There are no significant health effects.
A small amount of air into the blood vessels, there is no obvious effect on health. Because the human body has a certain compensatory metabolic effect on the foreign air, the gas can be partially dissolved in the blood, while some will be combined with hemoglobin in the plasma. The body disperses these gases into the tissue interstitial space, which breaks down the gases and utilizes them, or expels them through respiration in the lungs.
Additionally, today's medical equipment is constantly being updated, and there have been significant improvements in the infusion sets, which look simple and transparent but hide a very sophisticated design. For example, there are Murphy's droppers (i.e., the inflated tubular portion of the infuser), which not only allow you to see the rate of infusion, but also block air from entering the distal end of the infuser.
Don't panic when you find air in an infuser; seek out a healthcare provider and let a professional deal with the problem.
Expanded Information
Precision infusers also have an air filter at the distal end of the Murphy's dropper, which allows only the medication to pass through by means of the semi-permeable membrane principle. In addition, the blood in the vessels is under pressure, and when the infusion is complete, there is no more pressure above, and air cannot enter the vessels.
So, when you find air in the infusion set, don't panic, first observe which section the air is in, then close the plunger of the infusion set, and get help from the nursing staff to deal with it.
Air embolism due to infusion only occurs when the blood vessels enter a large amount of air within a short period of time. Symptoms manifest themselves as sudden chest tightness or pain behind the chest, dizziness and dyspnea with a sense of imminent death, low blood pressure, cyanosis, and so on, which usually occurs within 20 minutes. Therefore, after the infusion is completed, patients can be observed for half an hour before leaving the hospital.
People's Daily News - infusion tube into the air do not have to be too nervous