The methods of physical disinfection and sterilization are mainly divided into thermal disinfection and sterilization and radiation disinfection. There are more questions in the career exam, so follow the footsteps of Tianjin Health Talent Network experts one by one to learn and consolidate!
First, thermal disinfection sterilization method: is the effect of reliable, the most widely used method.
First of all, the combustion method: dry heat method. It is a simple, rapid and thorough sterilization method.
Applicable: do not need to save the contaminated items; need to be used urgently some metal instruments and enamel items do not have other sterilization methods. Sharp knives and scissors prohibited burning method, so as not to blunt the edge.
Methods: metal instruments can be burned on the flame for 20 seconds; enamel containers can be poured into a small amount of more than 95% of the ethanol ignition burned to extinguish, in the middle of the ethanol can not be added.
Next is the dry baking method: the use of special closed oven for sterilization.
Applicable: at high temperatures without deterioration, damage, evaporation of items, such as oils, powders, glassware and metal products such as sterilization.
Temperature and time: 150 ℃, 2.5 hours; 160 ℃, 2 hours; 180 ℃, 0.5 hours.
Then boiling sterilization method: for moist heat method. It is one of the earliest sterilization methods applied.
Application: moisture-resistant, high-temperature-resistant items, such as metal, enamel, glass and rubber.
Method: the items are brushed and cleaned after all submerged in water, heating and boiling. The disinfection time is counted from the boiling of the water. If you add items in the middle of the process, the time will be counted again after the second boiling of the water.
Finally, the pressure steam sterilization method: the wet heat method. It is a method of heat disinfection sterilization method with the best results.
Application: high temperature, high pressure, moisture items, such as metal, glass, rubber, enamel, dressings and other sterilization; can not be used for petroleum jelly and other oils and talcum powder and other powder sterilization. Divided into the lower exhaust pressure steam sterilization and pre-vacuum pressure steam sterilization.
Second, radiation sterilization method: the main use of ultraviolet sterilization, so that the bacterial body protein photolysis, denaturation and bacterial death.
1. Sun exposure: direct sunlight exposure for 6 hours, and regular turning, so that all sides of the items can be exposed to sunlight.
2. Ozone sterilization disinfection: used for air, sewage, diagnosis and treatment of water and the disinfection of the surface of the goods. Note that the concentration does not exceed 0.2mg/m3. When air disinfection, personnel must leave, to be disinfected after 30 minutes before entering.