Wuliangsuhai has been discharged to the Yellow River in Bayannaoer City, which is the main drainage channel. The reporter saw that in the distribution of this total leakage, with the closure or lack of treatment facilities for papermaking and coking enterprises of different scales, these highly polluting enterprises and environmental protection facilities, a large number of pollutants will directly enter the Yellow River, affecting the safety of downstream water supply. "
Earlier this year, the Baotou section of the Yellow River suffered unprecedented serious pollution. Volatile phenol, phenol and ammonia nitrogen exceed the standard by several times to dozens of times. In Baotou City, the main water source of the Yellow River, more than 6.5438+0.2 million people had to bite the bullet and drink "bitter water". The reporter reported to the National Bureau of Statistics in Baotou Environmental Protection Bureau. Please refer to the information, the pollution mainly comes from the drainage of the total amount of volatile phenol discharged from the Yellow River in Ningxia and Baotou, and the main source of ammonia nitrogen pollution.
The "culprit" along the Yellow River: the enterprises in the Tenth Five-Year Plan and the New Five-Year Plan, which are still serious, are hard to eradicate.
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Industrial pollution has always been the "culprit" of water pollution in the Yellow River. COD (chemical oxygen demand), ammonia nitrogen, heavy metals, permanganate index and volatile phenol, including a large number of pollutants, are produced everywhere in energy and heavy chemical industry, non-ferrous metals, paper making and high pollution industrial enterprises in Qinghai, Gansu, Ningxia, Inner Mongolia and the Yellow River basin. The investment and operation cost of environmental protection facilities are high, and the illegal discharge of key pollution sources in the Yellow River Basin is still serious. It is difficult for some "Tenth Five-Year Plan" and "New Five-Year Plan" enterprises to eliminate extensive practices. BR/>；
In an interview with Baiyin, the cadres of the local environmental protection department guided the reporter to check that the natural drainage channel leading to the Yellow River in Dongdagou City is a sewage ditch, but the sewage in the ditch below is very smelly, which may make him feel pungent. When the red acid wastewater slowly flows into the river, a small amount of green water is injected into the next branch ditch, and the soil sewage of the river and the beach is eroded, showing a bronze color of metal. The cadre of Baiyin Environmental Protection Bureau said that there are 89 polluting enterprises in Dongshungou. Including domestic sewage, nearly 50,000 cubic meters of wastewater is discharged into the Yellow River every day, which comes from the smelter of Nonferrous Metals Company, one of the biggest pollution sources of silver, an old copper smelting enterprise that has been operating for 40 years. The time limit for serious aging treatment of equipment has been ineffective in some countries and provincial organs in Gansu. At present, more than 8,000 cubic meters of acidic wastewater is directly discharged into the Yellow River every day, and the heavy metals such as copper, lead, zinc and arsenic in the wastewater are several times and thousands of times higher than the national standard. "The original main drinking water source of residents in Baiyin District is located in the lower reaches of Dongdagou, more than 200 meters away from the Yellow River estuary. Cities without water supply are very difficult. Environmental officials are frustrated because of the standard of pure water. Go ahead.
"Dead" state: Domestic sewage and agricultural non-point source pollution make Wuliangsuhai, a heavier trend, on the verge of extinction.
The reporter's investigation along the way found that in addition to industrial pollution, domestic sewage and excessive application of fertilizers and pesticides, agricultural non-point source pollution "also showed a more serious upward trend." At the same time, some cities piled up and dumped garbage along the Yellow River, which aggravated the pollution.
The increasingly serious water pollution in the Yellow River has caused serious damage to the ecosystem of the Yellow River, leading to the extinction of aquatic life in the river. In the 1950s, on one side of the Yellow River Basin. Waterfowl hunting, tamarisk, reeds, wild geese and plateau partridges in Yantan, Lanzhou have disappeared. As early as the 1960s, the Yellow River fishes in Gansu had a great growth, decreased, and some of them had disappeared. Even the water quality of the Yellow River has declined in recent years, because the Lanzhou specialty-Qingbaishi melon, which Lanzhou people are proud of, has been polluted.
According to the statistics of the Environmental Protection Bureau, the Yellow River in Gansu Province discharges 237 million tons of wastewater every year, and the river sewage discharge has reached 1.4 1.00 billion tons, accounting for 59.5% of the total wastewater discharge. The Yellow River flows through four cities in Gansu Province. At present, there are only Lanzhou City and four sewage treatment plants, and the daily treatment capacity is only 1. 58 million tons. The sewage treatment fee in Lanzhou is 0.2 yuan per cubic meter, and the sewage treatment fee collected by Gansu Environmental Protection Bureau can only maintain the operation of a sewage treatment plant with a daily treatment capacity of 654.38+10,000 tons. According to Zhao Weimin, as the capital city where the Yellow River passes through the city, the penetration rate of sewage pipe network in Lanzhou is only 12.2%. Small sewage treatment and collection capacity is far from enough to deal with the increasing urban sewage discharge. There are many sewage ditches in the sewage outlet of the Yellow River, and a large amount of sewage is directly discharged into the Yellow River. The reporter found that many problems along the Yellow River in cities are very common.
The pollution of the Yellow River is becoming more and more serious, which not only affects the industrial and agricultural production along the river, but also directly endangers the ecological environment of drinking water safety. Wuliangsuhai Lake in Bayannaoer City is the largest freshwater lake in China, the Yellow River Basin. At present, the wastewater with an annual output of 5 million cubic meters is injected into the lake area, of which 50 million cubic meters is discharged into the Yellow River. The reporter saw signs of black water juice in Wuliangsuhai. Industrial wastewater, especially agricultural backwater with high content of pesticides and fertilizers, enters the lake area, and the eutrophic water body, aquatic plants and reeds skyrocket. Tomorrow, the water body in the lake area will shrink and the lake will rise faster.
Yang Jie of Bayannaoer Environmental Protection Bureau said: "At present, the water quality of Wuliangsuhai is basically in the inferior five categories. At present, many kinds of 19 fish in the old fishing ground have become extinct. The largest fish found in 2002 was less than three times. If measures are not taken as soon as possible, not only will the Yellow River be endangered, but this important wetland will also die at the age of 20-40.
"Poisonous water" water quality: After nearly one acre of wheat irrigated with sewage was burned to death, the villagers drank persistent diarrhea.
The upstream of the important tributary of Huangshui River Basin is the Yellow River in Qinghai Province, with a total length of about 300 kilometers. The basin concentrates 60% of the population in Qinghai Province and most of them divide agricultural production. However, in recent years, the discharge of industrial wastewater and urban sewage has increased year by year, and the annual discharge has reached nearly 2 million cubic meters, and the water pollution in Huangshui has deteriorated sharply. They extend to the urban area of Xining, and the water quality is basically complete in dry season. In 2002, nearly 100 mu of wheat in peace county, Haidong and Qinghai villages were burned alive because of irrigation pollution of Huangshui River. Wang Lifa, Tian Tou irrigates Dongli Village. The villagers told reporters: "Now we should look at the water in the river. If you dare to water less, the seedlings will burn to death. "
In Luxurious Beach Township, Jingyuan County, Gansu Province, villagers have been drinking the Yellow River water after simple precipitation for a long time. The villagers said that after drinking water with diarrhea for a long time, the skin cracked and peeled after washing. "Salt water can't be eaten, and salty tea can drink fragments. Something that looks like black oil floats in the river. " Villagers' pottery pots guess.
In an interview with the Yellow River Water Plant in Shizuishan City, Ningxia, the reporter said that since 200 1, the treatment of sewage treatment plants has become more and more difficult due to the sharp decline of the water quality of the Yellow River. When the contents of ammonia nitrogen and volatile phenol in water are too high, a lot of chlorine will be consumed for disinfection. The water from chlorinated water plant must be about 0. 15mg ~ 4mg per liter for clarification, and the treatment of organic raw materials should be doubled. Last year and this spring, this water supply was forced to stop treatment twice. The dry season is the worst, and it feels like sewage treatment. Even the treated water tastes bad, and sometimes it has some strange smell. At present, about 70,000 people drink the water from Chang Yu, deputy director of the water plant, and the sewage treatment plant. The coverage of water supply will continue to expand in the future. "