When painting without protection, the concentration of benzene in the air of workplace is quite high, which is very harmful to painting workers. Long-term exposure to benzene will cause chronic poisoning, leading to diseases such as leukopenia, thrombocytopenia and bone marrow hematopoietic dysfunction. The harm of paint to human body can be not only inhaled through lungs, but also absorbed through skin. Human skin can directly contact with paint, which can dissolve the fat in the skin, leading to skin cracking and inflammation at the same time.
First, establish the idea of safety first and strengthen the concept of protection.
When painting construction, we must establish the idea of safety first, strengthen the concept of protection and implement specific safety protection measures. First of all, we should understand the types and characteristics of coatings, the toxic ways to human body, the matters needing attention in the use of coatings, and the first-aid measures in case of possible poisoning. Especially in indoor, cabin, underground construction site, mine, vehicle and other poorly ventilated or not ventilated environments, it is absolutely not allowed to exceed the maximum allowable solvent concentration and working time limit.
Construction personnel must know and master the packaging identification of toxic solvents in advance and master the safe use of solvents. In particular, the person in charge of construction and the relevant personnel in charge of safety must establish a clear post responsibility system to supervise and inspect the implementation of safety production and labor protection laws and regulations and relevant operating procedures. It is necessary to supervise the construction methods, the distribution and use of labor protection articles, and the normal operation of exhaust and ventilation equipment, and often carry out safety education for construction personnel, firmly establish the idea of safety first and the concept of labor protection, eliminate all kinds of unsafe hidden dangers in time, and ensure safe production.
Second, ensure the normal operation of construction equipment and safety protection devices.
In the process of painting construction, the correct construction technology, normal and intact construction equipment and safety protection devices are the fundamental guarantee of safe production, which are indispensable and a complete systematic project.
Today, with the rapid development of science and technology, and in the modern times when everyone attaches importance to safety production, the general coating production site conditions are still relatively good. However, in some maintenance enterprises and some township enterprises with poor conditions, problems of one kind or another often occur, which is a weak link and should be paid attention to. The hidden dangers should be eliminated from the aspects of technology, construction equipment and safety protection devices. According to the specific situation of painting production, consider the configuration and use of painting construction equipment and safety protection devices used. For volatile solvents used in indoor construction, closed equipment or exhaust device should be adopted to prevent equipment leakage. If painting is carried out in the tank and the inside of the tank, it is necessary to ensure that the exhaust volume and intake volume are balanced. In short, it is necessary to have necessary construction equipment and safety protection devices to ensure the safety of painting production.
Third, improve the construction environment and ensure normal ventilation.
For the spraying construction site, normal ventilation is very important, which is the fundamental measure to prevent fire and explosion accidents and an important means to prevent harmful gases from exceeding the standard. Under normal circumstances, the opening area for direct ventilation with the outside, such as windows, should be larger than 1/20 of the building area of the painting workshop, so that normal ventilation can be carried out. If there is ventilation equipment with good performance, it is not limited by the above ratio. In the actual situation of coating production, the quantity and types of coatings are constantly changing, and the generation and emission of volatile gases are unbalanced, and they all change regularly with time, region and spraying situation. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out necessary tests frequently, strictly control the "three wastes" exceeding the standard, and solve the problems in time when they are found, and never have the idea of once and for all.
Fourth, strengthen the detection of construction environment to prevent the "three wastes" from exceeding the standard.
Indoor construction, check the air concentration at least once every six months to maintain a good construction environment. This is put forward under the condition that the coating production is normal and there is no difference. When there are great changes in painting production, such as great changes in output and process, it is necessary to detect the important parts in time, that is, the parts with great unsafe factors. Grasp the changing state of each part of data, so as to take corresponding measures. Organic mixed solvents widely used, such as acetone, xylene, toluene, ethyl acetate, dichloroethane, etc. , must regularly check the degree of pollution, and determine the sampling position. Mainly choose the interior of the exhaust device, exhaust outlet, floor, near the ceiling and other parts. , and measure the concentration distribution, choose the place with the same plane spacing as the measuring point. According to the measured data and distribution, check with control standards. If there is any place exceeding the standard, corresponding measures should be taken to deal with it, so as to prevent accidents and ensure a good and safe construction environment.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) protection of operators
During the painting process, the operators directly operate in the construction site with paint and solvents, and all kinds of toxic gases and solvents are pervasive, flooding the whole construction site. Therefore, personal protection for operators is very necessary and necessary. This is also an important part of painting safety technology.
Construction personnel should wear all kinds of protective articles, such as work clothes, gloves, masks, masks, glasses, shoes and hats, etc. When painting. Prevent solvents from contacting the skin. At the same time, use medical vaseline or other skin care products to wipe the exposed skin. Special attention should be paid to the spraying operation parts with low boiling point, rapid volatilization, high toxicity and easy inhalation into trachea to prevent inhalation into the lungs.
When the concentration of toxic gas discharged during construction is high, it will seriously stimulate and hurt the nerves of human body, and may cause symptoms such as spasm, dizziness, coma and pupil dilation. At low concentrations, headaches, nausea, fatigue and abdominal pain may also occur. If not protected in time, long-term exposure can reduce appetite, damage hematopoietic system and cause chronic poisoning.
Paint mist can be inhaled not only through the lungs, but also through the skin and stomach, which is harmful to human body. Long-term contact with paint will dissolve the fat on the skin surface, leading to dryness, cracking and redness of the skin, and may also cause skin diseases.
Some paint pigments contain toxic components, such as red lead, lead chrome yellow and so on. This kind of paint needs brushing, and it's better not to spray it. Precautions should be taken when using. This kind of paint can cause acute or chronic lead poisoning, so it is better to replace it with other paints to reduce the possibility of poisoning.
After painting in the painting room, do not stop the ventilation equipment immediately, and let it continue to operate for a period of time to discharge the residual paint mist and solvent volatile gas.
After painting, if the operator feels that the trachea is dry, it is caused by the evaporation of the solvent inhaled in the paint mist, so he should drink more warm water. When cleaning spray guns and tools, try not to let the skin come into contact with solvents. After finishing, wipe off vaseline or other skin care products on your skin, then wash your hands and face with warm water and soap, preferably taking a bath frequently.
Physical examination should be carried out regularly for painting workers, and corresponding medical treatment should be given to poisoned workers in time.