Question 2: What is included in Nursing Examination Courses: University English, VF Programming, *** Introduction to Ideology and Theory of Building Socialism with Chinese Characteristics, Fundamental Principles of Ridge Cism, Physical Education, University Chinese, Human Anatomy, Pathogenic Biology, Physiology, Pharmacology, Nursing Ethics, Fundamental Nursing, Nursing in Internal Medicine, Nursing in Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing, Pediatric Nursing
Examination Courses: Hearing and Speaking English, Basic Computer Culture, Foundation of Ideological and Moral Cultivation and Law, Outline of Modern Chinese History, Career Development and Employment Guidance, Mental Health Education, Medical Organic Chemistry, Histoembryology, Medical Immunology, Biochemistry, Pathology, Pathophysiology, Nursing Psychology, Introduction to Nursing, Health Assessment, Nursing Care, Nursing Research, Five Sundays and Five Weeks. Nursing, Nursing Research, Pentacenter Nursing, Community Nursing, Geriatric Nursing, Nursing Etiquette and Aesthetics, Medical Statistics and Statistical Software Application, Fundamentals of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nursing Management, Acute and Critical Care Nursing, Psychiatric Nursing, Nursing Pedagogy
Question 3: What are the contents of the specific work of nursing work? Chapter 1 Introduction
1,What are the commonly used methods of nursing work? Briefly describe the characteristics of various methods.
(1) case-by-case care, the nurse has clear responsibilities and is responsible for the completion of all the content of their care, can grasp the patient's overall situation, but consumes manpower.
(2) functional nursing, is a flow of work methods, nurses clear division of labor, easy to organize and manage, save manpower. But the work of mechanical, lack of communication with the patient, less consideration of the patient's psychosocial needs, the nurse is more difficult to grasp the patient's overall situation.
(3) group nursing, can play the role of nurses at all levels, can understand the general situation of the patient, but the nurse's sense of personal responsibility is relatively weakened.
(4) responsible nursing, responsible nurse's responsibility is clear, can be more comprehensive understanding of the patient's situation, but the requirements of the patient's 24-hour responsibility is difficult to realize, and the written record of the writing task is more, the need for personnel is also more.
(5) integrated care, can ensure that nurses with different levels of experience, competence and education in the work of the rational distribution and use, the best use of human resources and promote their development. This way of working not only takes into account the cost-effectiveness, but also provides space and opportunities for the personal development of nurses.
2,What are the basic conditions for nurses in the nursing profession
(1) ideological and moral qualities: (2) scientific and cultural qualities: (3) professional qualities: (4) physical qualities: (5) psychological qualities:
3,Nurses are required to help the population to solve the following four health-related problems
(1) Relief of pain: (1) relief of (3) restoring health: (4) promoting health:
Chapter 2: Basic Concepts in Nursing
1. What are the nursing activities that improve the quality of life?
(1) Physical domain. Such as keeping the patient comfortable *** .
(2) Psychological. Such as counseling the terminally ill .
(3) Social field. Encourage the patient's family to visit and accompany the patient frequently.
2, what are the measures to prevent disease
(1) primary prevention. Also known as etiological prevention, from the cause to prevent the occurrence of health problems, such as through health education to make people pay attention to the intake of balanced nutrition.
(2) Secondary prevention. The key is early detection, early diagnosis and foo period to deal with health problems such as hypertension patient screening.
(3) Tertiary prevention. That is, active treatment, prevention of complications and measures to promote physical and mental health, in order to prevent further deterioration of the disease and various disabilities.
3, give examples of health is a dynamic, continuous process of change
Health and disease is a continuous process, there is no absolute line of demarcation.
(1) A horizontal coordinate represents the dynamic process of health and disease, with one end representing the state of optimal health, and the other end representing critical illness or death, with phases of good health, normal health, discomfort, and disease.
(2) Everyone is in a certain position in the dynamic process of health - disease, and this position is always changing, not static.
(3) Nursing covers the entire spectrum of health, from the maintenance of optimal health to helping people who are dying to die in peace, serenity, and dignity. Ask for one or two examples to illustrate.
4, analyze the relationship between the person, the environment, health and care of four concepts
The person, the environment, health and care of the four basic concepts of nursing, these four concepts are interrelated and interact with each other.
(1) People are the object of nursing, and human health is the center of nursing.
(2) There is a continuous interaction between the person and the environment to achieve the goal of promoting, maintaining or restoring health.
(3) The internal and external environmental factors affect the state of health, and if the environment changes beyond the person's compensatory capacity, the person's state of health will develop in an undesirable direction.
5, examples of the significance of the concept of the human being in nursing practice
The human being is the object of nursing care, and the concept of the human being has the following characteristics:
(1) the human being is a whole: the human being consists of several aspects such as the body, the mind and the spirit, and the community, and each aspect forms a complete and unique human being through interconnection, interdependence, and interaction. Any discomfort or disorder in one of the components will affect the other components and the whole, and the object of nursing care is not the disease, but the whole person. Nurses should also recognize all aspects of human attributes in nursing practice.
(2) The human being is an open system: the human being does not exist in isolation, the human being and the surrounding environment are constantly exchanging material, energy and information. Its basic goal is to maintain the stability and balance of the body's internal environment to adapt to changes in the external environment. People are affected by the environment and can influence the environment.
(3) People have different levels of basic needs at different stages of development: people of different ages have different developmental characteristics and tasks, and different levels of basic needs.
(4) People have the ability to take care of themselves ...... >>
Question 4: What should be included in the nursing management of the department in the current medical environment Nursing quality management content: Nursing quality management should first be clear about its tasks and requirements premise study of nursing quality management of nursing quality of the work of the quality of the inspection, analysis and control 1, improve the quality of caregivers: to ensure the quality of good care care caregiver quality of the overall quality of the determinants to strengthen the caregiver. Training nursing quality management priority task of a high-quality nursing staff should have: (1) good service concept solid theoretical foundation skilled nursing technology; (2) strong management awareness management knowledge; (3) establish the legal awareness of mastering the legal knowledge Training of nursing staff should be a three-pronged approach to ensure that only the quality of care knowledge and technology to let the real understanding of the importance of quality of care management to master the quality of nursing care management. 2, the development of quality of care standards Nursing quality standard nursing quality management basis nursing practice based on the measurement of the quantity and quality of work scale weights nursing quality standards should be the work of the project or management requirements or management of the elephant to determine by a variety of the same project, type and series of specific standard nursing quality standard system specific content of the four categories: (1) nursing technical operation quality standards: including basic nursing technical operation specialized nursing technical operation (2) nursing management (2) Nursing management quality standards: including wards, outpatient clinics, emergency, operating room, supply room, blood purification department and other departments of nursing quality standards (3) Nursing document quality standards: including temperature charts, nursing records, doctor's orders, nursing cases, etc. (4) Clinical quality standards of care: including special nursing quality standards, first aid items complete rate, basic nursing care qualified rate, disinfection and isolation of the qualified rate, the rate of errors and accidents, etc. (4) clinical quality standards: including special care quality standards, emergency items complete rate, basic nursing care qualified rate, disinfection and isolation qualified rate, the rate of error and accidents. Management: quality management should be injected into the new section of the management content quality management work should be a kind of basic principles should focus on the following aspects: (1) do the groundwork so that caregivers to recognize the significance of the concept of quality management; grasp the quality management tools (2) the work of the standard content of each nursing work are to develop a unified standard of standard for each caregiver standard exhibition of the quality of each work management of the basic (3) the quality management process using the PDCA cycle of management: i.e., planning, implementation, checking, processing four stages week after week, and then the quality management process, (4) data statistics: nursing quality management of all aspects of the record with data statistical processing to make management more scientific (5) nursing quality defects control (6) nursing work units and service quality management (7) nursing collaborative service quality management: the establishment of a sound nursing quality management system; the establishment of quality information systems; Improve the quality management system
Question 5: What are the basic standards of nursing management Nursing medical records: nursing staff in the process of medical and nursing activities in the formation of words, symbols, icons and other information in general, is the nurse to record the patient's condition changes, treatment and nursing measures taken, is the nurse to use the nursing program for the patient to solve the actual problem with the process of the specific embodiment of the credentials.
The nurse's record of the patient's condition and the nursing measures taken.
Nursing charts mainly include temperature sheets, medical orders, admission nursing assessment sheets, general nursing records, surgical nursing records, surgical patient verification forms, etc., which is an important part of the medical record.
Question 6: Nursing quality management mainly includes which aspects Nursing quality management content:
Carrying out nursing quality management, first of all, we should clarify its tasks and requirements, under this premise, the study of nursing quality management, the quality of the nursing work of the various nursing inspection, analysis and control.
1, improve the nursing staff's own quality: to ensure good quality of care, the overall quality of nursing staff is the determining factor. To strengthen the training of nursing staff is the first task of nursing quality management, a high-quality nursing staff should have:
(1) good service concept, solid theoretical foundation and skillful nursing techniques; (2) strong management awareness and management knowledge;
(3) establish legal awareness, mastery of legal knowledge.
Therefore, the training of nursing staff should start from the above three aspects, so that they not only have the knowledge and technology to ensure the quality of care, but also to let her really recognize the importance of quality management of nursing, mastering the scientific method of quality management of nursing.
2, the development of nursing quality standards: nursing quality standards is the basis of nursing quality management, is the basis of nursing practice, is to measure the amount of work, the quality of the yardstick and weight. Nursing quality standards should be determined by the work project or management requirements or management objects, respectively, is by a variety of different projects, types and a series of specific standards to form a nursing quality standard system. Specific content is divided into four categories:
(1) Nursing technical operation quality standards: including basic nursing technical operation and specialized nursing technical operation.
(2) Nursing management quality standards: including wards, outpatient clinics, emergency, operating rooms, supply rooms, blood purification departments and other departments of nursing quality standards.
(3) Nursing document quality standards: including temperature charts, nursing records, medical orders, nursing cases and so on.
(4) Clinical nursing quality standards: including the quality standards of nursing care at an extraordinarily high level, the rate of first aid items intact, the rate of basic nursing care qualification, the rate of disinfection and isolation qualification, and the rate of errors and accidents, and so on.
3, nursing quality management methods: quality management should be injected into the new scientific management content, quality management work methods should be varied, from the most basic principles should focus on the following aspects:
(1) do a good job of basic work, so that nursing staff to recognize the concept and meaning of quality management; master the tools of quality management.
(2) work content standards, each nursing work to develop a unified standard, each caregiver as a standard, to carry out the daily work, which is the basic method of quality management.
(3) quality management process using PDCA cycle management: that is, planning, implementation, inspection, processing of the four stages, week after week for quality management cycle, this cycle is not to stay at a level of simple repetition, but spiral up.
(4) data statistics: all aspects of nursing quality management records, processed with data statistical methods to make management more scientific. (5) Nursing quality defects control.
(6) Nursing hours unit and service quality management. (7) Nursing collaborative service quality management: establish a sound nursing quality management system; establish a quality information system; improve the quality management system.
Question 7: What is included in the management of nursing staff Nursing study content and subjects:
1. Main subjects
Fundamentals of Nursing Introduction to Nursing Internal Medicine Nursing Surgical Nursing Pediatric Nursing Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing
2. Main courses
Human Anatomy, Physiology, Pathology, Pathophysiology, Nursing Psychology
(a) Hospital nursing
1, basic nursing research and application of the basic theory and basic technology of nursing, to meet the patient's basic needs of life and the need for psychological treatment, through the clinical nursing work, for the diagnosis and treatment of disease to provide timely information on the occurrence of the disease, the development of the dynamic, and effectively cooperate with the treatment and participation in the treatment, examination and rescue of critically ill patients, to active and safe nursing countermeasures, so that the patient in the best psychological condition, the patient's health and safety. The nursing countermeasures, so that the patient is in the best psychological state.
2, specialty care Combined with the characteristics of various clinical specialties, the application of specialized nursing theory and nursing technology, such as strengthening the monitoring of critically ill patients and burns, microsurgery, organ transplantation, before and after the operation of the specialty care.
3. Nursing management Use scientific methods to organize and implement clinical nursing work; create a beautiful environment for patients to recuperate; establish a good relationship between patients and nurses; effectively improve the quality of care.
(B) community care
Community care focuses on preventive health care, including disease prevention, health care counseling; nursing science education and vaccination; mental health guidance; family planning, eugenics, eugenics guidance; prevention and treatment of occupational diseases and family visit nursing.
(C) Nursing education
Research on the laws, methods and modes of training nursing personnel, and constantly improve the quality of nursing education, improve the knowledge structure of nursing personnel, and adapt to the needs of the development of nursing.
(D) Nursing research
The development of nursing needs the support and promotion of nursing research. The construction of nursing theory, nursing theory and nursing practice results, nursing technology, method of improvement, nursing equipment, nursing tool reform, nursing management mode of establishment. All rely on nursing scientific research to explore the law, summarize experience, and promote the continuous development of nursing.
Question 8: Nursing management program includes which aspects of the content Nursing management is the application of management theory and methodology in nursing practice and the gradual development of an applied discipline. The main study of nursing management phenomena and laws, through planning, organizing, human resource management, leadership, control of the five management functions, to ensure the efficiency of nursing management purposes. The main task of learning is to understand the theoretical basis and methods of management, as well as the organizational structure of nursing management, characteristics and tasks; basic mastery of the five functions of management, and have the ability to use the basic theories and skills of management to solve practical problems in nursing management. Thank you please adopt
Question 9: What are the main components of the nurse's self-management The concept of nursing and the evolution process
The concept of nursing
nursing originated from Latin, the original meaning is to feed the child, and later expanded to childcare, care for the elderly, the sick, and the infirm. The definition of nursing has evolved with the development of society and the changing needs of society. Different times, different nursing organizations and groups and different nursing theorists give different definitions of nursing.
The American Nurses Association (ANA) proposed in 1980: "Nursing is the diagnosis and management of human responses to existing and potential health problems." This definition states:
(1) Nursing serves not only the sick, but the whole person, including both the sick and the healthy, as well as the family, community, and society of which the person is a part. The ultimate goal of nursing is to improve the health of the whole human being.
(2) Nursing studies the human response to health problems, i.e., the human response to health in all its physiological, psychological and social aspects.
(3) This definition is closely linked to the nursing process, nursing through the nursing process as a scientific method of work, assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation and evaluation, to complete the diagnosis and treatment of the health problems of the response of the nursing object. This definition better expresses the scientific nature and independence of nursing, and is currently recognized and adopted by the nursing community in most countries.
Evolution of the concept of nursing
Since the development of modern nursing, due to the transformation of the medical model and the maturation of nursing theory, the concept of nursing has been changing and developing. This change can be summarized in three stages:
(1) Disease-centered stage
(2) Patient-centered stage
(3) Human health-centered stage **************** What kind of nurses are needed for modern nursing
Nurses as a profession have a history of more than a hundred years. In the new century, modern medicine is undergoing profound changes from concept to structure, and the requirements of modern nursing for nurses are getting higher and higher, and nurses are assuming more and more responsibilities in promoting human health, which is recognized and valued by the society. In the future, to become an excellent nurse in the nursing team without being eliminated, it is necessary to have a very comprehensive and integrated quality, and need to make unremitting efforts in the work.
I. Concept
(1) reverence for the job: before you choose to be a nurse, you should think carefully: you are suitable for this occupation? Do you love this profession? If there is no enthusiasm for a job, it is difficult for you to do a good job. Only those who love the profession of nursing will try to do a good job and enjoy the joy of it.
(2) patient-centered: service and responsibility are the main duties of the nurse, the nursing object can not be limited to the disease, the focus is on the patient. To respect the patient, understand and protect the patient's rights, and actively to meet the patient's various reasonable needs, so that the patient's body and mind are recovered as soon as possible.
II. Education, learning
At present, most of the nurses in our country's nursing team education is secondary school and college, nursing undergraduate degree and above not many nurses. It has been reported that there is a clear correlation between the level of education and the quality of nursing care, and that a high level of education is an important prerequisite for ensuring high quality of nursing care. Modern nursing development will inevitably require a higher and higher proportion of highly educated nurses in the nursing team. At present, China's undergraduate nursing graduates have been presented with the market characteristics of demand exceeds supply.
To become a high-level, high-quality nurses need to be completed through the form of academic education and continuing education. The content of continuing education mainly includes: professional ethics education; "three basic" education; specialized nursing theory and technical operation education; nursing new theories, new concepts education; psychology, sociology, aesthetics and other humanities knowledge and foreign language and computer skills training. Good study habits is the main means of completing continuing education, lifelong learning is the nurses to become successful and professional development of this, to have a humble attitude of learning, through exchanges with colleagues and other medical workers, learning to continuously improve their own quality.
III. Character
Nurses are a special service profession, the nurse's character has high requirements, each nurse should have the following character traits:
(1) kindness: love and compassion will really appreciate the patient's suffering, and will be from the heart to help patients. (2)Meticulous: a careless person is difficult to successfully complete the nursing work, prone to errors is their common problem, this kind of people are not suitable for nurses. (3) calm: nursing work will encounter a variety of things, many of which are either very hard or very aggravating, an impatient person will not be easy to control their emotions, will immediately show dissatisfaction and anger, which will damage the nurse-patient relationship or health care relationship. (4) Self-discipline: nurses should respond to their own words at work ...... >>
Question 10: What are the characteristics of nursing management Reproduced below for reference
Characteristics of Nursing Management
Characteristics of Nursing Management
Characteristics of Nursing Management are inseparable from the characteristics of the nursing discipline.
Nursing as an independent discipline has its own regularity. Nursing to comprehensively apply the knowledge of human psychological and physiological interrelationships, as well as knowledge of natural science, social science, thinking science, to help, guide, and care for people to maintain or regain the relative balance of the internal and external environments in order to achieve physical and mental health, full of energy. Nursing is primarily an independent nursing practice, in addition to having the task of collaborating with physicians in diagnosis and treatment. Nursing is the diagnosis and treatment of people's responses to existing and potential health problems and is a unique field distinct from medical practice. The object of nursing is the human being, and today, as the medical model has evolved into a biopsychosocial medical model, nursing has undergone a major transformation, showing more of its independence and its own laws and characteristics. Similarly, nursing management is no longer just the responsibility of the head nurse, the director of the nursing department, each nursing staff in order to take care of the nursing object, to provide them with nursing services, are required to make plans, communication, the application of problem-solving procedures, etc., so each nursing staff can be said to be a nursing manager.
According to the nursing work object is the characteristics of the patient, the quality of nurses put forward special requirements. Nurses directly for the patient service, requires nursing staff to have a good quality cultivation. Good quality cultivation can be obtained through management education, cultivate and maintain the good quality of nurses is one of the important content of nursing management construction.
Nursing management should be adapted to the scientific and service-oriented nursing work. Nursing as an independent discipline to synthesize the use of all aspects of knowledge, strong scientific. The development of modern nursing theory, new technology, new knowledge introduced into nursing has strengthened the scientific nature of nursing. Nursing service is also strong, especially in the clinical patient-centered care, scientific, service, technical, ideological and time, continuity are very strong, requiring theory and practice, mental and physical labor combined. Nursing management to adapt to these characteristics.
Nursing work is widely contacted. Nursing work with physicians, medical technology, logistics, administration and patients, families, units and other aspects of contact, the formation of patient-centered, nursing work as the main working relationship; especially in recent years, the development of family and social services, so that the nursing work of communication between the various aspects of communication is particularly important. Coordination of these relationships is an important part of nursing management.
The continuity of nursing work is strong, 24 hours a day, women account for the vast majority of the nursing team, more night shifts, more independent operations, heavy responsibility, the closest contact with the patient, mental stress, laborious work, irregular life. Nursing management must pay attention to these characteristics, appropriate solutions to various difficulties, to ensure that nursing staff work at ease.