons and ammunition. (7) Transport section: purple. Mainly responsible for transportation and supply. (8) Chemistry, police, music and accounting: dark blue. Chemistry is responsible for chemical defense operations, accounting is responsible for the accounting business of capital allocation budget, and music is responsible for morale (9) Health: strong green. Responsible for medical equipment escort, epidemic prevention and treatment. (10) Demand Department and Facilities Department: Brown. Responsible for logistics and quartermaster. The construction department is responsible for the operation of various bridges.