Glass fiber reinforced plastic has been widely used in aerospace, railway, decorative architecture, home furniture, advertising display, craft gifts, building materials and bathroom, yacht berthing, sports materials, sanitation engineering and other related industries, and has been highly praised, becoming the demand darling of merchants in the new era of materials industry. FRP products are also different from traditional materials, and are much better than traditional products in performance, use and service life. Its characteristics of easy modeling, customization and random color matching are favored by merchants and sellers, occupying an increasing market share and broad prospects! Specifically, there are the following industries: ferrous metallurgy, nonferrous metallurgy, electric power industry, coal industry, petrochemical industry, chemical industry, electromechanical industry, textile industry, automobile and motorcycle manufacturing industry, railway industry, shipbuilding industry, construction industry, light industry, food industry, electronics industry, post and telecommunications industry, culture, sports and entertainment industry, agriculture, commerce, medicine and health industry, and military and civilian applications.
The main categories of FRP products involved in the application of these industrial sectors are: mine ventilation equipment, coking and related equipment, rare earth smelting and ferroalloy smelting related equipment, cold rolling and plating equipment, power transmission and transformation equipment, wind power generation equipment, thermal power generation water pipes, cooling water equipment, power management and maintenance tools, coal mine Feng Tong, flameproof water bags, explosion-proof devices, components and equipment related to oil exploitation, petrochemical equipment, chemical equipment, chemical building materials, mine ventilation equipment, Motor spare parts, spare parts, plating equipment, wind turbines and components, textile printing and dyeing equipment, facilities and components, materials and components for automobile manufacturing, materials and components for automobile maintenance, materials and components for railway rolling stock and related facilities, materials and related components for railway signal system, and accessories and ancillary facilities for various rivers, lakes, ships and large steel ships. Building facilities and materials, toilets, kitchens, doors and windows, corrugated tiles, cooling towers, building ventilation and air conditioning facilities, building templates, etc. , daily chemical and paper industry related facilities, household appliances, alcohol, tanning, furniture materials, food storage tank uses, electronic industrial equipment, consumer goods materials and electronic equipment accessories, post and telecommunications equipment supporting facilities, sports equipment, amusement equipment and related facilities, agricultural sprinkler irrigation equipment.
Features:
1. The relative density of light weight and high strength is between 1.5~2.0, which is only 1/4~ 1/5 of carbon steel, but its tensile strength is close to or even higher than that of carbon steel, and its specific strength is comparable to that of high-grade alloy steel. Therefore, outstanding achievements have been made in aviation, rockets, spacecraft, high-pressure vessels and other products that need to reduce their own weight. The tensile, bending and compressive strength of some epoxy FRP can reach above 400Mpa. See table 1- 1 for the density, strength and specific strength of some materials.
2. FRP with good corrosion resistance is a good corrosion-resistant material, which has good tolerance to atmosphere, water, acid, alkali, salt and various oils and solvents. It has been applied to all aspects of chemical corrosion protection and is replacing carbon steel, stainless steel, wood and non-ferrous metals.
3. Good electrical properties are excellent insulating materials, which are used as insulators. And can still protect good dielectric property at high frequency. Microwave has good permeability and has been widely used in radome.
4. The thermal conductivity of FRP with good thermal performance is low, which is1.25 ~1.67 kJ/(m h k) at room temperature, which is only11/kloc-0 of metal. In the case of instantaneous ultra-high temperature, it is an ideal heat-resistant and ablation-resistant material, which can protect spacecraft from high-speed airflow above 2000℃.
5. Good designability ① Various structural products can be designed flexibly according to needs to meet the use requirements and make the products have good integrity. ② The selection of materials can fully meet the performance of the product, such as corrosion resistance, instantaneous high temperature resistance, particularly high strength in a certain direction of the product, good dielectric properties, etc.
6. Excellent manufacturability ① The molding process can be flexibly selected according to the shape, technical requirements, use and quantity of the product. (2) The process is simple, it can be molded at one time, and the economic effect is outstanding, especially for products with complex shapes and small quantity that are difficult to be molded, which highlights its technical advantages.
Disadvantages:
1. The elastic modulus of FRP with low elastic modulus is twice that of wood, but less than that of steel 10 (E=2. 1× 106), so it is often felt that the product structure is not rigid enough and easy to deform. It can be made into thin shell structure and sandwich structure, and can also be composed of high modulus fibers or reinforcing ribs.
2. Poor long-term temperature resistance. General FRP cannot be used at high temperature for a long time. When the temperature is higher than 50℃, the strength of general polyester glass fiber reinforced plastic decreases obviously, and it is only used below 100℃. Generally, the strength of epoxy FRP decreases obviously above 60℃. However, high temperature resistant resin can be selected to keep the long-term working temperature at 200~300℃.
3. Aging phenomenon Aging phenomenon is the same defect of plastic, and FRP is no exception. Under the action of ultraviolet rays, wind, sand, rain, snow, chemical media and mechanical stress, it is easy to cause performance degradation.
4. Interlayer shear strength is low because it is borne by resin. Adhesion between layers can be improved by selecting process and using coupling agent, and the most important thing is to avoid shearing between layers when designing products.